Chaps 41: Diuretics Flashcards
What are Furosemide and Bumetanide? What are their trade names?
Furosemide and Bumetanide are both loop diuretics. Furosemide : Lasix
Bumetanide : Bumex
What are the indications for Furosemide use?
Furosemide uses: Treatment of pulmonary edema associated with CHF, edema of cardiac, hepatic, or renal origin that has not responded to other therapeutic agents, and hypertension that cannot be controlled with other diuretics.
What are the indications of use for Bumetanide?
Bumetanide uses: Treatment of edema that has cardiac, hepatic, or renal origins and CHF.
What are the S/S of Pulmonary Edema?
S/S of pulmonary edema include:
Chest pain while breathing, lightheadedness, low O2 in the body, tachycardia, tachypnea, SOB, cough that has pink; frothy output, diaphoresis, and hemoptysis.
When might Furosemide (Lasix) be given in an emergency? Why choose this drug? How long for the drug to achieve results?
Furosemide (Lasix) may be given in an emergency to patients who presents with pulmonary edema. This drug is fast acting: 60min for PO and 5 Min. IV.
What are some toxicities that can result from the use of loop diuretics?
Toxicities from loop diuretics include ototoxicity, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hypotension, and hypovolemia..
How might loop diuretics interact with aminoglycoside antibiotics? (gentamycin and tobramycin)
They cause hearing loss.
What are some serious effects of taking Furosemide with Digoxin?
There is risk of ventricular dysrhythmias and Potassium wasting.
What are Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril) and Chlorothiazide? What are they used to treat exclusively?
Both are Thiazide diuretics used exclusively to treat hypertension.
When might Thiazide diuretics not be effective?
Thiazide diuretics may not be effective if maximum diuresis is needed or if urine output is low (low GFR).
Which diuretics are Potassium wasting? Which ones are Potassium sparing?
Potassium Wasting: Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Bumetanide, =
Potassium Sparing: Spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride, and ACE Inhibitors (prils), ARBs, RAAS inhibitors
Which drugs should not be combined with Potassium? Which drugs are okay to use with Potassium?
Drugs that should not be combined with Potassium include: NSAIDs, Digoxin, Lithium, and Antihypertensives.
Drugs that can be used with Potassium: You can use a Potassium sparing with a Potassium wasting.
**You cannot combine 2 potassium wasting drugs or 2 Potassium sparing drugs together as you will either accelerate potassium wasting or potassium sparing.
What is the drug Mannitol used for? What are some special uses, what are some special concerns? Who should not take this medication?
Mannitol is used to reduce intracranial pressure, intraocular pressure, and preventative renal failure.
Mannitol promote the LOSS of electrolytes, which include K. It should not be used with patients who have heart failure. Mannitol draws water out of capillaries causing edema which may precipitate pulmonary or congestive heart failure. ** MAY CAUSE PULMONARY EDEMA
