Chapman's reflexes Flashcards
what are chapman’s reflexes?
system of reflex points that present predictable palpable anterior and posterior fascialtissue texture abnormalities…assuming the reflection of visceral dysfunction.
true or false: chapman’s reflexes suggest specific organ pathology?
true
chapmna’s reflexes represent the ____ manifestations of a _____ dysfunction
somatic manifestations
visceral dysfunction
The study of reflex points started when Dr. Chapman started intense study of what part of the body?
lymphatics
Describe the pathophysiology of pelvic-thyroid-adrenal syndrome
somatic dysfunction of pelvis impairs blood/nerve supply –> metabolic changes occur that cause retention of toxins –> local lymph stasis results in nerve irritation leading to tenderness to the body surface
What specifically is a chapman’s point
The area of tenderness on the body surface where the local lymph stasis has resulted in nerve irritation
What are the qualities often found of a chapman’s point?
small, smooth, firm, circumscribed area of edema “small pearls of tapioca”
where are chapman’s points found in the skin?
on the deep fascia or periosteum
what is found on microscopic analysis of chapman’s points
no identifiable pathology
describe what the pain is like at a chapman’s point
It is often out of proportion to the amnt of pressure used - deep pain with gentle/firm pressure, sharp, pinpoint source of pain that DOES NOT radiate
Do chapman’s reflex points radiate?
NO
what is the unique identifying factor between chapman’s reflex points and myofascial trigger point?
myofascial trigger points radiate
what is the unique identifier distinguishing tender points and chapman reflex?
tender points are not associated with any specific visceral pathology
According to Dr. Chapman, what treatment will improve the hormonal function of the glands in the pelvis?
Balancing the pelvis.
What needs to be treated before treating the reflex points?
the pelvis
What is the order of treatment plan regarding when to approach Chapman’s points?
Diagnose chapman’s relfex–>treat somatic dysfunctions–>treat CRP
Describe the steps in treating a CRP
- place finger pad gently on individual nodule
- hold for 10-30 seconds until the nodule disappears
- do not use excessive pressure on either anterior or posterior points
where are CRP typically found on the body?
on both the anterior and posterior surfaces
describe the 30 second visceral screen
palpate the sternal/costochondral interspaces/umbilical/suprapubic regions, and lateral thighs
what areas are added when you do the 45 second screen
clavicular = ENT
Boards usually ask for anterior, posterior, or both CPR?
anterior
what organs are not bilateral?
heart, liver, spleen, pancreas (only sit on one side of the body)
CRP: middle ear/otitis media
superior portion of the clavicle in mid-clavicular line
CRP: pharynx/pharyngitis
superior portion of 1st rib just lateral to the manubrium at the costosternal junction
CRP: sinuses, sinusitis
superior portion of 2nd rib on mid-clavicular line
CRP: esophagus, bronchus, thyroid, myocardium (bronchitis, thyroid disease, heart disease)
Btwn ribs 2-3, just lateral to sternum. Heart is just left of 2-3 interspace.
memory tools: ear
ear is line with the midclavicular line
memory tools: pharynx
PHarynx on the First rib
memory tools: sinuses
SSSinuses on SSSuperior portion of SSSecond rib
memory tools: myocardium/esophagus
listen to the heart in the 2nd ICS
CRP: upper lung (PNA)
Btwn ribs 3-4 just lateral to the sternum, depends on location of the PNA for R vs. L side
CRP: lung lower, lower lobe PNA
Btwn ribs 4-5 just lateral to sternum.
CRP: stomach (acidity/gastritis)
Btwn ribs 5-6 near costochondral junction
memory tools: stomach
Viscerosomatic level for stomach = T5-9. Peristasis occurs 6th ICS. Therefore CRP for stomach is going to be 5-6.
CRP: liver, gallbladder (disease)
Btwn ribs 6-7 near costochondral junction - RIGHT side only
memory tool for liver/gallbladder
Viscerosomatic for liver is T6-9
CRP: spleen
Btwn ribs 7-8 - LEFT side only
CRP: pancreas
Btwn ribs 7-8 - RIGHT side only
Memory tool pancreas
spleen and pancreas = 17 letters/ 2 organ s = 7
CRP: appendix (anterior and posterior)
a) anterior: anterior tip of the 12th rib on the RIGHT
b) posterior: right transverse process of T11
CRP: bladder (UTI)
at the umbilicus
memory tool: bladder
UUUTI = UUUMbilicus
CRP: ovaries, urethra
lateral to the pubic symphysis
CRP: prostate
on top of the IT band in its midline
CRP for colon - right femur
cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, right 2/5s of t. colon
CRP for colon - left femur
sigmoid, descending colon, splenic flexure, left 3/5 of t. colon
CRP for rectum
lesser trochanter bilaterally
What nervous system are the collateral ganglia part of?
sympathetic
What are all the branches of the sympathetic ganglia?
celiac, superior/inferior mesenteric
What can cause palpable changes in the collateral ganglia tissues prior to patients noticing symptoms?
visceral afferent activity
Where are the celiac ganglia located
right below the xyphoid
Where are the superior mesenteric ganglion and plexus found?
located 1/2 btwn the xiphoid and umbilicus
where is the inferior mesenteric ganglion found?
located at the umbilicus
What preganglionic nerve fibers does the celiac ganglion receive
T5-9
What organs does the celiac ganglion supply?
Distal esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and portions of the pancreas
Superior mesenteric ganglion receives preganglionic nerve fibers from what levels?
T10-11
What organs does the superior mesenteric ganglion supply?
Distal duodenum, portions of the pancreas, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon, and proximal 2/3 of transverse colon.
Inferior mesenteric ganglion received preganglionic fibers from what spinal levels?
T12-L2
Inferior mesenteric ganglion supplies what organs?
Distal 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
What ganglion is associated with upper GI disorders?
celiac
What ganglion is associated with lower GI disorders?
inferior mesenteric
How do you diagnose a facilitation of an abdominal collateral ganglion?
Evaluate tissues on top of the ganglia to determine if there is evidence of increased SNS. (place both hands over the area, spread them equally, objective sensation of rapid increase in resistance to pressure applied)
Steps in treating ganglia inhibition.
- Fingers are placed midline over the collateral ganglia with pressure that matches the tissue tension.
- maintain pressure as pt small inhale
- with exhalation, follow the tissues posteriorly until new resistance is met
- repeat above steps until relaxation of the tension is achieved OR held for 90 seconds
- recheck by pressing pressure over the ganglion again
Relative contraindications to treatment of collateral ganglia?
- aortic aneurysm
- surgical sound
- acute abdomen
- pregnancy
What those with relative CI to CRP treatment be treated with OMM?
Yes, they can and should be after addressing any medical emergencies.
True or false, CRP have the same innervation as the collateral ganglia and viscersomatic reflexes?
true
