Chaper1 Flashcards
What does ‘expedite’ mean?
Make (an action or process) happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly
Synonyms include speed up, accelerate, hurry, hasten.
What is a transgression?
The act or process of breaking a law or moral rule
Synonyms include offence, crime, sin, wrongdoing.
What does ‘impinge’ refer to?
Having an effect, especially a negative one
Synonyms include collide, crash, hit, impact.
Define hegemony.
A situation in which one country, organization, or group has more power, control, or importance than others
Synonyms include leadership, dominance, supremacy.
What is arbitration?
The judging of a dispute between people or groups by someone who is not involved
Synonyms include decision, settlement, judgment.
What is a deadlock?
A situation in which no progress can be made
Synonyms include tie, impasse, standoff.
What does it mean to concede?
To admit or agree that something is true after first denying or resisting it
Synonyms include surrender, yield, give up.
What is a plebiscite?
A direct vote by the people of a country or region on a particular policy
Synonyms include vote, poll, referendum.
What does disparate mean?
Things that are clearly different from each other in quality or type
Synonyms include contrasting, different, dissimilar.
Define confabulate.
To talk together in an informal way; chat
It can also mean to invent experiences that did not really happen.
What does it mean to marginalize?
To treat someone or something as if they are not important
Synonyms include demean, deprecate, belittle.
What is grit?
Very small pieces of stone or sand; courage and determination despite difficulty
Synonyms include courage, bravery.
What does ‘ostensible’ mean?
Appearing or claiming to be one thing when it is really something else
Synonyms include apparent, seeming, superficial.
What is a parley?
A discussion between two opposing groups to come to an agreement
Synonyms include confab, conference, consult.
Define umbrella organization.
An organization that controls or organizes the activities of several other organizations with a similar purpose
Example: A council representing a large number of tradespeople.
What is a truce?
An agreement between two groups to stop fighting or quarreling for a short time
Synonyms include armistice, cease-fire.
What does autarky mean?
Economic independence or self-sufficiency
Synonyms include absolutism, dictatorship.
What is meant by seminal?
Containing important new ideas and having a great influence on later work
Synonyms include influential, groundbreaking.
What is solace?
Comfort or consolation in a time of great distress or sadness
Synonyms include comfort, relief.
Define moribund.
Not active or successful; in a very bad condition
Synonyms include dying, expiring.
What does churlish mean?
Rude, unfriendly, and unpleasant
Synonyms include rude, ill-mannered.
What is mettle?
Someone’s ability to do something well in difficult circumstances
Synonyms include spirit, tenacity.
What does brevity mean?
Using only a few words or lasting only a short time
Synonyms include conciseness, shortness.
What does quintessential refer to?
Representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class
Synonyms include definitive, exemplary.
What is a chimera?
A hope or dream that is very unlikely ever to come true
Synonyms include daydream, delusion.
What does sumptuous mean?
Impressive, expensive, and of high quality
Synonyms include lavish, luxurious.
Define austere.
Very simple, with only the things that are absolutely necessary
Synonyms include rigid, severe.
What is a hedonist?
Someone who believes that pleasure is very important and tries to spend all their time doing enjoyable things
Synonyms include debauchee, sensualist.
What does renegade mean?
A person who abandons their previous beliefs and accepts opposing ones
Synonyms include apostate, defector.
What does it mean to arraign someone?
To call or bring someone before a court to answer a criminal charge
Synonyms include indict, prosecute.
What does conflate mean?
To combine two or more descriptions or ideas into a single one
Synonyms include amalgamate, merge.
What does plausible mean?
An explanation or statement that seems likely to be true or valid
Synonyms include credible, believable.
What does it mean to ‘conflate’?
To combine or merge multiple elements into one
Synonyms include amalgamate, consolidate, and unify.
What is a ‘plausible’ explanation?
An explanation that seems likely to be true or valid
Synonyms include credible, reasonable, and believable.
Define ‘palpable’.
So obvious that it can easily be seen or known
Synonyms include perceptible and tangible.
What does ‘quell’ mean?
To put an end to a disorder, typically by force
Synonyms include stamp out and finish.
What is ‘parlance’?
A group of words or style of speaking used by a particular group
Synonyms include jargon and idiom.
What does ‘sordid’ refer to?
Morally ignoble or dirty behavior
Synonyms include filthy and grimy.
Define ‘rogue’.
A man who behaves in a dishonest or criminal way
Synonyms include scoundrel and villain.
What does it mean to ‘extrapolate’?
To guess or think about what might happen using known information
Synonyms include deduce and infer.
What does ‘flounder’ mean?
To experience great difficulties or be unable to decide
Synonyms include struggle and thrash.
Fill in the blank: A _______ response shows little enthusiasm.
tepid
Tepid can also refer to a slightly warm liquid.
What does ‘cognizant’ mean?
Being aware of or understanding something
Synonyms include aware and mindful.
What does it mean to ‘defer’?
To delay something until a later time
Synonyms include postpone and hold off.
What does ‘aloft’ refer to?
In the air or in a higher position
Synonyms include above and overhead.
What does it mean to ‘flout’ a rule?
To intentionally not obey a rule or law
Synonyms include disregard and scorn.
What does ‘topple’ mean?
To lose balance and fall down
Synonyms include tumble and trip.
What is a ‘muzzle’?
A fastening for the mouth of an animal to prevent biting
Also refers to suppressing independent opinions.
Define ‘depredation’.
An act causing damage or destruction
Synonyms include plunder and looting.
What does ‘wrought’ mean?
Made or done in a careful or decorative way
Synonyms include created and fashioned.
What does it mean to ‘accrue’?
To gradually increase in amount over time
Synonyms include accumulate and amass.
What does it mean to ‘postulate’ something?
To suggest it as the basis for a theory or argument
Synonyms include hypothesize and assume.
Fill in the blank: A _______ pay rise indicates a significant increase.
whopping
Whopping means extremely large.
What is a ‘scourge’?
Something or someone that causes great suffering or trouble
Can also refer to the act of causing great suffering.
Define ‘boisterous’.
Noisy, lively, and full of energy
Synonyms include clamorous and obstreperous.
What does ‘empirical’ refer to?
Reliance on practical experience rather than theories
Synonyms include observed and factual.
What is ‘efficacy’?
The ability of something to produce the desired effect
Synonyms include effectiveness and efficiency.
What is an ‘echelon’?
A level or rank in an organization or profession
Synonyms include level and rank.
Define ‘edifice’.
A large and impressive building
Can also refer to a long-established system.
What does ‘manoeuvre’ mean?
An action requiring care or skill
Can also refer to clever or dishonest actions.
What is a ‘homily’?
A piece of spoken or written advice about behavior
Synonyms include sermon and lecture.
What does ‘ceiling’ refer to in a financial context?
An upper limit, usually relating to money
Example includes a ceiling on pay rises.
What does it mean to ‘succumb’?
To lose the ability to fight against someone or something
Synonyms include yield and submit.
What does ‘forgo’ mean?
To not have or do something enjoyable
Synonyms include sacrifice and relinquish.
What is a ‘bottleneck’?
A place where traffic slows down or a problem that delays progress
Synonyms include jam and logjam.
What does ‘quibble’ mean?
To argue about something unimportant
Can also refer to a slight objection.
Define ‘ominous’.
Making you think that something bad will happen
Synonyms include threatening and menacing.
What does ‘ominous’ mean?
Making you think that something bad will happen
Synonyms include threatening, menacing, baleful, forbidding, sinister, doomy, inauspicious.
What is a ‘bellwether’?
One that takes the lead or initiative; an indicator of trends
Example: The performance of the banking sector is a bad bellwether of the economy generally.
Define ‘tacit’.
Understood without being expressed directly
Synonyms include implicit, implied, unexpressed, unspoken.
What is a ‘byword’?
If someone or something is a byword for a particular quality, they have a strong reputation for that quality
Example: The city is a byword for intolerance.
What does ‘idiosyncrasy’ refer to?
A strange or unusual habit or feature that someone or something has
Synonyms include oddity, peculiarity, curiosity.
What is ‘gravitas’?
Seriousness and importance of manner, causing feelings of respect and trust
Example: He lacks the statesmanlike gravitas of a world leader.
Define ‘insolence’.
Rude and disrespectful behavior
Synonyms include back talk, impertinence, impudence.
What does ‘imprimatur’ mean?
Official permission to do something given by a person or group in power
Example: The project can’t go ahead without the imprimatur of the director.
What does it mean to ‘behove’?
It is a duty or responsibility for someone to do something
Example: It behoves us to think of these dangers.
Define ‘insurgency’.
An occasion when a group attempts to take control of their country by force
Example: He has led a violent armed insurgency for 15 years.
What does ‘ensue’ mean?
To happen after something else, especially as a result of it
Example: An angry argument ensued after the accusations.
What is the meaning of ‘whittle’?
To reduce something in size, amount, or extent by a gradual series of steps
Example: The shortlist was whittled down to five.
What does ‘bigotry’ refer to?
Intolerance towards those who hold different opinions
Example: Overcoming his own bigotry.
What does ‘secede’ mean?
To formally become a separate country or stop being a member of a larger group
Example: South Carolina was the first state to secede.
Define ‘impregnable’.
Very well protected and difficult to attack
Example: The old fort looks virtually impregnable.
What does ‘rudimentary’ mean?
Basic and not detailed or developed
Example: Her knowledge is still only rudimentary.
What is a ‘denizen’?
A person, animal, or plant that lives or grows in a particular place
Example: Deer are among the denizens of the forest.
Define ‘pejorative’.
Expressing disapproval or suggesting something is not good
Example: ‘Fat’ is a pejorative word.
What is a ‘patron’?
Someone who supports the work of writers and artists by giving them money
Example: She is a well-known patron of the arts.
What does ‘cahoots’ mean?
Secretly involved with someone in a dishonest activity
Example: The police were in cahoots with the drug dealers.
Define ‘fuzzy’.
Not clear so that you cannot see all its details
Example: The picture is very fuzzy.
What is a ‘plank’ in the context of policy?
An important aspect of something, on which it is based
Example: Educational reform was a main plank of their campaign.
What does ‘gobble’ mean?
To eat something quickly and often noisily
Example: He gobbled up the rest of his sandwich.
Define ‘prod’.
To push someone or something quickly with your finger or an object
Example: She prodded him in the back with her umbrella.
What does it mean to ‘posit’ something?
To suggest or assume it as the basis for an argument
Example: Several writers have posited the idea of a universal consciousness.
What does ‘inimical’ mean?
Causing harm or stopping the development of something
Example: Actions inimical to peace.
Define ‘atrophy’.
To be reduced in size and strength, or to become weaker
Example: My leg muscles had atrophied after months in a hospital bed.
What is a ‘spate’?
A large number of things of the same type that suddenly happen in a short period
Example: There has been a spate of burglaries recently.
What does ‘resuscitate’ mean?
To bring someone who is dying back to life or to bring something back into use
Example: The doctors successfully resuscitated her.
Define ‘convalesce’.
To rest in order to get better after an illness
Example: You’ll need to convalesce for a week or two after your operation.
What does ‘segue’ mean?
To change smoothly from one song or subject to another without stopping
Example: Allow one song to segue into the next.
What does ‘disenchantment’ refer to?
A feeling of disappointment about someone or something previously respected
Example: There’s growing disenchantment with the Government.
Define ‘litany’.
A long, usually boring, list of things that someone talks or writes about
Example: She had to hear his litany of complaints.
What does ‘rampage’ mean?
To go through an area making a lot of noise and causing damage
Example: The demonstrators rampaged through the town.
What does ‘abash’ mean?
To make someone feel embarrassed or ashamed
Example: They tried not to be abashed by the unfamiliar luxury.
Define ‘fraught’.
Full of unpleasant things such as problems or dangers
Example: The negotiations have been fraught with difficulties.
What does ‘unflinching’ mean?
Not showing fear or hesitation in the face of danger
Example: Unflinching determination.
What does ‘fraught’ mean?
Filled with risks or difficulties.
Synonyms include anxious, worried, upset, distraught, overwrought, agitated.
Define ‘unflinching’.
Not showing fear or hesitation in the face of danger or difficulty.
Synonyms include determined, dogged, persistent, persevering, committed.
What does it mean to ‘debunk’ something?
To show that something is less important, less good, or less true than it has been made to appear.
Synonyms include refute, contradict, belie, confound, discredit, negate, rebut, shoot.
What does ‘earmark’ refer to?
To reserve resources for a particular purpose.
Synonyms include allocate, consecrate, dedicate, devote, reserve, save, set by.
What is a ‘chasm’?
A very deep, narrow opening in rock, ice, or the ground; a large difference between two opinions or groups.
Synonyms include abysm, abyss, deep, gulf, ocean.
Define ‘bonhomie’.
Friendliness and happiness.
Synonyms include cordiality, affability, amiability, sociability, friendliness, warmth.
What does ‘bulge’ mean?
A curved shape sticking out from the surface of something; a sudden increase that soon returns to the usual level.
Synonyms include surge, rise, increase, boost, swelling, bump, lump.
What is a ‘skirmish’?
A short argument or a minor battle.
Synonyms include fight, battle, clash, conflict, encounter, confrontation.
What does it mean to ‘fleece’ someone?
To take someone’s money dishonestly, by charging too much or by cheating them.
Synonyms include cheat, chisel, chouse, con, cozen, defraud.
What is meant by ‘the gift of the gab’?
The ability to speak easily and confidently, making people want to listen.
Synonyms include articulacy, eloquence, rhetoric.
What does ‘Goliaths’ refer to?
A very large and powerful person or organization.
Synonyms include leviathan, mammoth, mastodon, monster, titan, whale, whopper.
Fill in the blank: To ‘allow for’ means to _______.
[think about or plan for something that will or might happen in the future].
What does ‘alight upon’ mean?
To find by chance; to suddenly notice or think of something.
Synonyms include bump into, come across, come upon, confront, detect.
What does ‘bear out’ mean?
To support the truth of something.
Synonyms include confirm, corroborate, substantiate, support, validate, verify, vindicate.
What does ‘carry away’ mean?
To be so excited about something that you do not control what you say or do.
Synonyms include entrance, rap, rapture, ravish, transport.
What does it mean to ‘dispense with’ something?
To stop using it or get rid of it completely.
Synonyms include abolish, dispose of, do without, forgo, get rid of, ignore, relinquish.
Define ‘augment’.
To make something larger, stronger, or more effective by adding something to it.
Synonyms include accelerate, add to, aggrandize, amplify, boost, build up, compound.
What does ‘telling’ mean?
Showing the truth about a situation or what someone really thinks.
Synonyms include convincing, decisive, effective, forceful, persuasive, satisfying, strong.
What does ‘acclaimed’ mean?
Attracting public approval and praise.
Synonyms include praise, applause, cheers, ovation, tribute, accolade, acclamation, plaudits.
Define ‘flamboyant’.
Very confident in behavior, often seeking attention.
Synonyms include confident, lively, buoyant, energetic, vibrant, vivacious, extravagant.
What does ‘denigrate’ mean?
To criticize someone or something unfairly or insult them.
Synonyms include censure, condemn, criticize severely, abuse, admonish, animadvert.
What does ‘slog’ mean?
To work hard over a long period, especially on difficult or boring tasks.
Synonyms include hike, tramp, walk, walkabout.
Define ‘gumption’.
The ability to decide what is best in a situation and to act with energy and determination.
Synonyms include initiative, resourcefulness, enterprise, imagination, ingenuity.
What is a ‘plea’?
An urgent and emotional request.
Synonyms include appeal, entreaty, supplication, petition, prayer, request, call.
Define ‘antecedent’.
Something that happened or existed before something else, similar in some way.
Synonyms include ancestor, forefather, forebear, predecessor, progenitor.
What does ‘provocation’ refer to?
Action or speech that makes someone angry, especially deliberately.
Synonyms include prompting, inducement, encouragement, urging, inspiration, stimulus.
What is ‘defamation’?
The action of damaging someone’s good reputation; slander.
Synonyms include infringement, calumny, litigation, misrepresentation, slander.
Define ‘cohort’.
A group of people who share a characteristic.
Synonyms include companion, comrade, disciple, follower, adherent, mate.
What is a ‘landmark’?
An important stage in something’s development.
Synonyms include marker, memorial, milestone, museum, battleground, benchmark.
What does ‘statutory’ mean?
Decided or controlled by law.
Synonyms include lawful, legal, judicial, rightful.
Define ‘convicted’.
Having officially been found guilty of a crime in a law court.
Synonyms include condemn, damned, doomed, fated.
What is a ‘deterrent’?
Something that deters people from doing something.
Synonyms include hindrance, impediment, obstruction, block, barrier, inhibition.
What does ‘dubious’ mean?
Not considered completely honest, safe, or reliable.
Synonyms include doubtful, uncertain, unsure, in doubt, hesitant, undecided, unsettled.
What are ‘credentials’?
Documents that state a person’s abilities and qualifications for a job or activity.
Synonyms include capability, goods, qualification, stuff.
Define ‘denouement’.
The end of a story, where everything is explained, or the end result of a situation.
Synonyms include ending, finish, close, culmination, climax, conclusion.
What does ‘a pie in the sky’ refer to?
Something hoped for but very unlikely to happen.
Synonyms include illusion, delusion, fantasy, pipe dream, daydream, reverie, mirage.
What does ‘lackadaisical’ mean?
Lacking enthusiasm and determination; carelessly lazy.
Synonyms include enervated, languid, languishing, languorous, limp, listless, spiritless.
Define ‘cynical’.
Believing that people care only about themselves and are not sincere or honest.
Synonyms include contemptuous, derisive, ironic, misanthropic, pessimistic.
What does ‘patronage’ mean?
Support given to an organization by someone.
Synonyms include sponsor, backer, financier, subsidizer, underwriter, guarantor, benefactor.
What is the definition of patronage?
Support given to an organization by someone
Example: The charity enjoys the patronage of many prominent local business people.
What does the term ‘vृति देने का अतधकार’ refer to?
The power of a person to give someone an important job or position
Example: Patronage is a potent force if used politically.
What is a synonym for patronage?
- sponsor
- backer
- financier
- subsidizer
- underwriter
- guarantor
- benefactor
What is a pronouncement?
A formal or authoritative announcement or declaration
Example: The treasurer has been taking a more optimistic view of economic recovery in his recent public pronouncements.
What does decriminalize mean?
To stop something from being illegal
Example: The campaign to decriminalize marijuana.
Provide a synonym for decriminalize.
- legitimize
- allow
- permit
- regulate
- sanction
- declare lawful
What does the verb ‘crunch’ mean?
To crush something noisily between your teeth
Example: She sucked an ice cube into her mouth, and crunched it loudly.
What is a financial crunch?
A situation that is very difficult because you do not have enough of something, especially time or money
Example: A financial crunch that could threaten the company’s future.
What does spur mean?
To encourage an activity or development or make it happen faster
Example: Rising consumer sales have the effect of spurring the economy to faster growth.
What is the meaning of reiteration?
Saying something again, usually to emphasize it
Example: At the meeting, there were some reiterations of past promises.
What is the definition of agrarian?
Relating to the land, especially the use of land for farming
Example: An agrarian place or country makes its money from farming rather than industry.
What does succor mean?
Help given to someone, especially someone who is suffering or in need
Example: Her organization gave succour and strength to those who had been emotionally damaged.
What does overshoot mean?
To go past a place that you want to get to by mistake
Example: The plane apparently overshot the runway after landing.
What is allocation?
The process of giving someone their part of a total amount of something to use in a particular way
Example: The allocation of resources/funds/time.
What is the meaning of outlay?
An amount of money spent for a particular purpose
Example: The weekly outlay on groceries.
What does arresting mean?
Very attractive in a way that attracts a lot of attention
Example: An arresting-looking woman.
What does it mean to tide over?
To help someone to work or operate normally through a difficult period
Example: Can you lend me some money to tide me over till the weekend?
What is a dissident?
A person who publicly disagrees with and criticizes their government
Example: Union dissidents have challenged the leadership of the current president.
What does dissidence refer to?
Protest against official policy
Example: Dissidence has been met with steady opposition.
What does it mean to retreat?
To go away from a place or person in order to escape from fighting or danger
Example: When she came towards me shouting, I retreated behind my desk.
What does take to mean?
To begin or fall into the habit of
Example: Recently he’s taken to wearing a cap.
What is the meaning of discontent?
Dissatisfaction with one’s circumstances
Example: Public discontent with the government is growing.
What is an amenity?
Useful or pleasant facilities or services
Example: The hotel has very good amenities.
What does austerity mean?
Difficult economic conditions created by government measures to reduce public expenditure
Example: People protested in the streets against austerity.
What does unprecedented mean?
Never done or known before
Example: Unprecedented economic growth.
What does unflinching refer to?
Not showing fear or hesitation in the face of danger or difficulty
Example: He has shown unflinching determination throughout the campaign.
What does herald mean?
To be a sign that something is about to happen
Example: The speech heralded a change in policy.
What does contemplate mean?
To consider doing something in the future
Example: I’m contemplating retirement next year.
What is the definition of exemplary?
Excellent or done in a way that other people should try to copy
Example: Exemplary behavior.
What does categorical mean?
Without any doubt or possibility of being changed
Example: A categorical statement/reply.
What does unrivalled mean?
Better than everyone or everything of the same type
Example: The museum boasts an unrivalled collection of French porcelain.
What does gadfly refer to?
Someone who deliberately annoys or challenges other people, especially those in authority
Example: Scientists are rather like gadflies in this matter.
What is the definition of dissent?
A strong difference of opinion on a particular subject, especially about an official suggestion or plan
Example: When the time came to approve the proposal, there were one or two voices of dissent.
What does righteous mean?
Morally correct
Example: He was regarded as a righteous and holy man.
What is certitude?
The state of being certain or confident
Example: It is impossible to predict the outcome of the negotiations with any degree of certitude.
What does ostensible mean?
Appearing or claiming to be one thing when it is really something else
Example: His ostensible purpose was charity, but his real goal was popularity.
What are concessions?
Something that is allowed or given up, often in order to end a disagreement
Example: Both sides involved in the conflict made some concessions in yesterday’s talks.
What does viability mean?
Ability to work successfully
Example: Rising costs are threatening the viability of many businesses.
What does augment mean?
To increase the size or value of something by adding something to it
Example: He augmented his summer income by painting houses.
What is a pivot?
A fixed point supporting something that turns or balances
Example: The former leader has become the pivot on which the country’s emerging political stability turns.
What does envisage mean?
To imagine or expect something in the future, especially something good
Example: It’s envisaged that building will start at the end of this year.
What does robust mean?
(Of a person or animal) strong and healthy, or (of an object or system) strong and unlikely to break or fail
Example: He looks robust and healthy enough.
What does loath mean?
Reluctant; unwilling
Example: I was loath to leave.
What does loathe mean?
To hate someone or something
Example: I loathe doing housework.
What is a vigil?
An act of staying awake, especially at night, in order to be with a person who is very ill or dying
Example: His parents kept vigil beside his bed for weeks before he died.
What does the term ‘loathe’ mean?
To hate, to detest
If you have loathe for something, you become loath.
Define ‘vigil’.
An act of staying awake, especially at night, to be with a person who is very ill, to protest, or to pray
Example: His parents kept vigil beside his bed for weeks before he died.
What are some synonyms for ‘vigil’?
- Observance
- Patrol
- Attention
- Awareness
- Duty
- Guard
- Lookout
- Monitoring
What does ‘wary’ mean?
Not completely trusting or certain about something or someone
Example: Dogs which have been mistreated often remain very wary of strangers.
List synonyms for ‘wary’.
- Suspicious
- Cautious
- Watchful
- Guarded
- Circumspect
- Prudent
- Vigilant
What is the definition of ‘summon’?
To officially order someone to come to a place, especially a court of law
Example: He has been summoned to appear in court on charges of incitement.
What is a ‘summons’?
An order to appear before a judge or magistrate
Example: The insurance company had issued a summons for unpaid mortgage repayments.
Define ‘rigorous’.
Careful to look at or consider every part of something to ensure it is correct or safe
Example: The rigorous testing of consumer products.
What does ‘abduct’ mean?
To take someone away from their home or family using force
Example: He was abducted at gunpoint.
List synonyms for ‘abduct’.
- Kidnap
- Shanghai
- Steal
- Seize
- Carry off
What does ‘obliterate’ mean?
To destroy something completely
Example: Whole villages were obliterated by fire.
Define ‘prerogative’.
Something that certain people are allowed to do or have, which is not possible for everyone
Example: In some countries, higher education is predominantly the prerogative of the rich.
What is the meaning of ‘impunity’?
Freedom from punishment or unpleasant results
Example: These gangs operate with apparent impunity.
Define ‘condemn’.
To criticize something or someone strongly for moral reasons
Example: Politicians have condemned the attacks.
What does ‘stricture’ refer to?
A restriction on a person or activity
Example: The strictures imposed by the British Board of Film Censors.
True or False: ‘Notwithstanding’ means despite the fact or thing mentioned.
True
What does ‘brazen’ mean?
Obvious, without any attempt to be hidden
Example: Brazen cheating.
Define ‘exonerate’.
To show or state that someone or something is not guilty of something
Example: The evidence completely exonerates the President.
What is ‘cognizance’?
The process by which you recognize and understand something
Example: The guests took cognizance of the snide remark.
What does ‘embolden’ mean?
To make someone feel confident enough to behave in a particular way
Example: Emboldened by drink, he walked over to speak to her.
Define ‘misdemeanor’.
A minor wrongdoing
Example: The player can expect a suspension for his latest misdemeanor.
List synonyms for ‘exemplary’.
- Perfect
- Ideal
- Model
- Faultless
- Flawless
- Impeccable
What does ‘mete out’ mean?
To give or order a punishment or make someone receive cruel treatment
Example: Severe penalties were meted out by the court.
Define ‘ameliorate’.
To make a bad or unpleasant situation better
Example: Foreign aid is badly needed to ameliorate the effects of the drought.
What does ‘extract’ mean?
To remove or take out something
Example: The oil which is extracted from olives is used for cooking.
Define ‘conundrum’.
A difficult problem that seems to have no solution
Example: Arranging childcare over the school holidays can be a real conundrum.
What does ‘exotic’ refer to?
Interesting or exciting because of being unusual or not familiar
Example: Exotic flowers/food/designs.
What is a ‘bulwark’?
Something serving as a defense or safeguard
Example: My savings were to be a bulwark against unemployment.
