Chaper 16

Question 1

19th century naturalist

Answer 1

Collected thousands of plants and animals, catalogued and described newly discovered species

Question 2

19th century naturalists noted

Answer 2

Unexplained patterns

Question 3

19th century naturalist had trouble with??

Answer 3

Classifying organisms

Question 4

Vestigial body parts

Answer 4

Have no apparent function, ex. Leg bones in snakes and take bones in humans

Question 5

Fossils

Answer 5

Deeper layers held fossils of simple marine life, while layers above held similar but more complex fossils most fossils are mineralize bones, teeth, shells, seeds, and spores, fossils are relatively rare so the fossil record will always be incomplete

Question 6

Charles David and Alfred Wallace

Answer 6

Independently postulated the theory of evolution by natural selection

Question 7

Evolution

Answer 7

Temporal changes

Question 8

Natural selection

Answer 8

Environmental pressures result in differential survival and reproduction of individuals

Question 9

Fitness

Answer 9

Individuals relative genetic contribution to future generations example ability to reproduce

Question 10

Adaptive traits or adaptations

Answer 10

Enhance an individual’s I.e. fitness make them better suited for a particular environment than other individuals

Question 11

Darwin

Answer 11

Published on the origin of species

Question 12

Fossils

Answer 12

Mineralized remains of ancient often extinct organisms

Question 13

Radiometric dating

Answer 13

Used to estimate the age of rocks and fossils by measuring Radioisotopes and decay of products

Question 14

Carbon dating

Answer 14

Reset fossils are still contain carbon can be dated using the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon 12

Question 15

The theory of plate tectonics

Answer 15

Continents drift occurs over time, New crust spreads outward from or oceanic regions forcing tectonic plates away from the ridge and onto trenches 10 cm a year

Question 16

Gonwana and Pangea

Answer 16

Theories that all continents were together at some point

Question 17

Geologic time

Answer 17

Provides a chronology of earths history that correlates geologic and evolutionary events