Chaper 12 Taking Good Care of My Body Flashcards
What are the main components of the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves
These components work together to control bodily functions.
What is the primary function of the brain?
Controls functions such as breathing by receiving and sending signals through the nerves
The brain is responsible for processing information and coordinating actions.
What role does the spinal cord play in the nervous system?
Connects the nerves from different parts of the body to the brain
The spinal cord is a crucial pathway for information traveling to and from the brain.
What do nerves do in the nervous system?
Carry signals between different parts of the body
Nerves enable communication between the brain and body, facilitating responses and actions.
Fill in the blank: The nervous system controls bodily functions by transmitting signals to and _______.
from different parts of our body
This transmission is essential for regulating bodily functions.
True or False: The nervous system only consists of the brain and spinal cord.
False
The nervous system also includes nerves, which play important roles.
What are the functions of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves?
Brain: controls breathing and processes information, Spinal cord: connects body to brain, Nerves: carry signals
Each component has a distinct but interconnected role in the nervous system.
How does the nervous system help us perform daily functions such as digestion?
By transmitting signals that regulate bodily processes
The nervous system coordinates actions like digestion through communication between organs.
What is a drug?
A substance that can cause changes to the functions of the body
Drugs can be medicinal or illegal, with varying effects on health.
What are the harmful effects of drug abuse on the human nervous system?
Drugs can damage nerves and affect the brain
This damage can lead to long-term neurological issues.
What is drug abuse?
Taking drugs in a way that harms health, including overconsuming medicinal drugs or consuming harmful drugs
Drug abuse can lead to addiction and various health problems.
How can drugs be administered into the body?
Swallowed, inhaled, or injected
Each method of administration can have different effects and risks.
What are medicinal drugs?
Drugs prescribed by a doctor to treat illnesses
These drugs are beneficial when used correctly but can be harmful if abused.
What are the consequences of drug abuse on individuals?
Depression
Individuals may experience a range of mental health issues due to drug abuse.
What are the consequences of drug abuse on families?
Physical abuse
Drug abuse can lead to increased conflict and violence within families.
What are the consequences of drug abuse on society?
Crime
Drug abuse can contribute to increased crime rates and societal instability.
What is one way to avoid drug abuse?
Show care and concern for personal health by avoiding drug abuse
Taking proactive steps to maintain health is crucial.
Fill in the blank: Taking drugs in a way that harms our health is called _______.
drug abuse
True or False: All drugs are harmful to our health.
False
Medicinal drugs can be beneficial when used appropriately.
What should individuals do regarding the recommended amount of drugs?
Do not take more than directed
Following dosage instructions is essential to avoid harm.
What psychological issue might drug abusers experience?
Depression
Drug abusers may have psychological issues such as depression and hallucinations.
What are withdrawal symptoms?
Unpleasant physical and mental effects
Withdrawal symptoms occur when drug abusers stop taking drugs.
List three physical symptoms drug abusers may experience during withdrawal.
- Sweating
- Shaking
- Vomiting
True or False: Drug abusers are at high risk of contracting diseases.
True
Drug abusers are at high risk of diseases such as AIDS.
What can increase the risk of disease transmission among drug abusers?
Sharing needles
Diseases spread when drug abusers share the needles used to inject drugs.
Fill in the blank: Drug abusers may become _______ to drugs.
addicted
What harmful effect of drug abuse is illustrated in Figure 12.4?
Depression
What is a common experience for drug abusers when they do not take drugs?
Uncontrolled sweating, shaking, and vomiting
What are some behavioral changes drug abusers may experience?
They may physically abuse their family members and commit crimes to get money for drugs.
This includes illegal activities like shoplifting and stealing.
How does drug abuse affect society?
It increases illegal activities, making society less safe.
Drug abusers may turn to crime to buy expensive drugs.
What is one harmful effect of drug abuse?
Drug abusers may harm themselves and others around them.
What is one action we can take to avoid drug abuse?
Saying ‘no’ firmly to anyone who offers drugs to you.
Fill in the blank: Understanding the harmful consequences of drug abuse and _______ the knowledge with others is a way to avoid drug abuse.
sharing
Who can you seek help from if you feel stressed instead of abusing drugs?
Trusted adults such as your family or teachers.
What healthy activities can help prevent drug abuse?
Engaging in sports or other healthy group activities.
True or False: Drug abusers may commit crimes to fund their drug use.
True
What can be detected through drug tests?
The presence of drugs in our body
Drug tests can indicate whether a person has taken drugs.
Name two examples of drug tests.
- Urine test
- Hair analysis
What is the detection window?
The period during which the drug can be detected
What factors influence the detection window of drugs?
- Type of drug
- Amount of drug in the body
- Frequency of use
- Age of the user
- Type of test used
How long can heroin and cocaine be detected in urine after use?
A few days
How long can traces of heroin and cocaine be detected in hair?
Months after drug use
What are the effects of stimulants?
- Allow one to stay awake and remain alert
- Lead to withdrawal symptoms such as extreme tiredness, hunger, and anxiety
- Damage the heart and nerves
- Cause fits, stroke, and death
Give an example of a stimulant drug.
Amphetamines (Ecstasy)
Fill in the blank: The type of drug can influence the _______ during which it can be detected.
detection window
True or False: Hair analysis can detect drug use for a longer period than urine tests.
True
What are the four main types of drugs mentioned?
Depressants, Narcotics, Hallucinogens, New psychoactive substances (NPS)
These categories encompass a range of substances with varying effects.
What are some effects of depressants?
• Cause drowsiness
• Cause one to become less alert
• Cause difficulty in concentrating
• Lead to increased reaction time
• Lead to withdrawal symptoms such as distorted thinking and anxiety
• Lead to sleep-inducing effect
• Lead to withdrawal symptoms such as insomnia, watery eyes and runny nose
Depressants can significantly impair cognitive and physical functions.
What are the potential health damages caused by drug abuse?
Damage the lungs, kidneys and liver
Long-term drug abuse can lead to severe organ damage and various health issues.
What effect do narcotics have on a person?
• Allow one to feel very energetic
• Cause confusion and hallucination
• Lead to withdrawal symptoms such as depression, anger and insomnia
Narcotics can create a false sense of energy while having debilitating withdrawal effects.
What are some examples of narcotics?
• Morphine
• Opium
• Heroin
These substances are commonly associated with addiction and severe withdrawal symptoms.
What are the effects of hallucinogens?
• Allow one to stay awake and remain alert
• Lead to withdrawal symptoms such as hallucinations, fatigue and insomnia
• Cause fits, stroke and death
Hallucinogens can lead to severe psychological and physical consequences.
What substances are classified as hallucinogens?
• Lysergide (LSD)
• K2
These substances are known for altering perception and consciousness.
True or False: In Singapore, it is legal to buy, sell or take drugs.
False
Drug-related activities are strictly illegal and punishable by law.
What are the potential legal consequences for drug consumption in Singapore?
A person may be sentenced to jail and/or fined
Legal repercussions can vary based on the severity of the offense.
What are the potential legal consequences for selling or distributing drugs in Singapore?
A person may be sentenced to jail, caning or even death
Singapore has very strict laws regarding drug trafficking.
What do nerves carry?
Signals between different parts of the body
What is a healthy way to cope with stress?
Engaging in sports or other healthy group activities
Who should you seek help from when feeling overwhelmed?
Trusted adults such as family or teachers
What should you understand about drug and alcohol use?
The harmful effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and smoking
How should one respond to offers of drugs, alcohol, or cigarettes?
Say ‘no’ to anyone who offers them
What can addiction to drugs lead to?
Contracting diseases and high risk of harm
What is a significant risk of drug use?
May turn to crime to buy drugs
What are some effects of alcohol abuse?
Blurred vision, slow reaction, and inability to think clearly
What is a major function of the brain?
Controls bodily functions
What are common consequences of smoking?
Bronchitis, lung cancer, and behavioral changes
What is passive smoking?
Consists of inhaling smoke from tobacco products used by others
What substances in tobacco are harmful?
- Nicotine
- Carbon monoxide
What happens to individuals who abuse drugs?
Cannot think and act clearly
Fill in the blank: The __________ contains a bundle of nerves that connects the body to the brain.
Spinal cord
True or False: Engaging in healthy activities can help manage stress.
True
What should be understood about smoking’s effects?
It can harm oneself and others around them
What are the psychological effects of drug abuse?
Changes in behavior and thought processes
