CHAP 9 HAZARDOUS WASTE AND ITS IMPACT Flashcards
defines hazardous waste as
(a) substances without any safe commercial,
industrial, agricultural, or economic usage
that are shipped, transported, or brought
from another country for dumping or
disposal; and
(b) by-products, residues, or consumer
discards that pose unreasonable risk or harm
to health, safety, and the environment.
The Toxic, Hazardous, and Nuclear Waste Control Act (RA 6969)
Globally. around _____________ tons of
hazardous waste are generated each
year
400 million
Various harmful chemicals possibly
present in our homes
Cleaning
Paint
Gardening
Automotive
General
It is
- Disinfectants
- Drain,toilet, and window cleaners
- Spotremovers
- Septic tank cleaners
CLEANING
Latex and oil-based paints
Paintthinners, solvents, and strippers
Stains, varnishes, and lacquers
Wood preservatives
Artist paints and inks
PAINT
Pesticides
Weedkillers
Ant and rodent killers
Flea powders
GARDENING
Gasoline
Used motor oil
Antifreeze
Battery acid
Solvents
Brake and transmission fluid
Rustinhibitor and rustremover
AUTOMOTIVE
Dry-cell batteries (mercury and
cadmium)
Glues and cements
GENERAL
Impacts of Hazardous Waste on Human Health
Skin Absorption
Inhalation
Ingestion
Injection or Puncture Wounds
Direct contact to hazardous waste can cause toxic symptoms
SKIN ABSORPTION
Hazardous compounds can enter the respiratory system by the inhalation of airborne pollutants
INHALATION
Toxic compounds that may build up in the body over time due to contaminated food ingestion
INGESTION
An intentional contact with sharp ends of hazardous wastes
INJECTION OR PUNCTURE WOUNDS
Effects to human health
Acute Effect
Chronic Effect
Acute Effects
Eye and skin irritation
chemical burns
difficulty breathing
Headaches and nausea
behavioral abnormality
Chronic Effects
Cancer
genetic mutation
physiological malfunction
physical deformation
birth defects
Populations most vulnerable to hazardous waste
People living in poverty
children
women
workers
minority and indigenous communities
When and where was the world’s worst industrial accident at union carbide pesticide plant which was caused by the explosion of toxic methyl isocyanate gas due to faulty valves and corroded pipes where water leakage triggered a chemical reaction releasing toxic gas into the atmosphere and some mic converted into more deadly hydrogen cyanide gas
Dec 2, 1984
Union Carbide Pesticide Plant, Bhopal, India
IMPACT
Affected ______ of Bhopal exposing up to ________ people including illegal squatters near the
78 km²
600,000
IMPACTS
_________ immediate deaths total fatalities by 2003 estimated at _________
8,000
23,000
______________ people suffer chronic illnesses _____________ sustained permanent injuries like blindness lung damage and neurological issues
120,000 to 150,000
50,000 to 60,000
Impacts of hazardous waste on the environment
Water pollution
fires
short term effects
long term effects
Hazards entering our water systems makes the water unsafe for drinking and agriculture
WATER POLLUTION
Some other hazardous waste is flammable. it has the potential to ignite or explode causing a fire
FIRES
Substances produce toxic effects after just one release this is what we refer to as “acute toxicity”
SHORT TERM EFFECTS
Long term effects on the environment include signs of mutation in animals and other organisms. this is also called “chronic toxicity”
LONG TERM EFFECTS
Hazardous waste disposal practices
Underground disposal
landfill disposal
ocean dumping
deep well injection
surface impoundments
incineration
encapsulation
macroencapsulation
- strong and cause effective option
- medical treatments, laboratory experiments, nuclear fuel production, or radioactive ore mining
UNDERGROUND DISPOSAL
It is the most common and oldest method not intended for liquid waste
LANDFILL DISPOSAL
It is to prevent groundwater contamination
OCEAN DUMPING
It pumps liquid hazardous waste deep into the earth
DEEP-WELL INJECTION
Depressions used to treat/store/dispose hazardous waste (liquid)
SURFACE IMPOUNDMENTS
It burns hazardous waste at high temperature
INCINERATION
It encloses hazardous waste in a solid material to prevent the release of contaminants into environment
ENCAPSULATION
It encloses large volumes of hazardous waste
MACROENCAPSULATION
Laws and Regulations
RA 6969
RA 9003
DAO No. 29, Series of 1993
DAO No. 2013-22
It regulates the handling, treatment, and disposal of toxic and hazardous substances, and requires business to report their use of such materials
Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 (RA 9696)
It establishes a national solid waste management system, including provisions for hazardous waste disposal, labeling, and collection
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (RA 9003)
Practical ways to reduce hazardous waste input into the environment
Use pesticides minimally
Opt for less harmful household alternatives
Proper disposal of hazardous chemicals
