Chap 7.8.9 Flashcards
What 3 things has research demonstrated regarding circuit training?
Just as beneficial as traditional cardiorespiratory training; produces greater levels of EPOC and strength; produces near identical caloric expenditure when compared with walking at a fast pace
The normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allow full range of motion of a joint
Flexibility
What is developed when clients demonstrate poor flexibility?
Relative flexibility
The body’s ability to produce, reduce, and stabilizes forces in all three planes of motion
Neuromuscular efficiency
The process when neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles
Autogenic inhibition
What are 8 reasons for the incorporation of flexibility training?
Correct muscle imbalances; increase joint range of motion; decrease tension of muscles; relieve joint stress; improve extensibility; maintain normal functional length of muscles; improve optimum neuromuscular efficiency; improve function
What is the repair process initiated by dysfunction within the connective tissue of the kinetic chain that is treated by the body as an injury?
Cumulative injury cycle
The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns
Relative flexibility
The concept of muscle inhibition, caused by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist
Altered reciprocal inhibition
Altered reciprocal inhibition, synergistic dominance, and arthrokinetic dysfunction all lead to what?
Muscle imbalance
Consistently repeating the same pattern of motion, which may place abnormal stresses on the body
Pattern overload
Law that states soft tissue models along lines of stress
Davis’s law
What are the 3 phases of the integrated flexibility continuum?
Corrective flexibility, active flexibility, functional flexibility
The type of flexibility designed to improve extensibility of soft tissue and increase neuromuscular efficiency by using reciprocal inhibition
Active flexibility
What are 2 techniques used in corrective flexibility?
Static stretching and SMR (self-myofascial release)
What stretching technique uses agonist and synergist muscles to move a limb through its entire range of motion while stretching the functional antagonist?
Active-isolated stretching
What stretching technique uses functional movements to move the body through a full range of motion at realistic speeds?
Dynamic stretching
What type of flexibility is developed during Phase 1 of the OPT model?
Corrective flexibility
Which stretching technique is used during Phases 2, 3, and 4 of the OPT model?
Active-isolated stretching
Which stretching technique is used during Phase 5 of the OPT model?
Dynamic stretching
Stretching technique that focuses on the neural system and fascial system of the body by applying gentle force to an adhesion
Self-myofascial release
What is the minimum amount of time static stretches should be held?
30 seconds
What are 3 things a client should have established prior to incorporating dynamic stretching into a program?
Good levels of tissue extensibility, core stability, balance capabilities
What is the minimum duration pressure should be sustained on adhesions while performing self-myofascial release?
30 seconds
Which heart rate training zone builds aerobic base and aids in recovery?
Zone One
Which heart rate training zone increases endurance and trains the anaerobic threshold?
Zone two
Which heart rate training zone builds high-end work capacity?
Zone three
What prepares body and mind for physical activity, increases heart and respiration rates, increases body temperature?
The warm-up
What workout component consists of movement activities that get heart rate up, such as walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike?
General warm-up
What workout component consists of stretching movements that mimic the activity to be performed later in the workout?
Specific warm-up
What are some general warm-up recommendations?
5 to 10 minutes at low-to-moderate intensity
What are the warm-up steps for a Stabilization-level client?
SMR, static stretching, 5-10 minutes light cardio
What are the warm-up steps for a Strength-level client?
SMR, active-isolated stretching, 5-10 minutes light cardio
What are the warm-up steps for a Power-level client?
SMR, 3-10 dynamic stretches
What are 3 reasons to perform cardiorespiratory exercise?
Lose weight, reduce stress, improve health
What is the often overlooked segment of a workout that provides the body with a smooth transition from exercise back to a steady state of rest?
Cool-down
What are some suggested steps for cool-down?
5-10 minutes light cardio, SMR, static stretching
For what does the FITTE principle for cardiorespiratory exercise stand?
Frequency, intensity, time, type, and enjoyment+
What is the recommended frequency for cardiorespiratory training?
General health: daily, for small quantities of time, at moderate intensity — To improve fitness: 3 - 5 days per week, at high intensity
The level of demand that activity places on the body
Intensity
What uses the Borg scale to rate how hard one is training?
Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)
An informal method used to gauge exercise training intensity
Talk test
What stage improves cardio fitness levels using HR zone 1?
Stage 1
What stage is best for people with low-to-moderate cardio fitness levels who are ready to begin training at higher intensities, moves in and out of zones 1 and 2, intro to interval training?
Stage II
For advanced exercisers, what stage uses all three heart rate zones for maximal cardiorespiratory improvement, used at Power level, includes HIIT?
Stage III
With what stage should Stage II training alternate every other day?
Stage I
Stage II intervals should have what work: rest ratio?
Start with 1:3, progress to 1:2 and eventually 1:1
What is just as beneficial as traditional cardio for health?
Circuit training
Which structures make up the core?
Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, including the lumbar spine, the pelvic girdle, abdomen, and the hip joint
What are the structures of the LPHC?
Lumbar spine, pelvic girdle, abdomen, hip joint
Which muscles directly attach to the vertebrae and stabilize the spine?
Local stabilization musculature
Pulling the navel toward the spine to increase core stability
Drawing-in maneuver
What is the reflex that realigns the eyes by anteriorly rotating the pelvis when the cervical spine is in extension?
Pelvo-ocular reflex
Co-contraction of core movement muscles to increase LPHC stability
Abdominal bracing
What are 4 core exercises in the strength level?
Ball crunch; Back extensions; Reverse crunch; Cable rotations
Which characteristics help identify exercises in the core-stabilization level?
Involve little motion through the spine and pelvis
What are 4 core-stabilization exercises?
Marching, Floor bridge, Floor prone cobra, Prone iso-Abs
What are 4 core-power exercises?
Rotation chest pass, Ball medicine ball pullover throw, Front medicine ball oblique throw, Soccer throw
Core-power exercises are easily identified by:
Explosive movements with medicine ball
Exercises with little to no motion of the spine and pelvis used to improve neuromuscular efficiency and intervertebral stability
Core-stabilization
What are 3 primary goals of a core training program?
Develop neuromuscular efficiency, intervertebral and LPHC stability, and functional strength
On what should core training focus?
Quality of movement
What is the primary goal of core-power training?
Develop the ability to stabilize and generate force at functionally applicable speeds
Practicing self-myofascial release through the use of a foam roller creates autogenic inhibition by which of the following?
Stimulating the Golgi tendon organ
Dynamic stretching improves soft tissue extensibility by using which of the following?
Reciprocal inhibition
At what angle should the knees be when performing a ball crunch exercise?
90 degrees
Performing the drawing-in maneuver or bracing can do what?
Help retrain motor control of local and global stabilization systems
What requires a client to perform cardiorespiratory exericse at maximal effort while monitoring ventilation response?
Peak VO2 method
Where should the foam roll be placed for the latissimus dorsi?
Under the arm
Which of the following training types involves little motion through the spine and pelvis
Core-stabilization
What are the muscles of the global movement system primarily responsible for?
Transferring loads between the upper and lower extremities
Which of the following cues is appropriate to give a client who will be performing a floor bridge exercise?
Squeeze the glutes
What type of flexibility training occurs during power phase of the OPT Model?
Functional flexibility
What is the focus in stage II of cardiorespiratory training?
Increasing capacity needed for Strength-Level exercise
What does FITTE stand for?
Frequency, intensity, time, type and excitement
exercise techniques involves lying on one’s back and raising the hips off a bench?
The reverse crunch
What has the objective of uniformly strengthening the deep and superficial muscles that stabilize, align, and move the trunk of the body?
Core training
