chap 6

Question 1

going down a group of the periodic table what patterns would you notice?

Answer 1

• atomic size increases
• ionic size increases
• ionization enegry decreases
• electronegativity decreases
• nuclear charge increases
• shielding increases

Question 2

Going across a period what patterns would you notice?

Answer 2

• Atomic size decreases
• ionization energy increases
• electronegativity increases
• nuclear charge increases
• shielding is constant

Question 3

elements were first classified according to what

Answer 3

their properties

Question 4

who created the periodic table

Answer 4

Mendeleev

Question 5

on mendeleevs periodic table how were elements placed

Answer 5

in increasing atomic mass

Question 6

what did Mendeleev discover thru his table

Answer 6

the properties of unknown elenments

Question 7

what is the modern day table organized by

Answer 7

atomic number

Question 8

metals are…

Answer 8

good conductors and many are ductile and malleable

Question 9

nonmetals are…

Answer 9

mostly gase whose properties are opposite to those of metals

Question 10

metaloids can…

Answer 10

behave like metals or nonmetals depending on condition

Question 11

How many elements had been identified by the year 1700?

Answer 11

13

Question 12

What caused the rate of discovery to increase after 1700?

Answer 12

Chemists began to use scientific methods to search for elements

Question 13

What did chemists use to sort elements into groups?

Answer 13

Chemists used the properties of elements.

Question 14

Who was Dmitri Mendeleev?

Answer 14

he created a periodic table

Question 15

What property did Mendeleev use to organize the elements into a periodic table?

Answer 15

arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mas

Question 16

what are 3 things u can name by looking at an element on the periodic table

Answer 16

• atomic number
• atomic mass
• what type of element it is

Question 17

what is a valence electron

Answer 17

outer edge

Question 18

Why are Group A elements called representative elements?

Answer 18

They exhibit a wide range of physical and chemical properties

Question 19

Description of Electron Configuration for noble gases

Answer 19

s or p sublevels are filled

Question 20

Description of Electron Configuration for Representative elements

Answer 20

s or p sublevels are only partially filled

Question 21

Description of Electron Configuration for transition metals

Answer 21

s sublevel and nearby d sublevel contain electrons

Question 22

Description of Electron Configuration for inner transition metals

Answer 22

s sublevel and nearby f sublevel contain electrons

Question 23

letter of the elements found in the p block

Answer 23

Groups 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A except helium

Question 24

Ions form when…

Answer 24

atoms gain or lose electrons.

Question 25

A positively charged cation forms

Answer 25

when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Question 26

negatively charged anion forms

Answer 26

s when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Question 27

First ionization energy

Answer 27

is the amount of energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom

Question 28

Ionization energy tends to decrease from

Answer 28

top to bottom within a group an increase from left to right across a period.

Question 29

A cation is

Answer 29

smaller than the atom that formed it

Question 30

an anion

Answer 30

is larger than the atom that formed it.

Question 31

Ionic size generally increases

Answer 31

from top to bottom within a group

Question 32

Ionic size generally decreases

Answer 32

from left to right across a period.

Question 33

Electronegativity tends to decrease from

Answer 33

top to bottom

Question 34

Electronegativity tends to increase from

Answer 34

from left to right across a period.

Question 35

What is the general trend in atomic size within a group?

Answer 35

The atomic size increases within a group as atomic number increases. The atomic size decreases from left to right across a period

Question 36

What are the two variables that affect atomic size within a group?

Answer 36

- the charge on the nucleus - the number of occupied energy levels

Question 37

What is an ion?

Answer 37

an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge

Question 38

How are ions formed

Answer 38

An ion is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms.

Question 39

An ion with a positive charge is called a(n)

Answer 39

cation

Question 40

an ion with a negative charge is called a(n)

Answer 40

anion

Question 41

anions

Answer 41

- neg - nonmetal - minus sign

Question 42

cations

Answer 42

- pos - metal - plus sign

Question 43

Why does ionization energy tend to decrease from top to bottom within a group?

Answer 43

Atomic size increases from top to bottom within a group. The nuclear charge has a smaller effect on the electrons in the highest occupied energy level, so less energy is required to remove an electron.