Chap 49

Question 1

Osmolality

Answer 1

Is how our bodies regulate how much water we need by measuring the sodium and potassium concentrations outside Na and inside K

Question 2

Hypovolemia

Answer 2

Our bodies lose both salt and water and need to replace both salt and water

Question 3

Osmoreceptors

Answer 3

Specialized neurons that can sense and increase in extracellular osmolaity.

Question 4

Leptin

Answer 4

Hormone produced by white adipocytes and regulates food intake by reducing it while increasing energy

Question 5

Insulin

Answer 5

Is a hormone that is releaaes by the pamcreas and playes a role in reducing food intake

Question 6

NYP and AGRP

Answer 6

Promote energy storage

Question 7

MSH and CART

Answer 7

Promote usage of energy stores

Question 8

Cholecystokinin

Answer 8

secreted during meals; slows gastric emptying; involved in patterning of meals through vagal nerve input to the brain stem.

Question 9

Ghrelin

Answer 9

initiates eating. Receptors in acuate nucleus, PVN, and dorsal vagal complex.

Question 10

What inhibit AMPK activity

Answer 10

Leptin, insulin, and high glucose level

Question 11

Where does dopamine release from

Answer 11

the VTA (ventral tegmental area) which projects to the nucleus accumbens, basal forebrain, and the prefrontal cortex.

Question 12

Dopamine receptors are found where

Answer 12

D1 and D2, are GPCRs and are found the striatum, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex