chap 4 - revisited

Question 1

what is a conditional?

Answer 1

conditionals are if else statements that must be met in order for something to take place.

Question 2

when using a conditional with multiple if statements then how do the else statements interact with those if statements?

Answer 2

the else automatically associates with the most recently used if statement.
..to force an else statement to work with a prior if statement then we must use ( ) around the nested if statements so that they dont associate with the else statement.
example:
if (argument here)
if (argument here)
else (*output here);
^^the else statement will work with the second if statement and not the 1st unless we put ( ) around the second nested if statement.

Question 3

what are nested if statements?

Answer 3

when an if statement is followed by another if statement before an else statement.

Question 4

what is the structure of an If statement?

Answer 4

If statement:
if –> conditional –> statement

conditional uses boolean arguments often.

Question 5

example of a conditional where the variable conditional is less than 17
then print to the screen “the conditions have been met”

Answer 5

if (conditional < 17)

System.out.println(“The conditions have been met”);

Question 6

when using a conditional is there a way to have operators for: and .. or statements?

Answer 6

yes the operators used:
&& and
|| OR

Question 7

block statement? is what?

Answer 7

block statement:

group of statements and declarations deliminated (within) braces { }.

Question 8

what are nested if statements?

Answer 8

nested if statements:

an if condition with another if statement within its body.

Question 9

when using nested if statements does the else statement line up with the first if ?

Answer 9

the else statement always matches up with the closest unmatched if statement unless ( ) are used to force otherwise.

Question 10

how to stop an infinite loop in a program what do you do?

Answer 10

press CTRL + C

Question 11

what is the format of a while loop?

Answer 11

while (boolean argument)
{ what happens such as adding one
This is the body of the loop that is executed until the boolean is met.}

Question 12

what is an infinite or endless loop?

Answer 12

an error where a while loop never ends due to a logic error.

Question 13

what are the sections of a for loop? (3)

Answer 13

initialization – initializes a variable with a value
Condition – basically a boolean
increment — the variable with ++ one added on,

Question 14

what are the sections of a for loop? (3)

Answer 14

initialization – initializes a variable with a value
Condition – a boolean
increment — the variable with ++ one (or other amount) added on After
The body of the loop is executed each time.