Chap 4-6 Flashcards
Coercive Acts/Intolerable Acts
Issued by the British government in response to the colonial tea parties
Articles of Confederation (1781)
Lead to a relatively weak federal government because it included no mechanism of taxation to fund the federal government
Shays’ Rebellion
Strengthen the position of the Federalist
Great Compromise
Each state represented by 2 Senators regardless of the state’s population
Federalists “Layers of Government”
- Favored a stronger central government
Marbury v Madison
-Created the concept of judical review
Marbury: Sued the gov. which led to Marshall ruling that supreme court reserved right to decide whether an act of congress violated constituiton, assuming the power of judical review.
Stono Rebellion
- A resistance to slavery occuring in 1739 in South Carolina
- Dealt with by militia violence and tighter control of slave life
Great Awakening
Had the effect of promotion of individualism and anti-authoritarism
Enlightenment
Intellectual and cultural movement in the 18th century emphasizing reason over superstition and science over blind faith
* Combined with the Great Awakening to challenge older ideas about authority
Seven Years War / French and Indian War (IN AMERICA)
Constant conflict between England and France developed in 1754 fighting in colonies and in Europe
- Contributed to a feeling of the colonies as a single unit, separate from England
- Caused when British colonists and Native’s killed a French diplomat over a fued of boundaries
- Ended with peace treaties of Paris and Hubertusburg in 1763 -> Britain gaining control of former French territory
Made British regulate and tax colonies more closely
Royal Proclamation of 1763
Prevented colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains
Stamp Act
Sawn as an escalation regarding British interference in colonial affairs because it was the first tax that taxed the colonies’ internal economic activity
Boston Massacre
Situation where British soldiers came to aid the sentry who the crowd had been vandalizing, but since the crowd was hostile, they fired shots.
- Best example of the ”continental conversation”
-Caused by British efforts to quell rebellion, parliament increasing taxes
Continental Association
Most radical document of the period. It sought to unite and direct twelve revolutionary government, establish economic and moral policies, and empower common colonists by giving them an important and unpredented degree of on-the-ground political power.
Common Sense
Thomas’s Paine’s pamphlet that declared opposition to England and the “folly of hereditary rights in Kings”
James Madison
A nationalist of Virginia and political figure that assisted in dealing with the Shays’s Rebellion.
- Produced new national constitution called the Virginia Plan
- Supported Bill of Rights
Anti-federalists
- Favored a weaker government
Dirty Compromise
- Protected slave trade for 20 years following Constitutional ratification in exchange for allowing passage of commerical legislation by New England states.
Alexander Hamilton
- Federalist
- Believed that creating a strong central gov would of meant tying the interests of the wealthy to the health of the government.
- Advocated two controversial main policies
1. Federal Government’s assumption of the States’ war debt
2. Creation of a central Bank of the United States
Whiskey Rebellion
- Caused by excise tax on whiskey in western Pennsylvania
- Show that the federal gov was capable of quelling internal unrest
Alien and Sedition Acts
Two laws passed in 1798 intending to prevent French agents from compromising America resistance, also attacking Americans who criticzed the president and Federalist party
Alien: deport foreign nationals who deemed to pose a national security threat
Seditation: Prosecute found to be speaking or publishing malicious propaganda against gov
