Chap 3 Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is an atom?

Answer 1

An atom is the smallest building block of all matter

Question 2

What is the relative mass and relative charge of a proton?

Answer 2

A proton has a relative mass of 1 and a relative charge of +1

Question 3

What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?

Answer 3

A neutron has a relative mass of 1 and a relative charge of 0

Question 4

What is the relative mass and charge of an electron?

Answer 4

An electron has a negligible mass and a relative charge of -1

Question 5

Is the nucleus of an atom positively charged?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

In a neutral atom, the number of protons equals to the number of elctrons.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are isotopes?

Answer 7

Isotopes are defined as “two or more atoms with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons”. As a result, they have identical chemical properties, but different atomic mass (different physical properties)

Question 8

What is an ion?

Answer 8

Atoms gain stability by taking in or giving off electrons, and in doing so, the number of protons is no longer equal to the number of electrons. This leaves the atom (or molecule) with a net positive charge or net negative charge.

Question 9

What are protons and neutrons known as?

Answer 9

Nucleons

Question 10

What is a mass number?

Answer 10

The mass of one particular atom

Question 11

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 11

The average mass of all the various isotopes of the same elements, according to their percentage abundance.

Question 12

What are anions?

Answer 12

Atoms which gain (take in) electrons and become negative ions.

Question 13

What are cations?

Answer 13

Atoms which lose (give out) electrons become positive ions.