Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

1140 - COMMON HEALTH CHALLENGES > CHAP 22. MEDICAL TERM > Flashcards

CHAP 22. MEDICAL TERM Flashcards

1
Q

Itis

A

Inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Derma

A

Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aphasia

A

The partial or complete loss of speech and skills caused by brain injury.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Apraxia

A

Inability to move the muscles used to speak; usually caused by a brain injury.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dysarthria

A

Difficulty in speaking caused by weakness or paralysis in the muscles used for speech.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Presbyopia

A

Gradual inability to focus on close objects.
Natural lens becomes less flexible.
Normal decline in vision at 40+.
Needs reading glasses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diabetic Retinopathy

A

Usually caused by diabetes type 1.
Damage to blood vessels - blood leaks from blood vessels.
New blood vessels grow over retina -> creates scar tissue.
Routine eye exams.
Manage diabetes / Timely treatment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the clear membrane that covers the white part of eye and lines the eyelids.
“Pink eye” - redness in the white part of the eye, increases tear production, eye discharge.
Caused by virus, bacteria, allergies.
Contagious+++

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD / ARMD)

A

Macula (central part of the retina) breaks down, responsible for sharp and central vision.
Most common cause of blindness in people over 35.
Gradual / sudden onset; progressive. No cure.
May retain some peripheral vision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cataracts

A

“Waterfall”
Lens becomes cloudy
S/S : blurring, dimming of vision, diffuclty seeing at night, sensitivity to light.
TX: surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glaucoma

A

Causes increased pressure in eye -> optic nerve damage.
S/S: tunnel vision, blurred vision, halos around lights.
TX: meds, sugery (aims to prevent further damage).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cerumen

A

Ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Temporary hearing impairment

A

Hearing loss due to build up of cerumen.
Temporary until wax is removed.
Affects both hearing and balance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Presbycusis

A

Gradual loss of hearing associated w/ aging.
Changes to inner ear and auditory nerve, no cure.
Hearing aids can help.
Regular checkups are essential for early detection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Meniere’s disease

A

Increase of fluid in the inner ear.
- causes pressure in middle ear
- results in vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss.
Impairment
- dizziness can result in a fall.
- chronic illness - symptoms vary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tinnitus (occurs in otosclerosis)

A

Ringing in the ear
Caused by abdominal stimulation of ear structues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Condition where there is an abnormal formation of new bone in the ear.
Results in progressive loss of hearing.
TX: surgery can help.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Shearing

A

When forces moving in opposite directions are applied to tissues in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pressure sores

A

Pressure ulcers.
Any injury caused by unrelieved pressure that usually occurs over a body prominence.
Which is an area when the bone seems to “stick out” and is compressed under the client/between the client’s folds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Pressure injury.
Localized skin / soft tissue injury that form as a result of prolonged pressure and shear.
Exerted over bony prominences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

4 major types of wound drainage

A

Serosanguinous

Sanguineous

Serous

Purulent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Major complications of wounds?

A

Infection.
Overgrowth of scar tissues - keloid.
Gangrene- tissue death (require amputation.
Bleeding, sepsis, tetanus, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 Ear components

A

External ear- outer ear, external auditory canal and ear drum. Hair and oil glands as protection.

Middle ear- air filled cavity. Small bones - malleus, incus and stapes.

Internal ear - (labyrinth) semicircular canals and cochlea - contains receptors for hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

External ear

A

Outer ear.
Glands located here secrete Cerumen (ear wax).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
S/S of Pressure sores (STAGES)
1. Skin is red, color doesnt return to normal when the skin is relieved of pressure. 2. Skin cracks, blisters, or peels (shallow crater). 3. Skin is gone and underlying tissues are exposed and damaged. (May have drainage). 4. Muscles and bones are exposed and damaged. (Drainage is likely)
26
Skin tear
Break/rip in skin, epidermis separates from the underlying tissue.
27
Laceration
Open wound w/ torn tissues and jagged edges.
28
Incision
Open would with clean, straight edges; intential created.
29
Contusion
Bruise. Closed would caused bu a blow/hit to the body.
30
Abrasion
Partial-thickness wound caused by the scaring away or rubbing of skin.
31
Trauma
An accident/violent act that injuries skin, mucous membranes, bones or internal organs or causes an emotionally painful distressful, or shocking results which often leads to lasting mental / physical effects.
32
Punture wound
Closed wound causes by a sharp, pointy object, prone to infection; (usually do not bleed a lot).
33
Penetrating wound
Open wound / varies from superficial puntures to deep penetration of body systems (knife / bullet).
34
Wound
Injury to living tissue caused bu a cut, blow or other impact, typically one in which thr skin is cut or broken. Penetrating & Puncture
35
Prefix
A word element places at the beginning of a word that changes the meaning of the word.
36
Word element
Part of a word.
37
OD
Everyday
38
D/C
Discharge
39
Auto
Self
40
Circum
Around
41
Contra
Against, opposite
42
Ante
Before, forward, in front of
43
Anti
Against
44
Hyper
Excessive, too much, high
45
Hypo
Under, decreased, less than normal
46
Hemi
Half
47
Micro
Small
48
Anatomical position
The body is standing erect, face forward, arms at the sides and the toes abd palms of hands facing forward.
49
Superior
Situated above another structure. The upper part of the body.
50
Inferior
Situated below another structure. The lower part of the body.
51
Anterior
The front surface of the body; often used to indicate the position of one’s structure in relation to another.
52
What does the Cell require?
Water Oxygen (breathes) Nutrients (digests) Eliminates wastes Reproduces
53
4 Main units of the human body?
Cells Tissues Oragans Systems
54
Chromosomes?
Located inside nucleus. 46 chromosomes in cell. DNA & Genes & inherited traits. XX - Female XY - Male
55
4 basic types of tissues?
Connective - anchors, connects, supports other tissues Epithelial - protects/ covers internal and external body surfaces. Muscle - movement thru contractions. Nerve - Main component of brain, spinal cord, and all nerve endings in the body. relay information.
56
Homeostasis ?
Stable state. All organs & systems work well together. Essential for all Organs to function as needed. Ex. Hot - sweat. Cold - Shiver
57
Body cavities and types?
Ventral - thoracic, abdominal, pelvic Dorsal - cranial, spinal
58
How to divide abdomin cavity?
(using one median sagittal plan & one transverse line) RUQ - right upper quadrant LUQ - left upper quadrant RLQ - right lower quadrant LLQ - left lower quadrant
59
Contractures
A permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skins, and nearby tissues that causes joints to shorten and become very stiff.
60
What are the organs of the integumentary system?
Skin Nails Hair Glands (sweat & oil) Nerves (nerve endings for sensory)
61
3 layers of skin? (Integumentary system)
Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue (hypodermis)
62
Funtions of the Skin?
Provides protection - barrier against mechanical, thermal and physical injury / hazard substances. Nerve endings -give warning of dangers. Senses heat, cold, touch pain. Elimination - takes away toxins from body that accumulated from different body funtions. Regulation of body temperature. Hair. Nails. Sweat glands. Oil glands. Nerve endings

1140 - COMMON HEALTH CHALLENGES (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions