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Gen and Oral Path > Chap 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Chap 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Abscess

A

Purulent exudate (pus)
Accumulated in contained space
Formed by surrounding tissue

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2
Q

Actinic

A

chemical change from radiant energy
ex: exposure to sunlight UV rays

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3
Q

Acute

A

short duration

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4
Q

Angiogenesis

A

formation and differentiation of blood vessels

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5
Q

Apoptosis

A

programmed cell death

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6
Q

Atrophy

A

abnormal decrease in number of cells in organ/tissue

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7
Q

Chemotaxis

A

movement of WBC’s directed by biochemical mediators to an area of injury

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8
Q

Chronic

A

long duration

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9
Q

Crenation

A

indentations or grooves
seen on side of tongue
caused by irritation of adj. teeth

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10
Q

Cyst

A

abnormal sac/cavity
lined by epithelium
surrounded by fibrous connective tissue

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11
Q

Cytolysis

A

dissolution or destruction of a cell

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12
Q

Demastication

A

when tooth wear is increased by chewing an abrasive surface

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13
Q

Edema

A

SWELLING
excess level of plasma/exudate in interstitial space

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14
Q

Emigration

A

passage of WBC’s thru walls of small blood vessels to injured area/tissue

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15
Q

Erythema

A

abnormal redness

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16
Q

Exudate

A

body fluid with high protein content
consists of serum containing WBC’s, fibrin, and other protein molecules
leaves microcirculation during an inflammatory response

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17
Q

Fever

A

elevated body temp above 98.6 F or 37 C

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18
Q

Fibroblasts

A

cells that form fibers and intercellular substance

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19
Q

Fibroplasia

A

formation of fibrous tissue usually occurs in healing

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20
Q

Fistula

A

abnormal passage leading from an abscess to outside body surface

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21
Q

Granuloma

A

tumorlike mass of inflammatory tissue
consists of a central collection of macrophages, multinucleated giant cells
surrounded by lymphocytes

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22
Q

Hyperemia

A

excess of blood within blood vessels

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23
Q

Hyperplasia

A

enlargement of a tissue/organ
resulting from an increase in number of cells
result of increased cell division

24
Q

Hypertrophy

A

enlargement of a tissue/organ
resulting from an increase in the size of its individual cells
NOT in number of cells

25
Q

Inflammation

A

nonspecific response
involves microcirculation and its blood cells

26
Q

Keloid

A

excessive scarring
mainly occurs in skin in some cases of healing

27
Q

Leukocytosis

A

increase in number of WBC’s in circulating blood

28
Q

Leukopenia

A

Condition
abnormally low levels of WBC’s in circulating blood

29
Q

Local

A

disease process
confined/limited to a specific location
NOT systemic or general

30
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

abnormal enlargement of lymph node(s)

31
Q

Macrophage

A

large
tissue bound
mononuclear phagocyte derived from monocytes
can be mobile with inflammation
interacts w/ lymphocytes in immune response for inflammation

32
Q

Margination

A

process during inflammation where WBC’s tend to move to the periphery of blood vessels at the site of an injury

33
Q

Microcirculation

A

small blood vessels, arterioles, capillaries, and venules of the vascular system

34
Q

Myofibroblasts

A

fibroblasts w/ some characteristics of smooth muscle cells
ex: ability to contract

35
Q

Necrosis

A

pathological death of one or more cells
results from irreversible damage to the cells

36
Q

Neutrophil

A

1st WBC to arrive at site of injury
primary cell involved in acute inflammation
aka PMN or polymorphonuclear leukocyte

37
Q

Opacification

A

process of becoming opaque

38
Q

Opsonization

A

enhancement of phagocytosis by a process in which a pathogen is marked for destruction by phagocytes

39
Q

Osteoblasts

A

cells the form bones

40
Q

Parulis

A

collection of granulation tissue and abscessed material
on the gingiva
originates from chronically inflamed tooth
spreads via fistulous tract
aka gum boil

41
Q

Pavementing

A

adherence of WBC’s to blood vessel walls during inflammation

42
Q

Perimolysis

A

dental erosion caused by gastric acid

43
Q

Peripheral

A

indicates that a lesion is within the gingival tissue or alveolar mucosa and outside bone

44
Q

Phagocytosis

A

indigestion/digestion of particular material by cells

45
Q

Pyrogens

A

fever-inducing substances
produced by either WBC’s or pathogenic microorganisms

46
Q

Radicular

A

pertaining to the root of a tooth

47
Q

Regeneration

A

process by which injured tissue is replaced w/ tissue identical to that present before the injury

48
Q

Serous exudate

A

exudate that has a watery consistency
resembles serum

49
Q

Systemic

A

pertaining to or affecting the WHOLE body
or disease process doing so

50
Q

Tail sign

A

involvement of the sublingual space (floor of mouth area by a plunging ranula)
seen on 3-d imaging studies

51
Q

Transudate

A

extravascular fluid component of blood
passes thru the endothelial cells walls of the microcirculation

52
Q

Waldeyer ring

A

ring of lymphatic tissue
formed by the 2 palatine tonsils, pharyngeal tonsil, lingual tonsil, and the intervening lymphoid tissue

53
Q

White blood cells WBCs

A

cells within the blood and surrounding tissue
involved in the inflammatory and immune responses
aka leukocytes

54
Q

5 clinical cardinal signs

A

1 redness
2 heat
3 swelling
4 pain
5 loss of function

55
Q

Epithelialization

A

process of renewal of a new surface layer of epithelium

56
Q

List the sequence of events in an acute inflammation or injury

A

Gen and Oral Path (11 decks)

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