Chap 2 - Human Body Systems Flashcards
Tissue
collections of similar cells and the substances surrounding them
What are the four primary tissue types?
Epithelium, connective, nervous and muscular
Epithelium
forms the internal and external linings of various organs and is usually involved in diffusion, filtration, secretion and absorption.
Connective tissue
connects and binds cells and other tissue together
Cartilage
tissue the let’s the body spring back when compressed. made up of collagen, proteoglycans and water.
Bone
a hard, calcified connective tissue that forms the internal structure of the body and protect it’s vital organs. permits movement, storage and maintenance of chemical levels. store minerals like calcium and phosphate and fats for cellular energy production
Blood
compose of red and white blood cells, platelets, lymph, plasma and water. 45% consists of platelets and red and white blood cells. Remainder is plasma.
Red blood cells
also called erythrocytes, contains hemoglobin that carries oxygen
White blood cells
also called leukocytes, destroy and remove old cells ad cellular debris and attack foreign or infectious agents
Nervous tissue
respond to stimuli and transmits impulses throughout the body. Composed of neurons and neuralgia.
Neurons
conductive cells composed of dendrites and axons
Neuralgia
support cells or nervous tissue
Dendrites
convey impulses towards the cell body
Axion
convey impulses away from the cell body
KIdney
the body’s filtration system
Body system
group of organs that operate together to carry out a bodily function
How many bones in the human skeleton
206
Axial skeleton
includes the bones of the head and trunk
Appendicular skeleon
includes bones of the upper and lower limbs along with the shoulder and hip bones
skull has two types of bones
cranial and facial
Cranial bones
protect and enclose the brain
Facial bones
provide framework for face and mouth
Cranium is made up of what bones?
8 bones: 1 x frontal, 2 x parietal, 2 x temporal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid
Spinal column has how many bones?
26