Chap 2

Question 1

two types of electrical charge

Answer 1

positive and negative

Question 2

+charge, inside nucleus

Answer 2

proton

Question 3

where electrons are found and are constantly orbiting the nucleus

Answer 3

electron cloud

Question 4

when an atom can donate electrons to or gain electrons from other atoms, the number of protons and electrons are no longer equal, a charged particle called —- is formed

Answer 4

ion

Question 5

forms when electrons are transferred between atoms, creating oppositely charges atoms

Answer 5

ionic bond

Question 6

the results of polar covalent bonds which are electrically assymeytic

Answer 6

polar molecules

Question 7

neutral, inside nucleus

Answer 7

neutron

Question 8

smallest particle of an element

Answer 8

atom

Question 9

forms when the electrons are shared equally between the nuclei, bcs the electrons have the same attraction to each nucleus

Answer 9

nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 10

amount of matter in an object

Answer 10

mass

Question 11

if an atom’s valence shell is not at its maximum, it will form bonds with other atoms to achieve a full valence shell

Answer 11

octet

Question 12

atoms achieve an octet in one of two ways

Answer 12

1. transferring electrons between atoms
2. sharing electrons between atoms

Question 13

• charge, outside nucleus

Answer 13

electron

Question 14

the tendency of atoms to combine with other atoms until each has 8 electrons in its valence shell

Answer 14

octet rule

Question 15

outermost shell

Answer 15

valence

Question 16

an element is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons of each atom

Answer 16

mass number

Question 17

form when two hydrogen atoms are held together by a nonpolar covalent bond

Answer 17

non polar molecule

Question 18

number of protons in each atom

Answer 18

atomic number

Question 19

remaining shell shld contain how many electrons

Answer 19

8

Question 20

protons and neutrons are found in the center of the atom

Answer 20

nucleus

Question 21

result of combining atom

Answer 21

molecule

Question 22

when atoms share one or mare pairs of electrons

Answer 22

covalent bond

Question 23

two or more forms of the same element that have the same number of protons and electrons, but have a different number of neutrons

Answer 23

isotopes

Question 24

tendency of particles to be attracted to each other or repulsed from each other

Answer 24

electrical charge

Question 25

interaction between atoms to molecules by either sharing or transferring their outermost electrons and these atoms are called

Answer 25

chemical bonds

Question 26

Anything that occupies space and has mass.

Answer 26

Matter

Question 27

the innermost shell must contain how many electrons

Answer 27

2

Question 28

the energy levels that are often drawn as concentric rings around the nucleus

Answer 28

electron shells

Question 29

gravitational force acting on object of a given mass

Answer 29

weight

Question 30

forms when two atoms involved in a covalent bond have diff electronegativity

Answer 30

polar covalent bond