Chap 15-18 TEST (Important Cards) Flashcards
Mainly Reconstruction, Gilded Age, & Westward Expansion, Pouplists. amendments, key events, and big names
Why was the 13th Amendment significant?
Ended slavery, shifted labor systems to sharecropping.
How did the 14th Amendment change citizenship?
Extended it to all born in U.S., countered Black Codes.
What conflict arose from the 15th Amendment?
Granted voting rights, led to voter suppression laws.
Why did the Freedmen’s Bureau struggle?
Limited funds and Southern resistance weakened aid to freedmen.
How did Black Codes reflect continuity?
Maintained white supremacy post-slavery, similar to slave codes.
What economic shift did sharecropping cause?
Kept freedmen in debt, replacing slavery with a new dependency.
What was the goal of Radical Reconstruction?
Enforce Black rights via military rule, opposed Johnson’s leniency.
How did the KKK impact Reconstruction?
Used violence to suppress Black political power, prolonged racial tension.
How did the Homestead Act shape the West?
Encouraged settlement, increased Native conflicts.
Why was the Transcontinental Railroad a turning point?
Unified markets, spurred industrial growth.
How did Carnegie exemplify Gilded Age trends?
Built steel empire, justified wealth with Social Darwinism.
What did Rockefeller’s Standard Oil represent?
Monopoly power via trusts, widened wealth gaps.
What caused the Homestead Strike’s failure?
Federal troops favored capital over labor.
Why did the Pullman Strike escalate?
Federal intervention showed government-business alliance
What limited the Sherman Antitrust Act?
Weak enforcement allowed trusts to persist.
How did Boss Tweed reflect urban politics?
Corrupted cities via machines, aided immigrants for votes.
What shift did the Dawes Act signal?
Pushed assimilation, eroded tribal sovereignty.
Why was Little Bighorn significant?
Showed Native resistance, but temporary.
What did Wounded Knee symbolize?
End of Indian Wars, marked Native defeat.
How did reservations change Native policy?
Replaced treaties post-1871, prioritized white settlement.
Why was the Populist Party radical?
Challenged elites with free silver, united farmers/labor.
How did the Lost Cause affect memory?
Downplayed slavery, justified segregation post-war.
What precedent did Plessy v. Ferguson set?
Legalized segregation, entrenched Jim Crow.
What drove the Spanish-American War?
Imperial ambition and Maine explosion fueled expansion.
