Chap 15

Question 1

What are the 4 functional zones of the temporal lobes ?

Answer 1

1. Auditory processes
2. Visual processes
3. Memory processes
4. Emotional processes

Question 2

What are the 3 main subcortical structures of the temporal lobe ?

Answer 2

1. Amygdala
2. Hippocampus formation
3. The limbic cortex

Question 3

What is the hierarchical sensory pathway for ?

Answer 3

stimulus recognition

Question 4

What is the dorsal auditory pathway for ?

Answer 4

used for spatial location and auditory processing

Question 5

What is the polymodal pathway for ?

Answer 5

stimulus categorization

Question 6

What is the medial temporal projection pathway for ?

Answer 6

long-term memory consolidation

Question 7

What is the frontal lobe projection pathway for ?

Answer 7

aspects of movement control, affect and short-term memory

Question 8

Describe the different sensory processes using the example of observing birds

Answer 8

1. to observe different birds the temporal lobe must distinguish between colors, shapes and sizes
2. we must categorize the birds quickly from one sighting to the next
3. we can match auditory or olfactory stimuli to visual stimuli
4. finally the stimuli we are perceiving is added to our long-term memory for retrieval later

Question 9

How does the temporal lobe effect our affect ?

Answer 9

• the amygdala is responsible for our responses to various stimuli and how they make us feel
• the temporal lobe allows us to make associations with different stimuli and thus learned behaviors

Question 10

How does the superior temporal sulcus play a role in motion ?

Answer 10

plays a role in categorizing stimuli like social stimuli, including the analysis of different body movements for socially relevant information

Question 11

What are the 3 main results of the Hasson experiment where participants watches the good, the bad and the ugly ?

Answer 11

1. brains act in unison during film viewing both in visual and auditory regions as well as in the STS
2. Selective activations were related to specific moment-to-moment content
3. coherence in brain activity does not mean coherence in subjective experience

Question 12

What are inferotemporal neurons

Answer 12

• neurons that may provide a mechanism for internally representing the image of objects
• may have a role in reward

Question 13

What is the asymmetry between temporal lobe lesions and the analysis of faces ?

Answer 13

right temporal lesions have a greater effect on facial processing

Question 14

How do lesions disturb auditory processes ?

Answer 14

left-temporal lobe lesions affect most severely the ability to discriminate speech sounds
- patient might complain that people are talking too quickly

Question 15

How do lesions disturb musical perception ?

Answer 15

• right temporal gyrus lesions affect rhythm
• little asymmetry of lesions affecting language and music

Question 16

How do lesions disturb visual processes ?

Answer 16

temporal lobe lesions do not have a great effect on visual abilities but affect visual perception
- right side damage impairs recall in both fields

Question 17

How do lesions disturb speech comprehension ?

Answer 17

left temporal lobe lesions result in deficits of recalling auditory information

Question 18

How do right vs left lesions disturb memory processes ?

Answer 18

Right: disturbs recall of nonverbal info like drawings, faces and tunes
Left: disturbs recall of verbal info like words lists and stories