chap 13 Flashcards
refers to the number, variety, and variability of organisms in
a particular area.
Biodiversity
is defined as the measure of the number of species on the planet
or in a specified area.
biodiversity
is the variation of living things making the world a beautiful and
exciting place to live.
biodiversity
measure of the variety of
versions of the same genes within individual species,
Genetic Biodiversity
the number of different kinds of organisms within individual communities or
ecosystems,
Species Biodiversity
the number of niches, trophic levels,
and ecological processes that capture, sustain food webs and recycle
materials within this system.
Ecological Biodiversity
biodiversity can
be measured by determining the _______________.
biodiversity index
indicates the total number of species in an area
Species Richness
shows how evenly the species are represented in the area.
Species Evenness
What Threatens Biodiversity most?
Human-caused species loss
referring to habitat destruction (mangrove
destruction, mining, slash- and-burn, natural habitat conversion for
human use and monoculture;
Land-use changes-
referring to water-borne pollutants from leaching, nitrogen
fertilizer use; chemicals from factories, human wastes; noise pollution,
light pollution, and sonar pollution.
Pollution-
referring to killing, poaching, and selling
endangered species of plants and animals.
Resource Exploitation
it threaten the survival of native species.
Introduction of exotic or invasive species
HIPPO”
Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Pollution, Population growth, and
Overharvesting.
refers to organisms or species on which other
organisms or species largely depend.
Keystone species
are biologically rich areas but with species threatened
by extinction
Biodiversity hotspots
two criteria used as basis in identifying the biodiversity
hotspot:
(1.) an area must contain at least 1,500 endemic vascular plant
species. Endemic species are species that can be found only in a particular place; not anywhere else;
(2.) At least 70% of its original area has been
lost by destruction.
Currently, there are how many biodiversity hotspots around the world?
(Conservation International, 2021).
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The state shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced
and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.
Philippine Constitution, Article 2 Section 16
The state, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national
development policies and programs, shall protect the rights of indigenous
cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their economic, social,
and cultural well-being.
Philippine Constitution, Article 12 Section 5
It provides the legal framework for the establishment and management
of protected areas in the Philippines.
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992 (RA
7586)
It aims to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats for
sustainability.
Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 (RA
9147)
An act to Prevent, Deter, and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and
Unregulated Fishing,
RA 8550 or the Philippine Fisheries
Code of 1998 (RA 10654 Of 2015).
All mineral resources in public and private lands within the territory and
the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the Republic of the Philippines are
owned by the state.
Philippine Mining Act of 1995 (RA 7942)
This produced the “no-go-zone map” which states that applications for
mineral contracts, concessions, and agreements shall not be allowed in the
stated areas:
Institutionalizing and Implementing Reforms in the Philippine Mining
sector (EO 79, s. 2012)
It recognizes that remediation and rehabilitation of abandoned mines
shall be accorded as a top priority to address the negative impacts of past
mining in the country.
National Policy Agenda on Revitalizing Mining in the Philippines of
2004 (EO 270, s. 2004).
Potential Impacts of GMO to Human Health
As much as GMOs bring many benefits to us, there could be
unforeseen health risks of it.
toxicity
Potential Impacts of GMO to Human Health
Some people believe that GM foods have more potential to trigger
allergic reactions. This is because they may contain genes from an
allergen —a food that prompts an allergic reaction.
Allergenicity
Potential Impacts of GMO to Human Health
food scientists noted that food DNA can survive as
far as the gut, and there have been concerns that this could affect the
immune system.
Genetic Hazards
