Chap 10 Flashcards
Aim of Zimbardo Experiment
To investigate the effects of status and power within a group
Sample of Zimbardo’s Experiment
24 male Uni students judged to be “normal, average and healthy”. Exclude aggressive people
Results of Zimbardo’s Experiment
“Mock guards” engaged in substantially more dominating, control hostile behaviour across 25 observation periods than did “mock prisoners”. “Mock prisoners” engaged in substantially more passive-resistant behaviour than did “mock guards”.
Compared to the prisoners the guards exhibited 3x the amount of aggression compared to the prisoners, whereas the prisoners exhibited 5x as much resistance as the guards.
Why was the experiment terminated after 6 days?
- Guards became too aggressive
- Patients had a breakdown
- Guards were sexually bullying the patients
- Guards humiliated them
- Locked people in closets for 24 hours
Why is this experiment still talked about today when it happened in the 1970’s
- Ethical considerations (Withdrawal rights, psychological harm)
- Abu Ghraib (Prison in Iraq). Similarity between how the guards acted in the SPE and how the American guards acted against the Iraqians in 2004. They put people on leashes and make them create a naked human pyramid.
What was the aim of Milgram’s study?
To investigate whether individuals will obey an authority figure who is instructing them to inflict pain on another person.
What inspired Milgram’s study?
His parents escaped death camps in WW2
What was the sample of Milgram’s study?
40 males aged 20-50 years old in America
What were the results of Milgram’s study?
No participant stopped administering shocks before 300 volts. 26/40 (65%) of participants continued to administer the full range of shocks, up to a lethal 450 volts
What ethical considerations were broken?
- Withdrawal rights (You have no other choice, you must go on). Used pressuring language to break the participants withdrawal rights.
- Deception (Thought experiment was about punishment about mlearning)
- Psychological harm (People didn’t think that they could have been this aggressive)
What was Zimbardo’s sampling method
The sample cannot be considered random as he advertised in a local paper and all members of the population did not have a genuinely equal chance of being selected because not everybody reads the paper. Therefore it is closer to convince sampling.
What experimental design did Zimbardo follow?
He used the independent groups experiment as participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental or control group.
One advantage and disadvantage of independent groups?
It is time efficient (unlike repeated measures)
There is less control over participant variables.
One advantage and disadvantage of repeated measures experiments?
Full control over most participant variables
