chap 1 the scientific endeavour

Question 1

What is a meter ruler used for?

Answer 1

Measure length up to 1m

Question 2

What is a measuring tape used for?

Answer 2

Measure length up to a few metres

Question 3

What is a digital caliper used for?

Answer 3

Measure length up to 10 cm

Question 4

What is a stop watched used for?

Answer 4

Measure time

Question 5

What is a balance beam used for?

Answer 5

Measure mass (comparison)

Question 6

What is an electronic balance used for?

Answer 6

Measure (calibrated) mass

Question 7

What is a
1. pipette
2. burette
3. measuring cylinder
used for?

Answer 7

All are used for measuring volumes.
1. a pipette is more precise
2. a burette is for dispensing liquid drop by drop

Question 8

What is a syringe used for?

Answer 8

To collect and measure the volume of gas or liquid in cubic cm.

Question 9

What is a zero error, and how do you fix it?

Answer 9

It is when an instrument gives a non-zero reading when the measured quantity should be zero.
Some instruments have a “tare” function that can reset the scale to remove zero error.
Or just minus the error number off the final

Question 10

What is a parallax error?

Answer 10

It is when the marking on an instrument is viewed from the wrong angle, causing the measurement to be less accurate or precise.

Question 11

What angle should a
1.ruler
2.measuring cylinder
3.spring balance
4.thermometer
be viewed that to get an accurate reading?

Answer 11

1. Position the eye so that the line of sight is perpendicular to the marking on the ruler.
2. Position the eye so that the line of sight is level with the bottom of the menicus (curved surface of the liquid)
3. Position the eye so that the line of sight is perpendicular to the marking on the scale.
4. Position the eye so that the line of sight is level with the top of the meniscus.

note the curved can be referring to convex or concave ver)

Question 12

What is the difference between Qualitive Data and Quantitive Data?

Answer 12

Qualitive data involves senses that are usually descriptive (eg: heavy, long, fast)
Quantitive data involves senses AND measurements taken using instruments , numerical (eg: 500g, 2cm, 50s)

Question 13

What is the function of a bunsen burner?

Answer 13

to raise a flame high enough above the table surface for heating

Question 14

What is the function of a retort stand?

Answer 14

has a clamp that holds other apparatus

Question 15

What is the function of a tripod stand?

Answer 15

Supports the apparatus that is being heated by a bunsen burner

Question 16

What is the function of a test tube?

Answer 16

Used to hold chemicals
*It’s curved base allows for even heating and reduces the amount of chemicals left behind after pouring them out.
*It’s transparent body allows for easy observation

Question 17

What is the function of a boiling tube?

Answer 17

Used for containing chemicals for strong heating. It’s transparent body allows for easy observation.

Question 18

What are the characteristics of a luminous flame?

Answer 18

The outer most flame is a pale blue and the inner is dark blue.
It is more visible to the eye
It is steadier and hotter

Question 19

What are the characteristics of a non-luminous flame?

Answer 19

The outer most flame is orange and the inner is blue
The flame is unsteady and not as hot.

Question 20

What is the function of a concical flask

Answer 20

It’s narrow mouth allows a stopper or filter funnel to fit into it.
It’s conical body allows for easy mixing of liquids without spillage

Question 21

What is the function of an evaporating dish?

Answer 21

Used to evaporate a liquid
- it is made out of porcelain as it is heat resistant and can be exposed to high temperatures