chap 1: cells

Question 1

function of rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

synthesises proteins for secretion out of the cell

Question 2

function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

synthesises lipids, steroids and carries out detoxification

Question 3

function of golgi apparatus

Answer 3

Modifies, Sorts, Packages substances into vesicles for secretion out of the cell

Question 4

function of mitochondria

Answer 4

site of aerobic respiration where glucose is oxidised to release energy

Question 5

function of ribosomes

Answer 5

synthesises proteins

Question 6

function of centrioles

Answer 6

aids in cell division

Question 7

structural adaptations of red blood cells

Answer 7

• biconcave to increase surface area to volume ratio, so oxygen can diffuse in/ out of it faster
• lacks nucleus hence has more space for more haemoglobin to transport more oxygen
• flexible so it can squeeze through tiny capillaries
• can become bell-shaped in capillaries to further increase surface area to volume ratio

Question 8

structural adaptations of xylem vessels

Answer 8

• no end walls to allow unobstructed flow of water
• no protoplasm to allow unobstructed flow of water
• lignified walls to prevent collapse of xylem vessels

Question 9

structural adaptations of root hair cells

Answer 9

• has a long, narrow protrusion that increases surface area to volume ratio for faster absorption of water and minerals salts