CHAP 1 BASICS OF IT

Question 1

SOFTWARE

Answer 1

a set of instructions that allows the computer to function.
also known as a program
tells the computer what to do.
different programs solve different problems

Question 2

HARDWARE

Answer 2

hardware is the physical component of a computer.

a user can see and touch hardware.

Question 3

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Answer 3

hardware and software are directly related to each other as one cannot function without the other.
hardware cannot perform any task without software and software cannot be executed without hardware.
computer is only useful when hardware and software work together.

Question 4

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Answer 4

HARDWARE :
physical component
can be seen and touched
repaired in case of failure
made up of physical components
replaced if problem isnt solved

SOFTWARE:
a set of instructions
cannot be touched
debugged in case of failure
written in programming language
reinstalled if problem isnt solved.

Question 5

DATA

Answer 5

data is a collection of raw facts and figures
the word raw means that the data is unprocessed.
data is collected from different sources for different purposes
may consist of numbers, alphabets, symbols etc.

Question 6

INFORMATION

Answer 6

the processed form of data is known as information.
it is an organized and processed form of data
it is much more meaningful than data and holds more importance.
used for decision making.

Question 7

DATA PROCESSING

Answer 7

the process of converting data into information is known as data processing.
there are three basic steps of data processing;

1. Input - Data
2. Processing
3. Output - Information

Example ;
2+2=4
2 + 2 is data
4 is output.

Question 8

COMPUTER

Answer 8

a device that ca be programmed to accept, process and store data..
consists of hardware and software.
hardware - machine , software - programs.

Question 9

COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER

Answer 9

Input Devices
Output Devices
Processing Devices
Storage Devices

Question 10

INPUT AND INPUT DEVICES

Answer 10

Anything given to the computer including data or information is known as input.
The devices that are used to enter data or information into computer are known as input devices.
Example ; Mouse, Keyboard.

Question 11

PROCESSING DEVICES

Answer 11

processor is used to process data.
it is also known as the central processing unit CPU.
also known as the brain of the computer.
consists of electronic circuit.

Question 12

OUTPUT DEVICES:

Answer 12

the data processed into useful information is called output.
output devices display the result of processing.
Example : Monitor, printer

Question 13

STORAGE DEVICES

Answer 13

refers to secondary storage, most common secondary storage devices are hard disks , hard drives, USBs, CDs, and DVDs.

Question 14

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Answer 14

it uses computing with high speed communication links to spread info from one place to another.
interconnection enables people to send and receive information.
world has become a global village since everyone knows each other as if living in a village.
information helps with problem solving and improve the standard of life.
digital convergence means that various industries can interconnect digitally and share information with one another.

Question 15

APPLICATIONS OF IT

Answer 15

Web based applications
E-commerce
M-commerce
Artificial Intelligence
Desktop Computing

Question 16

TYPES OF SOFTWARE

Answer 16

There are two types of software;
System Software
Application Software

Question 17

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

Answer 17

a set of programs to control and manage the hardware componets and execution of applications.
Example
Device Drivers
Operating System
Utility Programs