CHAP 1

Question 1

Units of mass

Answer 1

kg

Question 2

A mercury barometer measures

Answer 2

atmospheric pressure

Question 3

An ideal fluid
1.is turbulent
2.has viscosity
3. has a constant density

Answer 3

has a constant density

Question 4

Viscosity of a fluid is given by
1.strain rate/shear stress
2. sheer stress/ strain rate

Answer 4

2. sheer stress / strain rate

Question 5

A vessel widens to twice its normal radius. If the volumetric flow rate is constant, the speed of flow at the constriction :
1. halfs
2. doubles
3.is 4 times faster
4. is 4 times slower

Answer 5

is 4 times slower

Question 6

At very low flow rates bloods apparent viscostity :
1. decreases
2. increases
3. stays the same

Answer 6

increases

Question 7

As the temp of blood increases the viscosity ;
1. remains constant
2. decreases
3. increases

Answer 7

viscosity decreases

Question 8

A thixotropic fluid is one in which

Answer 8

the shear stress decreases with time under a constant strain

Question 9

If the pressure differential between the ends of a vessel halves, and the resistance to flow remains the same the flow rate :
1. halves
2.doubles
3. increases by a factor of 16

Answer 9

halves

Question 10

The Bernoulli eq may simplified to;

Answer 10

p + pgh = constant

Question 11

A horizontal flow tube has a cross-sectional Area A1 before a stenosis and A2 at it. The difference in P before (p1) and at (p2) the stenosis is governed by a ratio of :

Answer 11

(A1/A2)^2

Question 11

The Windkessel theory allows us to model;

Answer 11

the change of Pressure with time in the aorta

Question 11

A large tube branches into 4 smaller tubes with half the radius of the large one. If the total volumetric flow rate in the small tubes equals that in the large tube, the velocity of flow in the small tubes is :
1. half of that in the large tube
2. the same as that in the large tube
3. twice as that in the large tube

Answer 11

the same as the in the large tube

Question 11

In a blood vessel with elastic walls, compliance is defined as ;

Answer 11

The change of volume of the vessel per change of pressure of the blood

Question 12

A typical value for hematocrit in a healthy person is

Answer 12

45%

Question 12

As blood flows through a vessel with decreasing diameter the bloods apparent viscosity:
1. increases
2. decreases
3. stays the same

Answer 12

decreases

Question 12

Viscosity in a fluid is the equivalent of what in a solid ;
1.stress
2.strain
3. density
4. none of the above

Answer 12

none of the above ( Youngs Modulus)

Question 12

Darcys Law

Answer 12

Q(flow rate )= change in p/R( resistance)

Question 13

Autoregulation in a blood vessels means

Answer 13

flow rate is insensitive to pressure variations

Question 14

What does Poisuilles Law imply would happen to resistance to flow if a vasodilator doubled a blood vessels radius

Answer 14

Resistance to flow would drop by a factor of 16

Question 15

According to Laplace Law , if the radius of a blood vessels is halved, but the BP stays the same, the tension is the walls of the vessel will;
1. halve
2.double

Answer 15

Halve

Question 16

As the shear rate of flowing blood increases the viscosity;
1.increases
2. decreases
3. remains the same

Answer 16

decreases

Question 17

The unit of density is the ;
1. kg m^2
2.kg m^3
3.kg m^-2
4. kg m^-3

Answer 17

kg m^-3

Question 18

the unit of weight is the

Answer 18

newton

Question 19

A diver descends from 5m below the surface of the sea to 10m. The gauge pressure on the diver. (Pgauge=pgh) 1.halves 2.double

Answer 19

doubles

Question 20

A mercury barometer measures

Answer 20

atmospheric pressure

Question 21

A Newtonian fluid 1.has no viscosity 2.is thixotropic 3.has a viscosity that depends on temp 4. none of the above

Answer 21

none of the above

Question 22

a blood vessels narrows to 50% of its normal radius. if the volumetric flow is constant , the speed of flow at the constriction ; 1.halves 2.doubles 3.is 4 times faster 4. is 4 times slower

Answer 22

is 4 times faster

Question 23

The hydrostatic pressure due to column of fluid is

Answer 23

is proportional to the density of the fluid

Question 24

According to Poiseuille law the relationship between the pressure differential between the ends of the tube and the flow rate in it is given by :

Answer 24

Q= change in P(8 (pie)R^4/(u )(change in x))

Question 25

The Fahraeus- Lindquist effects states

Answer 25

The apparent viscosity of blood flowing in a tube from a reservoir decreases with decreasing tube diameter ( in the range 50-500um)

Question 26

As blood haematocrit increases the viscosity ; 1. decreases 2. increases

Answer 26

increases

Question 27

For laminar flow in a horizontal pipe, the Bernoulli equation may simplified to ; 1. p+1/2pv^2= constant 2 .p +pgh= constant 3. 1/2pv^2 +pgh =constant

Answer 27

1. p + 1/2pv^2=constant

Question 28

A particular flow has a Reynold's number of 800. The flow is

Answer 28

laminar flow

Question 29

Blood is what fluid

Answer 29

Thixotropic fluid

Question 30

As blood flows through a vessels with decreasing diameter , the bloods viscosity : 1.decreases 2, increases 3. stays the same

Answer 30

decreases

Question 31

The haematocrit is

Answer 31

the % of blood volume occupied by erythrocytes

Question 32

A large tube branches into two smaller tubes with half the radius of the large one . If the total volumetric flow rate in the small tubes equals the large tube , the velocity of flow in then small tubes is 1. half of that in the large 2. the same as that in the large 3. twice that in the large tube

Answer 32

twice that in the large tube

Question 33

If an object of volume V is filled with fluid at pressure p in time, its compilance id given by :

Answer 33

dV/dP ( The change of volume per change in pressure)

Question 34

The unit of pressure is

Answer 34

N m^-2

Question 35

A diver ascends from a depth of 8 m below the surface of to a depth of 2 m, the gauge pressure on the diver

Answer 35

decreases by a factor of 4

Question 36

A mercury barometer measure's

Answer 36

atmospheric pressure

Question 37

Viscosity = shear stress/strain rate

Question 38

A flow tube ( of cross-sectional area A1) with a constriction ( cross -sectional area A2) has a discharge coefficient of;

Answer 38

A2/A1

Question 39

If we know the the compliance of the aorta and the rate of the flow into the peripheral vessels , the windkessel theory allows us to determine the relationship in the aorta between: 1. V & P 2. V & T 3. P & T

Answer 39

pressure and time

Question 40

In terms of area and force pressure is calculated by :

Answer 40

P=F/A

Question 41

Unit of pressure is

Answer 41

Newton per m^2 and pascal

Question 42

Gauge pressure is defines as ?

Answer 42

The pressure measured with respect to atmospheric pressure(1atm)

Question 43

Absolute pressure is

Answer 43

the pressure measured with respect to a vaccum(0atm)

Question 44

Hydrostatic pressure depends on a fluids; 1. density 2.viscosity

Answer 44

density

Question 45

The hydrostaic pressure in blood

Answer 45

increases faster with depth than that of water

Question 46

how many cubic centimeters in 1m^3?

Answer 46

1,000,000

Question 47

A density of 2g per cubic cm is equal to

Answer 47

2,000kg/m^3

Question 48

An open tube manometer measures

Answer 48

gas pressure

Question 49

A barometer is a ?

Answer 49

closed-tube manometer that’s exposed to atmospheric pressure and so reads only atmospheric pressure

Question 50

Unit of pressure

Answer 50

torr

Question 51

Pascal’s Principle states:

Answer 51

1. Where pressure is applied to an enclosed fluid, it is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls containing it.

Question 52

Friction in a fluid is caused by :A) viscosity and turbulence. B) viscosity and hydrostatic pressure. C) turbulence and hydrostatic pressure. D) density and hydrostatic pressure

Answer 52

viscosity and turbulence

Question 53

Stress id given by what eq:

Answer 53

𝜎 = Force/Area

Question 54

Stress units?

Answer 54

Pascals

Question 55

strain is given by the eq;

Answer 55

E=change in l /l

Question 56

strain units ?

Answer 56

no units

Question 57

On a stress-strain graph, a steeper curve indicates: A) a stronger material. B) a stiffer material. C) a more brittle material. D) a weaker material

Answer 57

A stiffer material

Question 58

The “plastic region” is the region on the stress- strain curve where...

Answer 58

deformation is permanent

Question 59

What is tensile strength ?

Answer 59

it is the max strength that can be applied before the material fractures

Question 60

The path of flow of an individual particle in a moving fluid is known as:

Answer 60

Flow Line

Question 61

If the pattern of the flow lines in a fluid doesn’t change with time, this fluid is said to be: A) plastic. B) in turbulent flow. C) thixotropic. D) in laminar flow.

Answer 61

in laminar flow

Question 62

Viscosity of a fluid is given by

Answer 62

sheer stress/strain rate

Question 63

Choose any or all of the following which are true. In a Newtonian fluid: A) the viscosity is zero. B) the viscosity is constant. C) the viscosity depends on temperature. D) the stress/strain-rate relationship is linear

Answer 63

1.The viscosity is constant 2. the stress /strain rate relationship is linear

Question 64

Which of the following properties does an ideal fluid possess? (There may be more than one correct answer.) A) It has lamiar flow. B) It has a constant non-zero viscosity. C) It is irrotational. D) It has a constant density

Answer 64

it has a laminar flow it is irrotational it has a constant density

Question 65

A blood vessel widens to twice its normal cross sectional area. If the volumetric flow rate is constant, the speed of flow where it widens is? A) is four times slower B) halves. B) doubles. D) is four times faster

Answer 65

halves