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MM1- chap 1 > CHAP 1 > Flashcards

CHAP 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Units of mass

A

kg

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2
Q

A mercury barometer measures

A

atmospheric pressure

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3
Q

An ideal fluid
1.is turbulent
2.has viscosity
3. has a constant density

A

has a constant density

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4
Q

Viscosity of a fluid is given by
1.strain rate/shear stress
2. sheer stress/ strain rate

A
  1. sheer stress / strain rate
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5
Q

A vessel widens to twice its normal radius. If the volumetric flow rate is constant, the speed of flow at the constriction :
1. halfs
2. doubles
3.is 4 times faster
4. is 4 times slower

A

is 4 times slower

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6
Q

At very low flow rates bloods apparent viscostity :
1. decreases
2. increases
3. stays the same

A

increases

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7
Q

As the temp of blood increases the viscosity ;
1. remains constant
2. decreases
3. increases

A

viscosity decreases

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8
Q

A thixotropic fluid is one in which

A

the shear stress decreases with time under a constant strain

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9
Q

If the pressure differential between the ends of a vessel halves, and the resistance to flow remains the same the flow rate :
1. halves
2.doubles
3. increases by a factor of 16

A

halves

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10
Q

The Bernoulli eq may simplified to;

A

p + pgh = constant

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11
Q

A horizontal flow tube has a cross-sectional Area A1 before a stenosis and A2 at it. The difference in P before (p1) and at (p2) the stenosis is governed by a ratio of :

A

(A1/A2)^2

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11
Q

The Windkessel theory allows us to model;

A

the change of Pressure with time in the aorta

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11
Q

A large tube branches into 4 smaller tubes with half the radius of the large one. If the total volumetric flow rate in the small tubes equals that in the large tube, the velocity of flow in the small tubes is :
1. half of that in the large tube
2. the same as that in the large tube
3. twice as that in the large tube

A

the same as the in the large tube

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11
Q

In a blood vessel with elastic walls, compliance is defined as ;

A

The change of volume of the vessel per change of pressure of the blood

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12
Q

A typical value for hematocrit in a healthy person is

A

45%

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12
Q

As blood flows through a vessel with decreasing diameter the bloods apparent viscosity:
1. increases
2. decreases
3. stays the same

A

decreases

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12
Q

Viscosity in a fluid is the equivalent of what in a solid ;
1.stress
2.strain
3. density
4. none of the above

A

none of the above ( Youngs Modulus)

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12
Q

Darcys Law

A

Q(flow rate )= change in p/R( resistance)

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13
Q

Autoregulation in a blood vessels means

A

flow rate is insensitive to pressure variations

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14
Q

What does Poisuilles Law imply would happen to resistance to flow if a vasodilator doubled a blood vessels radius

A

Resistance to flow would drop by a factor of 16

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15
Q

According to Laplace Law , if the radius of a blood vessels is halved, but the BP stays the same, the tension is the walls of the vessel will;
1. halve
2.double

A

Halve

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16
Q

As the shear rate of flowing blood increases the viscosity;
1.increases
2. decreases
3. remains the same

A

decreases

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17
Q

The unit of density is the ;
1. kg m^2
2.kg m^3
3.kg m^-2
4. kg m^-3

A

kg m^-3

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18
Q

the unit of weight is the

A

newton

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19
Q

A diver descends from 5m below the surface of the sea to 10m. The gauge pressure on the diver.
(Pgauge=pgh)
1.halves
2.double

A

doubles

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20
Q

A mercury barometer measures

A

atmospheric pressure

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21
Q

A Newtonian fluid
1.has no viscosity
2.is thixotropic
3.has a viscosity that depends on temp
4. none of the above

A

none of the above

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22
Q

a blood vessels narrows to 50% of its normal radius. if the volumetric flow is constant , the speed of flow at the constriction ;
1.halves
2.doubles
3.is 4 times faster
4. is 4 times slower

A

is 4 times faster

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23
Q

The hydrostatic pressure due to column of fluid is

A

is proportional to the density of the fluid

24
Q

According to Poiseuille law the relationship between the pressure differential between the ends of the tube and the flow rate in it is given by :

A

Q= change in P(8 (pie)R^4/(u )(change in x))

25
Q

The Fahraeus- Lindquist effects states

A

The apparent viscosity of blood flowing in a tube from a reservoir decreases with decreasing tube diameter ( in the range 50-500um)

26
Q

As blood haematocrit increases the viscosity ;
1. decreases
2. increases

A

increases

27
Q

For laminar flow in a horizontal pipe, the Bernoulli equation may simplified to ;
1. p+1/2pv^2= constant
2 .p +pgh= constant
3. 1/2pv^2 +pgh =constant

A
  1. p + 1/2pv^2=constant
28
Q

A particular flow has a Reynold’s number of 800. The flow is

A

laminar flow

29
Q

Blood is what fluid

A

Thixotropic fluid

30
Q

As blood flows through a vessels with decreasing diameter , the bloods viscosity :
1.decreases
2, increases
3. stays the same

A

decreases

31
Q

The haematocrit is

A

the % of blood volume occupied by erythrocytes

32
Q

A large tube branches into two smaller tubes with half the radius of the large one . If the total volumetric flow rate in the small tubes equals the large tube , the velocity of flow in then small tubes is
1. half of that in the large
2. the same as that in the large
3. twice that in the large tube

A

twice that in the large tube

33
Q

If an object of volume V is filled with fluid at pressure p in time, its compilance id given by :

A

dV/dP
( The change of volume per change in pressure)

34
Q

The unit of pressure is

A

N m^-2

35
Q

A diver ascends from a depth of 8 m below the surface of to a depth of 2 m, the gauge pressure on the diver

A

decreases by a factor of 4

36
Q

A mercury barometer measure’s

A

atmospheric pressure

37
Q

Viscosity = shear stress/strain rate

A
38
Q

A flow tube ( of cross-sectional area A1) with a constriction ( cross -sectional area A2) has a discharge coefficient of;

A

A2/A1

39
Q

If we know the the compliance of the aorta and the rate of the flow into the peripheral vessels , the windkessel theory allows us to determine the relationship in the aorta between:
1. V & P
2. V & T
3. P & T

A

pressure and time

40
Q

In terms of area and force pressure is calculated by :

A

P=F/A

41
Q

Unit of pressure is

A

Newton per m^2 and
pascal

42
Q

Gauge pressure is defines as ?

A

The pressure measured with respect to atmospheric pressure(1atm)

43
Q

Absolute pressure is

A

the pressure measured with respect to a vaccum(0atm)

44
Q

Hydrostatic pressure depends on a fluids;
1. density
2.viscosity

A

density

45
Q

The hydrostaic pressure in blood

A

increases faster with depth than that of water

46
Q

how many cubic centimeters in 1m^3?

A

1,000,000

47
Q

A density of 2g per cubic cm is equal to

A

2,000kg/m^3

48
Q

An open tube manometer measures

A

gas pressure

49
Q

A barometer is a ?

A

closed-tube manometer that’s
exposed to atmospheric pressure and so reads
only atmospheric pressure

50
Q

Unit of pressure

A

torr

51
Q

Pascal’s Principle states:

A
  1. Where pressure is
    applied to an enclosed fluid, it is transmitted
    undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the
    walls containing it.
52
Q

Friction in a fluid is caused by
:A) viscosity and turbulence.
B) viscosity and hydrostatic pressure.
C) turbulence and hydrostatic pressure.
D) density and hydrostatic pressure

A

viscosity and turbulence

53
Q

Stress id given by what eq:

A

𝜎 = Force/Area

54
Q

Stress units?

A

Pascals

55
Q

strain is given by the eq;

A

E=change in l /l

56
Q

strain units ?

A

no units

57
Q

On a stress-strain graph, a steeper curve indicates:
A) a stronger material. B) a stiffer material.
C) a more brittle material. D) a weaker material

A

A stiffer material

58
Q

The “plastic region” is the region on the stress-
strain curve where…

A

deformation is permanent

59
Q

What is tensile strength ?

A

it is the max strength that can be applied before the material fractures

60
Q

The path of flow of an individual particle in a
moving fluid is known as:

A

Flow Line

61
Q

If the pattern of the flow lines in a fluid doesn’t change with time, this fluid is said to be:
A) plastic.
B) in turbulent flow.
C) thixotropic.
D) in laminar flow.

A

in laminar flow

62
Q

Viscosity of a fluid is given by

A

sheer stress/strain rate

63
Q

Choose any or all of the following which are true.

In a Newtonian fluid:
A) the viscosity is zero.
B) the viscosity is constant.
C) the viscosity depends on temperature.
D) the stress/strain-rate relationship is linear

A

1.The viscosity is constant
2. the stress /strain rate relationship is linear

64
Q

Which of the following properties does an ideal
fluid possess? (There may be more than one
correct answer.)
A) It has lamiar flow.
B) It has a constant non-zero viscosity.
C) It is irrotational.
D) It has a constant density

A

it has a laminar flow
it is irrotational
it has a constant density

65
Q

A blood vessel widens to twice its normal cross
sectional area. If the volumetric flow rate is
constant, the speed of flow where it widens is?
A) is four times slower B) halves.
B) doubles.
D) is four times faster

A

halves

66
Q
A

MM1- chap 1 (1 decks)

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