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csd 316 > chap 1 > Flashcards

chap 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Arousal

A

ability to respond to stimuli through our senses

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2
Q

Attending

A

ability to direct attention to stimuli; includes attention skills, figure-ground skills, perception

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3
Q

Orientation

A

ability to know who you are, where you are, and when you are

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4
Q

Declarative memory

A

ability to remember facts

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5
Q

Expressive language

A

Words we assign to our ideas to express the meaning of our thoughts to others

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6
Q

Receptive language

A

Ability to understand spoken and written language

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7
Q

Three gross divisions of the brain

A

Cerebrum, Brainstem, and Cerebellum

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

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9
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

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10
Q

Superficial

A

Toward surface

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11
Q

Deep

A

Away from surface

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12
Q

Prone

A

Lying on belly

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13
Q

Supine

A

Lying on back

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14
Q

Neuroanatomy

A

Study of structure of the nervous system

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15
Q

Afferent

A

moving toward the central nervous system

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16
Q

Efferent

A

moving away from the central nervous system

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17
Q

Ipsi

A

same

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18
Q

Contra

A

opposite

19
Q

Glia function

A

support cells

20
Q

Proximal

A

close to a reference

21
Q

Distal

A

far from a reference

22
Q

Sulci

A

in folding

23
Q

Gyrus

A

out folding

24
Q

Adduction

A

moving toward midline

25
Q

Abduction

A

moving away from midline

26
Q

Thalamus

A

Mediates sensation to cerebral cortex

27
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Regulates motor movements and muscle tone

28
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

Brain and spinal cord

29
Q

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

Nerve tracts that connect the rest of the body to the CNS

30
Q

Neurons

A

Cells responsible for transmitting and processing information

31
Q

Neuroglia

A

Provide structural support and important background functions for neurons

32
Q

Motor

A

Transmit efferent information from brain to body

33
Q

Sensory

A

Transmit afferent information from body to brain

34
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Produces myelin within the central nervous system

35
Q

Astrocytes

A

Forms glial scar to restrict inflammation

36
Q

Microglia

A

Immunological cells

37
Q

Schwann cells

A

Produces myelin for the peripheral nervous system

38
Q

White matter

A

Axons of neurons covered in a white sheath of a protein and fatty substance called
myelin

39
Q

Grey matter

A

Processes and regulates information in the CNS

40
Q

Three gross types of white matter tracts

A

Association fiber, Commissural fibers, and Projection fibers

41
Q

Association fibers

A

Connect different structures/areas within a single cerebral hemisphere

42
Q

Commissural fibers

A

Connect analogous areas between two cerebral hemispheres

43
Q

Projection fibers

A

Project from the brain to the spinal cord

csd 316 (2 decks)

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