chap 1

Question 1

Arousal

Answer 1

ability to respond to stimuli through our senses

Question 2

Attending

Answer 2

ability to direct attention to stimuli; includes attention skills, figure-ground skills, perception

Question 3

Orientation

Answer 3

ability to know who you are, where you are, and when you are

Question 4

Declarative memory

Answer 4

ability to remember facts

Question 5

Expressive language

Answer 5

Words we assign to our ideas to express the meaning of our thoughts to others

Question 6

Receptive language

Answer 6

Ability to understand spoken and written language

Question 7

Three gross divisions of the brain

Answer 7

Cerebrum, Brainstem, and Cerebellum

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Away from midline

Question 9

Medial

Answer 9

Toward the midline

Question 10

Superficial

Answer 10

Toward surface

Question 11

Deep

Answer 11

Away from surface

Question 12

Prone

Answer 12

Lying on belly

Question 13

Supine

Answer 13

Lying on back

Question 14

Neuroanatomy

Answer 14

Study of structure of the nervous system

Question 15

Afferent

Answer 15

moving toward the central nervous system

Question 16

Efferent

Answer 16

moving away from the central nervous system

Question 17

Ipsi

Answer 17

same

Question 18

Contra

Answer 18

opposite

Question 19

Glia function

Answer 19

support cells

Question 20

Proximal

Answer 20

close to a reference

Question 21

Distal

Answer 21

far from a reference

Question 22

Sulci

Answer 22

in folding

Question 23

Gyrus

Answer 23

out folding

Question 24

Adduction

Answer 24

moving toward midline

Question 25

Abduction

Answer 25

moving away from midline

Question 26

Thalamus

Answer 26

Mediates sensation to cerebral cortex

Question 27

Basal ganglia

Answer 27

Regulates motor movements and muscle tone

Question 28

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 28

Brain and spinal cord

Question 29

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 29

Nerve tracts that connect the rest of the body to the CNS

Question 30

Neurons

Answer 30

Cells responsible for transmitting and processing information

Question 31

Neuroglia

Answer 31

Provide structural support and important background functions for neurons

Question 32

Motor

Answer 32

Transmit efferent information from brain to body

Question 33

Sensory

Answer 33

Transmit afferent information from body to brain

Question 34

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 34

Produces myelin within the central nervous system

Question 35

Astrocytes

Answer 35

Forms glial scar to restrict inflammation

Question 36

Microglia

Answer 36

Immunological cells

Question 37

Schwann cells

Answer 37

Produces myelin for the peripheral nervous system

Question 38

White matter

Answer 38

Axons of neurons covered in a white sheath of a protein and fatty substance called myelin

Question 39

Grey matter

Answer 39

Processes and regulates information in the CNS

Question 40

Three gross types of white matter tracts

Answer 40

Association fiber, Commissural fibers, and Projection fibers

Question 41

Association fibers

Answer 41

Connect different structures/areas within a single cerebral hemisphere

Question 42

Commissural fibers

Answer 42

Connect analogous areas between two cerebral hemispheres

Question 43

Projection fibers

Answer 43

Project from the brain to the spinal cord