Changing Places- The Concept of Place

Question 1

Define place

Answer 1

“Locations with meaning”

Question 2

Define location

Answer 2

A point in space with specific links to other points in space ie. where a place is with specific coordinates on a map

Question 3

Locale

Answer 3

Where everyday life takes place. These setting affect social interactions and is shaped by the people, cultures and customs in it
NOT a physical location

Question 4

Sense of place

Answer 4

The subjective and emotional attachments people have to a place. May be completely different from someone else’s perspective

Question 5

Insiders

Answer 5

• strong relationship to a place
• familiar with “daily rhythms”
• shared experience
• sense of place in the community
• perspective is intimate

Question 6

Outsiders

Answer 6

• sense of place is vague and abstract
• view is often about discover/learning about the place
• draw on experiences of other places
• outsider perspective is neutral
• feeling out of place

Question 7

Far places

Answer 7

These are global in scale and include both physical and virtual spaces

Question 8

Near places

Answer 8

The local area where people live, work and places they regularly visit eg. a shopping centre

Question 9

Experienced places

Answer 9

Places we know and have visited. May also include places such as work where global events/economics can impact upon the experience of the workers eg. they are laid off

Question 10

Media places

Answer 10

The impact of electronics, meaning many people today have “no sense of place”- they occupy media places

Question 11

Private places

Answer 11

Places with which we are experienced with and which we form attachments with

Question 12

Public places

Answer 12

Places which are connected with natural history, art or state power

Question 13

Field of care

Answer 13

Affective bond between people and places/settings-through experience we form attachments
-field of care not easily understood by outsiders

Question 14

Endogenous factors

Answer 14

Caused by or originate from within

• includes demographic and economic characteristics
• can involve past and present processes
• location
• topography
• land use
• infrastructure

Question 15

Exogenous factors

Answer 15

Caused by or have an origin from outside

• often associated with globalisation
• have affected a place because of their tendency to accelerate cultural homogenisation
• significant movies into the place of resources, capital investment and ideas
• people from other places move in

Question 16

Endogenous factors in Stratford upon Avon

Answer 16

• located on abridging point of River Avon
• underlying clay geology
• 35m above sea level
• A46 leading to Birmingham
• midland railway line to Birmingham
• average age is 44

Question 17

Exogenous factors in Stratford upon Avon

Answer 17

• tourism (led to tertiary industry)
• ‘tourist gaze’- people visit birthplace of Shakespeare
• flows of investment (chain stores eg. McDonalds)
• imported resources (eg. food and drink)

Question 18

Social reasons for change

Answer 18

• online shopping leads to closure of high street shops
• schools and universities alter demographics of a place
• education level impacts residents aspirations and job prospects within a place
• higher divorce rates- coupled need 2 houses not 1

Question 19

Economic reasons for change

Answer 19

• deindustrialisation
• globalisation
• technological improvements have changed to way people shop (eg. online shopping)

Question 20

Environmental reasons for change

Answer 20

• environmental legislation (eg. Paris Agreement)
• better knowledge on pollution- people may not want to live near a main road (house prices decrease)
• sea level rise may cause a place to change

Question 21

Political reasons for change

Answer 21

• government initiatives to solve issues- such as building more houses to solve the housing crisis
• globalisation leads to intergovernmental ties (can help with legislation)

Question 22

Local forces for change- New Era Estate

Answer 22

• constituency of Hackney South and Shoreditch
• 73% of housing rented by private landlords
• 2013 estate was bought by Westbrook Partners
• residents faced increased rent/eviction
• petition signed by 300,000 people to stop investors- enlisted help of Russel Brand
• influx of wealthy residents in London is driving up housing prices
• as a result of protests 96 houses sold to not-for-profit investor Dolphin Living
• means tested rent scheme put in place

Question 23

TNCs as forces of change- Red Car Steelworks, Teesside

Answer 23

• steelworks provided jobs
• part of identity of Teesside
• 2015 steelworks Blighty by Sahaviriya Steel (SSI)
• company was generating £500m loss per year
• gov. now buy steel from China
• SSI requester gov. help but they refused
• gov. offered £80m support package for 2200 workers
• even before closure 14% of residents weee claiming out-of-work benefits
• some forced to leave Teesside to find work