changing patterns - cohabition, family types, childbearing, LPFs, globalisation

Question 1

cohabition

cohabition?

Answer 1

• unmarried couples living together increased
• 3.3mil families cohabiting
• same sex most likely to

Question 2

cohabition

meaning of cohabition?

Answer 2

• temporary/ informal arrangement
• alternative to marriage, long term, stable & commited partnership without legal commitment
• preperation/trial for marriage, Chester: 80% 1st marriages preceded: cohabition

Question 3

cohabition

Chandler?

Answer 3

• long term alternative, increase children born outside of marriage registered by both parents living at same address

Question 4

cohabition

Benjin?

Answer 4

• young people choice cohabition: equal relationship than a (patriachal) marriage

Question 5

cohabition - reasons

changing role of women?

Answer 5

• succesful in education, pursue own career
• less wiling to take on demands associated with housewife & mother role
• financhally independant & equality in cohabition: less need for marriage

Question 6

cohabition - reasons

changing social attitudes & decline in stigma ?

Answer 6

• young people more cohabiting than older: attitudes

Question 7

cohabition - reasons

increase secularisation?

Answer 7

• 2001 census: young people w no religion belief cohabit

Question 8

cohabition - reasons

higher divorce rate ?

Answer 8

• cohabit instead of marriage
• remarriage increased

Question 9

cohabition - reasons

Beck - reducing risk ?

Answer 9

• risk society, expecially effected by risk of divorce, cohabit to avoid risk w long term legal commitment

Question 10

family types

extended family?

Answer 10

• family outside “nucleas”: aunts, uncles, cousins & grandparents
• vertical: multiple generations living together (grand parents & great grandparents)
• horizontal: aunts, uncles & cousins, uncommon in 20th century, pre-industrial & early industrial
• life expectancy then: horizontal, aging pop: vertical

Question 11

family types

beanpole family?

Answer 11

• vertically extended w little or few “branches”
• multi-generational extended family/ vertically extended
• few siblings: fertility rate decreased: common

Question 12

family types

matrifocial lone parent families?

Answer 12

• LP: mother of children, women given custody
• new right- murray: critise LPFs, lack male role model: deviant behaviour & anti-social children: underclass

Question 13

family types

reconstituted families?

Answer 13

• 2 NFs split up & merge to form new (step-parents, step-brothers)
• rise in divorce & marriage decrease: common

Question 14

family types

same sex couples?

Answer 14

• couple living w out children, or w children (adopted/natural)
• homosexual

Question 15

family types

living apart together?

Answer 15

• not to cohabit, 10% adults in uk

Question 16

family types

empty nest families?

Answer 16

• couples whos children have left home, ageing population

Question 17

family types

boomerang families?

Answer 17

• children who have left home come back, after uni

Question 18

family types

childbearing?

Answer 18

• families getting smaller: low BR
• women less children/ delaying until older/ never having any

Question 19

childbearing

Murray?

Answer 19

• overgenerous welfare state, rise in LPs
• encourages women to have children, NF decreasing
• created a “perverse incentives”: rewarding irresponsable behaviour
• creates dependancy culture: rely on benefits

Question 20

childbearing

Feminists - Siwa?

Answer 20

• critical of NR, concern of LPs
• welfare state is to push women back into traditional roles, undermine equality & independance of women

Question 21

lone parenthood

lone parenthood

Answer 21

• rise in LPFs: SPFs
• 3x since 1971 britain: highest in europe
• 2019: 2.9 mil LPFs, 14.9% families
• london: 19.1% highest, SW England 10.9% lowest
• 9/10 matrifocial

Question 22

globalisation: impact on changing family

Black Caribbean & black African families: high LPFs

Berthoud

Answer 22

• 2018: 24% black families were SPFs, 10% white
• Berthoud: “modern individualism” : choice, individuality, quality of relationships

Question 23

globalisation: impact on changing family

Bangledehs, pakistani, indian families tend to be larger

Ballard?

Answer 23

• some households have 3 generations, rising value place on extended families in Asian cultures

Question 24

globalisation: impact on changing family

European immigrants?

Answer 24

• high rates of NF & decreasing divorce rates
• shared households tempary
• european immigration decreased: brexit