Changing Nations

Question 1

What is a push factor?

Answer 1

unfavourable quality or attribute of a person’s current location that drives them to move elsewhere

Question 2

What is a pull factor?

Answer 2

favourable quality or attribute that attracts people to a particular location

Question 3

What is FIFO

Answer 3

FIFO means ‘fly-in, fly-out’ it is a system in which workers fly to work in places such as remote mines and after a period of time, go back home

Question 4

what are the advantages and disadvantages of FIFO?

Answer 4

The advantages are
- good pay
-flights paid for
- home location preference
- the electricity and water bill of permanent house is lower as you are not always home

The disadvantages are:
- mental health -> isolation
- missing family
- missing special occasions and events
- workplace doesn’t have adequate basic necessities
- effects locals as the fifo worker’s wages are not invested in local businesses and services but the chosen area of the worker

Question 5

Why do places like Africa and Asia have megacities that are continually growing compared to Europe and Oceania-Australia which are staying the same/ ‘stagnating’?

Answer 5

Most urban growth is from NATURAL INCREASE - Africa and Asia have a population growth majorly from births in contrast, Australia and Europe have population growth mainly from migration

Question 6

What is a megacity?

Answer 6

A city with more than 10 million inhabitants

Question 7

Slum

Answer 7

A run-down area of a city characterised by poor housing and poverty

Question 8

Congestion

Answer 8

when the demand for the road/pathways exceeds its designed capacity
- causes traffic jams
- pollution

Question 9

liveability

Answer 9

the qualities and characteristics of a place that support wellbeing and quality of life

Question 10

Sustainability

Answer 10

fulfilling the needs of current generations without compromising the needs of future generations

Question 11

Urbanisation

Answer 11

the growth and expansion of urban areas and the increasing proportion of people living in urban areas as compared to rural areas

Question 12

Population density

Answer 12

The amount of people in an area per square km - it identifies the intensity of land use and how crowded it is

Question 13

Population distribution

Answer 13

The pattern of where people live; distribution is not even because it is how many people live in different areas of a place

Question 14

Developed country

Answer 14

a nation that has achieved high levels of economic wealth, technological advancement and social well-being

Question 15

Developing country

Answer 15

A nation/country with a relatively low standard of living, poor infrastructure, and a lack of industrialisation

Question 16

Sanitation

Answer 16

refers to the public health conditions related to clean water, disposal of human excretion and waste and minimising the amount of bad germs

Question 17

Biodiversity

Answer 17

The number of different species in an area

Question 18

pollution

Answer 18

the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects; air, soil, water, sound, light

Question 19

Ecological footprint

Answer 19

amount of productive land needed on average by each person in a selected area for food, water, transport, housing and waste management

Question 20

Food desert

Answer 20

An area in a developed country where healthy food is difficult to obtain

Question 21

SDOH

Answer 21

Social determinants of Health - Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support.

Question 22

what does it mean to have a sea or tree change?

Answer 22

moving from urban area to the seaside or up in the mountains/ forest area

Question 23

What is social infrastructure

Answer 23

the facilities, spaces, services and networks that support the quality of life and wellbeing of our communities.

Question 24

how would 15-minute cities impact the sdoh of a resident?

Answer 24

• quick and easy access to healthcare and medical services
• social networks
• community engagement

Question 25

impact of climate change on cities

how can cities manage this?

Answer 25

• flooding (rising sea levels)
• heat (atmosphere)
  impacts the city’s residents and their health

hard engineering:
- building houses on stilts
- reflective paint
- storm surge / flood barriers
soft engineering:
- floot plains
- green spaces
- more trees (insulate)

Question 26

Quality of life

Answer 26

The degree to which an individual is healthy, comfortable and able to participate in leisure activities.