changes of state and states of matter Flashcards
(51 cards)
solid to liquid
melting
liquid to solid
freezing
liquid to gas
evaporating
gas to liquid
condensing
solid to gas
subliming
solids
- strong attractive forces between particles.
- form a regular lattice arrangement
- definite shape and volume
- vibrate (the hotter it becomes, the more it vibrates)
- don’t move from positions
Liquids
- weak attractive force between particles
- randomly arranged but stick together
- slide through each other
- definite volume but no definite shape
- constant movement but random motion. The Hotter the liquid, the faster
Gases
- Attractive force weak, free to move far apart
- particles move in straight lines.
- no volume, no shape.
- the hotter the gas, the faster the particles will move.
- constant random motion.
three states of matter
Solids liquids gases- all matter exists as one of these
particle theory
How the particles are arranged and how they move in each of the states of matter.
solids- distance
packed together closely
solids- energy
a little amount of energy.
solids movement
due to the small amount of energy, the particles can only vibrate around a fixed position.
liquid- distance
packed closely together
liquid- energy
enough energy to move randomly in any direction within the liquid.
liquid- movement
slide through each other, random movement, any direction
gas- distance
far apart
gas - energy
have enough energy to move quickly in any direction within the container.
gas- movement
quickly any direction.
A change of state happens when
when energy is taken away or added to the state of matter.
sublimation
when a solid instantly becomes a gaseous state without going through the liquid state when heated. This only happens to a few substances.
the melting point of ice/water
0C also freezing point
The boiling point of water
100C water boils into steam, the steam condenses into water
kinetic energy
the energy that a particle has due to its motion