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english language change > changes in english: vocabulary > Flashcards

changes in english: vocabulary Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

what is included in vocabulary?

A

lexis and semantics

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2
Q

how many words does the english language have?

A

650,000-1 million

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3
Q

what percentage of words in the english language are borrowed?

A

70%

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4
Q

what is borrowing?

A

the incorporation of words from other languages

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5
Q

why has english grown and changed so rapidly?

A

due to its global spread

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6
Q

what are ways of creating words?

A

blending compounding acronyms and initialisms

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7
Q

what is blending?

A

using parts of words to make a new one

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8
Q

what is compounding?

A

using two words to make a new one

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9
Q

what is an example of blending?

A

jeggings bromance

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10
Q

what is an example of compounds?

A

headache

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11
Q

what does it mean by compounded lexical term?

A

two words that are treated as one such as pole dancer

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12
Q

what is the functional theory?

A

that language changes because society does, language changes to fit its users

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13
Q

how does the future affect creation of words? modernisation

A

new ideas and objects are added to the vocabulary

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14
Q

what are two examples of objects that were added to the vocabulary (new inventions)?

A

cassette and cd (70/90)

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15
Q

what are two types of abbreviations?

A

initialisms and acronyms

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16
Q

what is an acronym?

A

something said as a word

17
Q

what is an initialism?

A

cannot be said as a word only letters

18
Q

how has morphology changed vocabulary>

A

thorugh morphemes, preix and suffix

19
Q

what is an example of how prefix has adapted?

A

unfriend

20
Q

what is an example of how suffixes have adapted?

A

hipsterism

21
Q

what are the two types of semantic change of vocabulary>

A

amelioration and pejoration

22
Q

what is amelioration?

A

words becoming more positive

23
Q

what is pejoration>

A

words becoming more negative

24
Q

historically what were perorated words associated with in terms of semantic meanings?

A

weaker social groups

25
Q

what is semantic reclamation?

A

social groups reclaiming the perorated words used for them

26
Q

what is an example of broadening

A

hoover

27
Q

what is an example of narrowing

A

meat and deer

28
Q

what is an example of semantic shift?

A

navigate used to be only used on boats

29
Q

what are the two words used for the reflection of language debate?

A

refelctionism and determinism

30
Q

what is reflectionism

A

that language reflects attitudes

31
Q

what is determinism

A

attitudes reflect language

english language change (3 decks)

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