Change Management Flashcards
What is systems thinking?
Systems Thinking is a conceptual framework that encompasses the whole, making patterns (and ways to change them) more understandable
According to author Peter Senge (1994), what is organizational learning?
A process within organizations in which people at all levels, individually and collectively, are continually increasing their capacity to learn and produce results they really care about.
What Is Open Systems Theory?
the view that any organization is a system that absorbs such environmental inputs as people factors, raw materials, capital, and information; uses them in such transformational processes as service delivery or manufacturing methods; and expels them as outputs such as finished goods or customer services.
What is a systems view?
the view that any organization is a system that absorbs such environmental inputs as people factors, raw materials, capital, and information; uses them in such transformational processes as service delivery or manufacturing methods; and expels them as outputs such as finished goods or customer services.
What are some pros of the chaos and complexity theory?
Flexibility, Creativity, Stability, Leverage
What are the 4 C’s of change?
create, communicate, connect, and congratulate
What is the appreciative inquiry theory?
an approach to large-scale organizational change that in- volves the analysis of positive and successful (rather than negative or failing) operations. At the core of appreciative inquiry is a belief that reality is socially constructed—that the world is created in conversation
The 4-D cycle guides OD practitioners and clients through the appreciative inquiry approach. What are the components of the 4-d cycle?
Discovery
Dream
Design
Destiny
What is discovery learning?
The indicator of learning in this method is the learners’ ability to do something after the training that they could not do before.
What is Experiential learning?
when a learner participates in an activity, reviews the activity, identifies useful knowledge or skills that were gained, and transfers the result to the workplace.
What type of learning activities attempt to duplicate life experience?
Experiential learning activities (ELAs) attempt to duplicate life experience. Participants experience what they are to learn before they discuss it.
What are the steps in Pfeiffer and Jones’ experiential learning cycle?
Step 1. Experiencing: Do Something
Step 2. Publishing: Share Observations
Step 3. Processing: Interpret Dynamics or Concepts
Step 4. Generalizing: Connect to Real Life
Step 5. Applying: Plan Effective Change
Which of the following uses data collection in the form of collecting people’s stories of something at its best by structuring questions and information to focus on the positive to initiate organizational change?
Action research
Neurolinguistic programming
Chaos and complexity theory
Appreciative inquiry theory
Appreciative inquiry theory
appreciative inquiry is an approach to large-scale organizational change that involves the analysis of positive and successful (rather than negative or failing) operations, which involves collecting data in the form of people’s stories
Cooperrider and Srivastva developed the 4-D cycle, which includes discovery, dream, design, and deliver, to guide OD professionals and clients through the appreciative inquiry approach.
False
Although Cooperrider and Srivastva did originate the concept of appreciative inquiry and develop the 4-D cycle, the four Ds in the cycle are discovery, dream, design, and destiny
One way that OD practitioners can begin using the appreciative inquiry approach is by adding positively focused questions to their coaching, consulting, and facilitating
True
using positive and hopeful questions that are focused on suc- cesses and possibilities is the most common way to begin a change process that follows the appreciative inquiry approach. Rather than beginning with a full-on appreciative inquiry in an organization, OD practitioners can use this type of questioning to get practice in using the approach
What phase of the 4-D cycle includes developing statements such as, “We want to be the employer of choice,”“We want to delight our customers,” and “We want to envision ideas for growth”?
Topic
the outset of an appreciative inquiry process involves determining the topic that the organization will focus on. The topic should be something important to the organi- zation and an area that, if improved, will make a big difference.
In what phase of the 4-D cycle do participants explore and discuss their visions, hopes, ideas, and dreams for the future?
Dream
because the dream phase of the 4-D cycle is where the members of the change team will work together to explore possibilities for the future.
The 4-D cycle starts with dreams and ends with substantive changes in an organization’s practices, processes, systems, and structures.
True
because the design phase is where plans are made to bring about the vision of the future through provocative propositions. Provocative propositions are statements that bridge the gap between the best of what is and the vision of what might be.
An output of the design phase in the 4-D cycle includes powerful statements referred to as provocative propositions.
True
because appreciative inquiry creates an environment that engages and excites people by discovering their aspirations and then makes those dreams come true by changing the organization’s practices, processes, systems, and structures.
Although it is critical for teams to identify the desired future state when planning a change initiative, individuals can often design and develop the needed solutions
false because to be successful, the change process requires inclusion and participation even when designing and developing solutions.
- What are the five steps in the Pfeiffer and Jones’s experiential learning cycle?
Topic selection, discover, dream, design, destiny
Experiencing, publishing, processing, generalizing, applying
Using questioning techniques, integrating multidisciplinary learning topics, using experiential activities to expand learning
Seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, smelling, tasting
Experiencing, publishing, processing, generalizing, applying
the five steps in Pfeiffer and Jones experiential learning cycle are experienc- ing, publishing, processing, generalizing, and ap- plying. The first step involves doing something. Next, observations are shared. Then dynamics or concepts are interpreted. These concepts are then applied to real life. Finally, effective change is planned.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of experiential learning activities?
They are directed toward a specific goal.
They are unstructured and free form.
They generate data and information for participant analysis.
They require processing or debriefing for maximum learning.
They are unstructured and free form.
experiential learning activities are structured; that is, they have specific steps and a process that must be followed to ensure results.
An action learning team is a group of four to eight people who determine the appropriate solution to be implemented when organizations reengineer and go through change.
false because an action learning team, although it does consist of four to eight people, does not determine appropriate solutions when organizations reengineer. The team exam- ines an organizational problem that has no easily identifiable solution.
The key benefit of having members from different functional areas of the organization on the action learning team is to provide a multidisciplinary view and fresh perspectives and approaches.
true because action learning teams benefit from a diverse makeup to provide a wide variety of perspectives on a problem.
