Change after the English Civil War Flashcards
Why was Charles I accused of treason?
He had killed his own countrymen in war and he wrote letters to the French and Irish enocuraging them to invade on his behalf
What happened in the Pride’s Purge?
Colonel Pride arrested 45 MPs for suporting the king and expelled many others who still wanted to negotiate with Charles
What was the Rump Parliament?
The group of MPs left in power who were against the King and did not support negotiating with him
Why were many afraid of singing the King’s death warrant?
They believed he had the Divine Right of Kings and they would be punished in hell
What does the term regicide mean?
The crime of killing a King
On what date was Charles I executed?
30th January 1649
Who became the Lord Protector after the execution of the King?
Oliver Cromwell
In which Irish town did Cromwell massacre the people?
Drogheda
Why did Cromwell order the massacre at Drogheda?
The Irish had rebelled, they still supported the King, they were in Cromwell’s view barbaric because they spoke Irish, were Catholic and lived on humble farms
What hypocritical action did Cromwell take?
He dissolved parliament and ruled with Major Generals
What were Cromwell’s religious beliefs?
He was a strict puritan
How did Cromwell’s puritan beliefs influence all of England?
He banned many things that were viewed as sinful like football, dancing, swearing, makeup, drinking etc.
What does the phrase ‘Ability not Nobility’ mean?
It is your talent and skill that should reflect your promotion in society, not your rank based on your title.
What was the name of the army Cromwell led in the English Civil War?
New Model Army
When Cromell died who took over?
His son, Richard Cromwell.
Why was Richard Cromwell an ineffective ruler?
He had inherited the role he did not have experience and could not keep control of the country
Who was invited back to run England after Richard Cromwell?
Charles II
In what year did Charles II return as monarch?
1660
What does the phrase ‘restoration’ refer to?
The restoring (bringing back) of the monarchy after the commonwealth.
What important document did Charles II have to sign before reclaiming the throne?
Declaration of Breda
Why was the Declaration of Breda so significant?
It forever changed the relationship between the King and Parliament - the King had to rule with Parliament
What was Charles II’s nickname?
The Merry Monarch
Which scientific institution did Charles II start?
The Royal Society
