Chang 1 Flashcards
is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.
Chemistry
Three major advances in the past century have enabled us to prevent and treat diseases.
Health and Medicine
is the basic unit of inheritance.
A gene
is the basic unit of inheritance.
A gene
is a by-product of many chemical processes
Energy
major sources of energy are
fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, and natural gas
Earth’s surface receives about _______ as much energy from sunlight as is contained in all of the known reserves of coal, oil, natural gas, and uranium combined.
10 times
conversion of sunlight directly to electricity using devices is called
photovoltaic cells
Another potential source of energy is,
nuclear fission
_____ the process that occurs in the sun and other stars, generates huge amounts of energy without producing much dangerous radioactive waste.
Nuclear fusion
A major disadvantage of burning fossil fuels is that they give off carbon dioxide, which is a
greenhouse gas
The “engine” that drives the ongoing computer revolution is the
microprocessor
The “engine” that drives the ongoing computer revolution is the
microprocessor
the microprocessor
the tiny silicon chip that has inspired countless inventions, such as laptop computers and fax machines.
the microprocessor
the tiny silicon chip that has inspired countless inventions, such as laptop computers and fax machines.
All sciences, including the social sciences, employ variations of what is called the ________, a systematic approach to research.
sci- entific method
Three major advances in this century have enabled us to
prevent and treat diseases:
- Surgery with anesthesia
- Enabling physicians to cure potentially fatal
conditions, such as an inflamed appendix; - and the introduction of vaccines and antibiotics
that make it possible to prevent diseases spread by
microbes.
fourth revolution in medicine.
Gene therapy
carried by inborn damage to a single gene.
Cystic fibrosis and hemophilia
is a by-product of many chemical processes.
Energy
Major sources of energy are fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, and
natural gas) and the estimated reserve of these fuels will last
us another
50 – 100 years.
______ viable source of energy for the future; 10
times as much energy from sunlight.
Solar energy
the conversion of sunlight
directly to electricity using these devices.
Photovoltaic cells
to use sunlight to obtain hydrogen
from water; the hydrogen can then be fed into a _______ to generate electricity.
fuel cell
another potential source of energy.
Nuclear fission
the process that occurs in the sun and other
stars, generates huge amounts of energy without producing
much dangerous radioactive waste.
Nuclear fusion
are materials that have no electrical
resistance and can therefore conduct electricity with no
energy loss; at very low temperatures (more than 400
degrees Fahrenheit below the freezing point of water)
Superconductors
the “engine” that drives the ongoing
computer revolution
Microprocessor
The function of microprocessor is judged by the
_____ with which it carries out mathematical
operations such as addition.
speed
Microprocessors have doubled speed in every
18
months.
The quality of any microprocessor depends on the
purity of the silicon chip and ability to add the
desired amount if other substances.
replacing silicon with molecules;
respond to light rather than to electrons
Molecular computing
Optical computers also would have much greater storage
capacity
than electronic computers.
insects communicate with one another by
emitting and reacting to special molecules _____
Pheromones
a tentative explanation for a set of observations
Hypothesis
a concise verbal or mathematical statement of a
relationship between phenomena that is always the same
under the same conditions.
Law
a unifying principle that explains a body of facts
and/or those laws that are based on them.
Theory
Democritus
Atomic Theory
has a definite (constant) composition and
distinct properties.
Substance
has a definite (constant) composition and
distinct properties.
Substance