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Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

Maximum amount of RS in a Brut Nature

A

3G/L

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2
Q

Range of Sugar (in g/l) in champagne designated as Extra Sec

A

12-17g/l

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3
Q

Minimum RS for champagne labelled Doux

A

50g/l

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4
Q

Champagne designated demi-sec can have RS ranging between what

A

32-50g/l

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5
Q

Levels of Sweetness in Champagne

A 
Brut Nature: 0-3
Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-12
Extra Sec: 12-17
Sec: 17-32
Demi-Sec: 32-50
Doux: 50
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6
Q

What is a Bidule

A

A small plastic “cup” inserted into the neck of the champagne bottle to collect the sediment that forms during secondary fermentation

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7
Q

What is the Carnet de Pressoir

A

It is the logbook that keeps a record of the weight of the grapes heading to the press

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8
Q

What is “wet champagne/champagne humide”

A

Referring to the Kimmeridgean marls of the Aube that retain water

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9
Q

What is dry champagne/champagne pouilleuse

A

Areas of champagne with a chalk soil. This sucks the moisture from the overhead soil, making the land devoid of most plant life but great for vine growing

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10
Q

What is a Coquard

A

A wide shallow version of the traditional basket press

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11
Q

How many litres of juice are allowed to be used from the first press

A

2050

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12
Q

Cuvée has two meanings in champagne. Name them

A

1) the blended wine before secondary fermentation

2) the first 2050 litres of juice, drawn from the first pressing

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13
Q

Dégorgement a la Glace vs Dégorgement a la Volée

A

Disgorging via brine bath vs disgorging by hand

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14
Q

Define Première Taille

A

After the first press/cuvée, the next 500 litre

“First cut”

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15
Q

Define Deuxième Taille

A

After the First Cut, the next 116 litres of juice. This is not allowed in the production of champagne, but can be used for still wine production

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16
Q

The name for the trash that was used as fertilizer in Champagne from 1960-1998

A

Gadoux

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17
Q

Define the term Late Disgorged

A

A champagne that has undergone extended time aging sur pointe before being released to the market

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18
Q

Define Liqueur de Tirage

A

A mixture of yeast and sugar added to start the secondary fermentation

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19
Q

What is Marque Auxillaire

A

A private label bottling

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20
Q

The french name for the wire cage that holds the cork down

A

Muselet

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21
Q

Define Poignetage

A

The act of shaking a bottle as it is moved in order to dislodge yeast that is sticking to the sides of the glass

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22
Q

Define Ratafia

A

A combination of grape spirit and unfermented grape juice (fortified to 20%)

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23
Q

What is Remplissage

A

When one tops up a bottle of disgorged wine with more of the same champagne

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24
Q

Define Vin de Goute

A

Free run juice

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25
Min aging for NV champagne
15 months from time of tirage | 12 months on lees
26
Min aging of Vintage Champagne
36 months from date of Tirage
27
What are the 6 Grand Cru communes of the Cote des Blancs
``` Chouilly Oiry Cramant Avize Oger Mesnil-Sur-Oger ```
28
1 Grand Cru of the Vallée de la Marne
Ay
29
What are the 9 GC of the Montagne de Reims
``` Sillery Puisieuix Beaumont-Sur-Vesle Verzenay Mailly-Champagne Verzy Louvois Bouzy Ambonnay ```
30
How many members of Special Club are there
28
31
What would RC tell you on a label of champagne
A wine made by a co-op, then sold under a grape grower’s individual label
32
What would SR tell you on the bottle of champagne
Wine made and sold by a co-op of growers
33
A private label champagne would have what initials written on the label
MA
34
What is the governing body of Champagne
CIVC
35
Allowable amount of Pinot M in Rosé des Riceys
Zero Must be 100% Pinot NoiR
36
What is the maximum amount of a year’s harvest that can be sold as vintage champagne
80%
37
Inaugural vintage for Bollinger’s R.D.
1952 (released in 1967)
38
Bollinger is located in what village
Ay
39
The prestige cuvée of Perrier-Jouët
Belle Époque
40
Who produces La Grand Dame
Veuve Clicquot
41
Selosse’s Substance is what style of champagne
Blanc de Blancs
42
Selosse is based out of what village in champagne
Avize (in the Aube)
43
Who produces Clos du Mesnil
Krug
44
Who produces Cuvée Spéciale les Chétillons
Pierre Peters 100% chard
45
What was the inaugural vintage of Clos des Goisses
1935
46
Clos des Goisses is primarily what grape
70% pinot | 30% chard
47
Which Champagne house invented the Muselet
jacquesson
48
The quantity of fruit in a coquard is known as what. How much juice can it yield
The Marc At approximately 4 tons, it yields 2666 litres of juice
49
Name 3 champagne houses that prefer fermentation in oak
Krug Bollinger Gratien
50
What is the limit of sugar permissible during the Liqueur de Tirage
27g/l
51
What is the maximum amount of additional alcohol created during the secondary fermentation
1.5%
52
Roerderer’s Cristal was originally made for what important figure
The Czar Alexander The 2nd
53
Drapier is a producer in what region
Cotes des Bar
54
Selosse is located in what village
Avize
55
Vilmart is based in what subzone
Montagne de Reims
56
Most planted grape in Ambonnay
PN
57
Trellising system in Champagne
Cordon de Royat for PN/PM | Chablis for Chardonnay
58
When would you classically harvest in the region
Late October
59
How big is Clos de Goisses
5.5 ha
60
First vintage of Clos des Goisses
1935
61
Clos des Goisses overlooks what river
The Marne
62
Clos des Goisses is in what village
Mareuil-Sue-Ay
63
Paul Bara Grand Rosé is a mono cru from what village
Bouzy
64
What was the first mono cru wine in Champagne
Salon In Le Mesnil sur Oger
65
When was Louis Roederer founded
1776
66
Sugar choices for Chanpagne and their contribution to the wine
Cane Sugar - easily dissolves though some feel it oxidizes too easily Beet Sugar - adds richness/earthiness MCR - can use less and still does the same job
67
Characteristics of Pinot Meunier in the vineyard
Late budding Early ripening Resistant to frost and mildew Likes clay soils
68
The special club bottling by Champagne Moussé is based on what grape variety
100% Meunier
69
Define Jetting
Injecting nitrogen after dosage to ensure reductive characteristics
70
The Marne Valley is known for what grape
Meunier
71
Characteristics of Arbane
Low yielding Small bunches Produces a weightier style of wine
72
What is Sur Latte Purchasing
The purchase and relabelling of a finished bottle of champagne Frowned upon tho does continue to a small degree
73
Alfred Gratien is based in what village
Epernay | - makes a very oxidative style of wine, fermented in wood, manually riddled and disgorges
74
What style of champagne does Ruinart make
Reductive - younger reserve wines - stainless steel (was first house to go all stainless) - lower dosage
75
Define importance of Professor Robinet
Discovered correct proportion of liqueur de tirage to begin secondary fermentation
76
In what year did king Louie first allow wine to be shipped in bottle
1728
77
The Butte de Saran is a topographical feature in what subzone
Cote des Blancs (bordering Oiry and Cramant)
78
How do wines sourced from grapes from Avize differ from Oger
Oger is austere, linear | Avize is powerful, riper
79
Diebolt-Vallois is an estate in what commune?
Cramant
80
The champagne wine region consists of what three departments
Aube, Marne and Aisne (south to north, sort of)
81
How many villages are there in the Champagne Viticole
319 | 17 grand cru, 42 1er Cru
82
when was the first intentionally sparkling wine made in Champagne
approx 1695/1698
83
approx how many bottles of champagne are produced each year
312 million (2015)
84
what was the first prestige cuvee
Dom Perignan (1937)
85
minimum potential alcohol needed before harvesting can occur
9%
86
define débourbage
juice settling (particulate matter falls out of solution)
87
why might you add benonite clay when adding the liqueur de tirage
to help with the riddling process, it keeps lees from sticking to the bottles. It will be disgorged before final bottling
88
define "peptides"
2 or more amino acids bound together
89
typically, how much of the total volume of bottle does the dosage make up
1%
90
define peseur
the weighing of a harvest of grapes
91
what is the carnet de pressoir
the logbook by which grape harvest is measured each year champagne in the only region in france with mandatory weight records
92
what is the fete de cochelet
the celebration at the end of harvest
93
define "reserve individuelle"
an extra quantity of grapes a grower is allowed to harvest and stockpile in case of a bad future vintage. It is not permitted for champagne production until it is officially released by the CIVC. The amount of allowable amount of grapes varies by year (in 2014, it was 3100 kg/ha). When it is allowed to be released, it is referred to as reserve de deblocage.
94
define "libre"
the total amount of allowable yield to be made into champagne. It is a combination of the rendement d'appellation Champagne and the reserve de deblocage.
95
define DPLC
Depassement du Plafond Limite de Classement ( the excess vinified grapes that are not permitted for use in Champagne production. They are sold to a distillerary and must exist the winery by December 15th of the year following harvest.
96
LVMH owns what champagne houses
``` Moet Dom P Ruinart Krug Veuve Mercier ```
97
The three villages of the Rosé des Riceys AOC
Ricey-Haut Ricey Bas Ricey-Haute-Rive
98
what champagne house produces a Coteaux Champenois named La Cote aux Enfants
Bollinger
99
define rebeche
the final 116 litres of juice extract from the press. it used in the production of Ratfia
100
minimum aging for Ratafia Ratafia Vieux Ratafia Tres Vieux
Ratafia = 10 months Ratafia Vieux = 3 years Ratafia Tres Vieux = 8 years
101
How do Fine Champenois and Marc de Champagne differ
Fine Champenois is an eau de vie distilled from grapes authorizied for champagne production Marc de Champagne is an eau de vie distilled from the pomace of pressed champagne grapes
102
what is the most popular rootstock used in champagne
41b (more than 80% of vines are planted on it, as it has an affinity for chalky soils
103
what pruning method is used exclusively for Pinot Meunieur
Vallée de la Marne | similar to double guyot but the two canes run in the same direction
104
Mont Aimé is in what sub region
Cotes des Blanc | South of the village of Vertus, flinty soils
105
Larmandier-Bernier is located in what sub region
Cotes Des Blanc | - Vertus
106
The Vesle River runs through what subregion
Montagne de Reims (just south of Reims)
107
What two villages in the Montagne de Reims are known for Chardonnay production
Trépail and Villers-Marmery | Both have chalk soils and face east
108
What is the general aspect of the village of Bouzy
South facing
109
What tributary of the Marne River rubs between the Cote des Blancs and the Cote de Sezanne
Petit Morin
110
In what village in the Cote des Blancs would one be most likely to find Pinot Noir
Vertus
111
Etrechy is a 1er Cru village in what subregion
Val du Petit Morin | Just SW of Vertus
112
What is the only ranked village in the Val du Petit Morin
Etrechy
113
What is the only ranked village in the Coteaux Sud d’Epernay
Pierry
114
Where is the Coteaux Sud d’Epernay
SE of Epernay, | north of the Cote des Blanc
115
In what year was the CIVC founded
1941
116
When was the first vintage of Clos de Mesnil
1979
117
Who was the first Special Club producer to release a rosé wine
Paul Bara
118
What style of champagne is Vielles Vignes Francaises
100% Pinot Noir
119
The grapes for Bollinger’s Vielles Vignes Francaise are sources from where
Two plots in the village of Ay: Chaudes Terres and Clos St. Jacques Ungrafted and planted en foule
120
When was the first vintage of Vielles Vignes Francaise
1970
121
Who produces Clos du Moulin
Cattier | In Ludes
122
Smallest GC village in MdR
Puisieulx
123
How many villages are in Champagne Viticole
357
124
How long does Blanc de Millionaires age on its lees
15 years
125
First brut champagne released and by who
Pommery 1874
126
Define Bourbs
Left over skin from settled juice
127
How many bottles does a gyropalette hold
504
128
Max extraction for champagne production
102 litres of must per 160 kg of grapes
129
When did selosse’s solera start
1986
130
Champ Cain is a single vineyard release from what producer and where is it from
Jacquesson (avize)
131
In what year was Les Mesnil promoted to a Cote des Blancs Grand Cru
1985
132
Le Mont Joly, Monts Martin and Les Musettes are lieu dit in what commune
Le Mesnil
133
define "cork juponé" vs "cork Chevillé"
Juponé refers to the mushroom shaped nature of a young cork after release. Chevillé refers to the peg shape of an older cork, as it breaks down overtime and doesnt reexpand when released
134
approximately how many champagne houses are there?
340
135
Drappier's NV is predominantly what grape?
Pinot Noir
136
Maximum amount of sugar that can be added for Liqueur de Tirage
27g (limiting amount of additional alcohol to 1.5%)
137
why might bentonite clay be added during the Liqueur de Tirage phase
to assist with riddling
138
What historic grape would have been used for “Vin de la rivière”?
Gouais Blanc
139
What historic grape would have crafted Vin de la Montagne
Gouais Noir
140
In champagne, gouais blanc was known locally as what
Marmot
141
When did Pinot Noir make its first appearance in Champagne?
1500s
142
How many grams of sugar will equal 1 atm of pressure
4
143
How many bottles of wine could be riddled by hand in a day
40,000
144
What is bas vin
The cloudy left over wine after disgorgement
145
Who patented disgorgement a la glace
Armand Walfard, a Belgian, in 1884
146
When did champagne begin to become dry
1850s (for US and British Markets)
147
The muselet replaced what original type of bottle seal
Ficelage (string and cork)
148
Jacquesson is based in what village
Dizy
149
Generally speaking, which fermentation in champagne is longer?
The 2nd (around 30 days) vs the 1st (7-10 days)
150
What is the rendement d’appellation Champagne
The annual yield
151
The villages of rosé des riceys flank what river
Laignes
152
When was the AOC of Coteaux Champenois created?
1974
153
What is the name of Bollinger’s Coteaux Champenois?
La Cote aux Enfants
154
Min RS of Ratafia
110g/l
155
How is Ratafia made?
Champagne grape must (coming from the rebeche) fortified with grape spirit (made from champagne grapes). Abv 16-22%
156
What is the difference between Marc de Champagne and Fine Champenois
Marc is made from pomace | Fine is made from distilling wine
157
What is the maximum amount of harvest that can be used for vintage champagne production.
80% | In actually practice, usually only 20% is used
158
Generally speaking, how is Rosé champagne made
10-20% of still red wine is added to still white wine before the secondary fermentation Saignée is also possible though rarer
159
Champagne receives an average of how many hours of sunlight
1650
160
Avg price of a hectracre of land in champagne
850,000
161
What two villages were recently recommended for removal from the champagne viticole
Germaine | Orbais-l’Abbaye
162
What area is referred to as the Tardenois
The area encompassing the Vesle and Ardre river valleys heading west from Reims Mostly Pinot Meunier Villages of Sacy, Vrigny, Ecueil, etc
163
Monts de Berru is most planted to what grape
Chardonnay
164
Vitry-le-Francois is mostly planted to what grape
Chardonnay
165
The Cotes des Bar is subdivided into what 2 subregions
Bar - Sur -Aubes (in the north Barséquanais (in the south)
166
What was Reims called during the Roman Era
Durocortorum
167
Describe the importance of the Treaty of Verdun
Created a three way division of Charlemagne’s empire, giving Charles the west (modern day western France) Lothair the east (hence the Lorraine area) and Louis what is now Germany
168
who produces Clos St Hillaire
Billecart-Salmon (bdb)
169
who produces Grand Sendree
Drappier (single vineyard, vintage dated, PN/Chard blend)
170
first vintage of dom perignan
1921
171
what is the the largest village in reims
Verzy
172
Vauolrent is a 1er cru nested within what large one
Fourchaume
173
name two 1er cru of the Cotes des Blanc
Cuis and Vertus
174
what years in the 1980s was salon produces
82, 83, 85, 88
175
Egly-Ouriet's Les Vigne de Vrigny is based on what grape
Meunier
176
what is the tete de cuvee of de Venoge
``` Les Vins des Princes (bdb) Louis XV (pinot/chard) ```
177
Who produces Cuvee Louis Where is it made What are the grapeS
Tarlant Valle de Marne PN/Chard Oak aged, rich
178
where are the Ardennes hills?
separate champagne from belgium
179
what two rivers run through the Aube
Seine and Aube
180
what are the grapes used in Aubry's Le Nobre d’Or Campanae Vetres Vites,
secondary varietals like arbanne and petit meslier
181
when was the civc formed
1941
182
what is transversage
the transferring of champagne to a large vat to be rebottled in unique formats
183
what is Bouvreaux
a 2nd crop of grapes that appears during flowering. note used for wine production
184
Who produces Coeur de Cuvee
Vilmart (80 chard/20Pinot from Rilly-la-Montagne 1er cru)
185
Who produces Celebris
Gosset (Pinot/Chard from multiple vineyards)
186
what is the smallest village in reims
puissileux
187
Who mAkes cuvee paradis
Alfred Gratien Chard/Pinot blend from epernay
188
Clos Tarin was the original name of what famous wine
Clos de Mesnil
189
what is the inaugral vintage of Krug's Clos de Mesnil
1979
190
what is the inaugral vintages of Krug's Clos d'Ambonnay
1995
191
Name 3 single vineyard champagnes from the Cotes des Blancs
Clos de Mesnil Les Chetillions Les Carelles (Le Mesnil)
192
Name two of Selosse's 100% Pinot Noir wines
Sous Le Mont (Mareuil) | Le Bout du Clos (Ambonnay)
193
Selosse's Substance is sourced from what village
Avize
194
what style of wine is Selosse's Il Était Un Fois
chard-based fortified wine. | the solara is in his parking lot
195
what is the primary difference between Selosse's Initial and Version Originale
Initial comes from the lower slopes VO comes from the higher slopes both are made from a combination of three years from 3 villages (Avize, Cramant, oger)
196
Who produces Liesse d’Harbonville
Ployez-Jacquemart
197
Cedric Bouchard's domaine name
Roses De Jeanne
198
what is the name of Cedric Bouchard's saignee rose
Creux d'Enfers
199
what is the name of Cedric Bouchard's 100% chard bottling
La Haute-Lamblé
200
Marie Courtin's "Presence" is a blend of what two grapes
chard/pinot blanc
201
Egly-Ouriet is in what village
Ambonnay
202
describe Egly-Ouriet's VP Extra Brut
extended lees aging (7 years) before release, mostly pinot
203
describe Selosse's Exquise
a sec wine with 24 g/l made from 100% chard
204
what was the first vintage of Pierre Peter's Les Chetillions
1971
205
Horiot is most famous for wine in what aoc
rose des riceys
206
how many bottles in a gyro palette
504
207
how was the 2001 vintage
bad
208
what two parcels produce Vielles Vigne Francais
clos saint jacques | chaudes terres
209
name three vintages of Salon
2002 1999 1997
210
what is pointage
shaking the bottles to stop sediment from getting stuck
211
what is the max press yield
102 litre per 160 kg
212
what is the grape of Cedric Bouchard La Boloree
pinot blanc
213
what is the grape of Egly-Ouriet's Les Crayeres
Pinot Noir (from Ambonnay)
214
what is the best vintage of champagne in the 1920s
1921
215
how many bottles can a Pupitre hold
120
216
what are the best vintages of champagne in the 80s
85,88,89
217
who produces Femme de Champagne
Duval Leroy
218
who made the first vintage champagne
perrier jouet 1825
219
name three solera method bottlings
Selosse Substance Bereche Reflets d'Antan Olivier Horiot Solera Loriot-Pagel Perpetuelle Reserve
220
what was the earliest pick date in champagne since 1960? latest?
1972 (10/12) 2022 (8/18)
221
how much voltis is authorized in champagne
5%
222
who produces Cuvee Josephine
Joseph Perrier located in Marne Valley
223
who is the only special club producer in the aube
remy messin
224
most planted grape in Trepail 1er cru
chardonnay
225
a 100% PG wine
Drappier's Trop M'en
226
Who produces the cuvees Vignes de Montgeux and Le Cotet
Jacques Lassaignes (chardonnay)
227
vinification requirement of Rose des Riceys
whole cluster fermentation
228

Champagne (2 decks)

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