Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

France_Champagne > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

What larger region is Champagne apart of?

A

Grand Est

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What grapes varieties are allowed in Champagne?

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Petite Messlier
Arbane
Voltis - 2022

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What percentage of plantings are Pinot Gris, Petite Messlier and Arbane?

What has caused their decline?

A

0.3%

Difficulty to grow and not replanted after Phylloxera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Pinot Gris called in Champagne?

A

Fromenteau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who is known for reviving Pinot Gris, Petite Messlier and Arbane in the 80s?

Who else works with these grapes?

A

L. Aubry Fils

Drappier
Laherte Freres
Tarlant
Rene Geoffroy
Apagrart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe how Pinot Noir buds and ripen in reference to it’s plantings in Champagne

A
  • Buds early making it susceptible to frost
  • Ripens later those other champagne varieties (early compared to most grapes) making it susceptible to frost.
  • It also requires longer to develop complexity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe how Meunier buds and ripen in reference to it’s plantings in Champagne

A

Buds late helping avoid frost
Ripens early helping avoid frost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe how Chardonnay buds and ripen in reference to it’s plantings in Champagne

A

Buds early making it susceptible to frost
Ripens early helping avoid frost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Meunier named after?

A

Meunier means miller in French

Names comes from the fuzz on the leaves that looks like a dusting of flour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was Meunier formerly known as?

A

Morillon Taconne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Chardonnay called in Champagne?

A

Epinette
Morillon blanc
Romeret

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe Arbanne

A
  • Very late ripening
  • High acid
  • Savory and herbal
  • Austere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List producers that make a 100% Arbane

A

Olivier Horiot (Aube)
Moutard Pere et Fils (Aube)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was Pinot Blanc confused for in Champagne and when was it distinguished?

A

Morillion Blanc (Chardonnay)

1868 by French amelographer Victor Pulliat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What village is known for having most of the Pinot Blanc planted in Champagne?

A

Celles-sur-Ource, Barsequanais, Aube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List wines that are make with 100% Pinot Blanc

A
  • Pierre Gerbais, “L’Originale”, Celles-Sur-Ource, Barsequanais, Aube
  • Bouchard (Roses de Jeanne) “Boloree”, Celles-Sur-Ource, Barsequanais, Aube
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What village is known for Petite Messlier?

A

Venteuil, River Droite, Valle de la Marne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name a 100% Petite Messlier Champagne

A

Duval-Leroy “Précieuse”, Venteuil, Rive Droite, Valle de la Marne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What styles are allowed in Chateaux Champenois?

A

White
Rose
Red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

List top examples of White Coteaux Champenois

A
  • Larmandier-Bernier’s Cramant Nature
  • Bérêche et Fils’ Le Mont Fournois, Ludes
  • Henri Giraud’s Aÿ blanc
  • Jacques Lassainge’s Coteaux Champenois, Montgueux
  • François Secondé’s Sillery Blanc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the two styles of Coteaux Champenois Rouge and list examples

A

Elegant, mineral drive
- Paul Bara Bouzy Rouge
- Pierre Paillard’s Bouzy Rouge
- Marie-Noëlle Ledru’s Ambonnay Rouge
- Gatinois’ Aÿ Rouge
- François Secondé’s Sillery Rouge
- Georges Laval’s Cumières Rouge
- Bérêche et Fils’ red from the village of Ormes
- David Léclapart’s Trépail Rouge
- Larmandier-Bernier’s Vertus Rouge
- Franck Pascal’s Confiance

Powerful concentrated wines similar to Burgundy
- Egly-Ouriet’s Cuvée des Grands Côtes
- Gonet-Médeville’s Cuvée Anthenaïs
- René Geoffroy’s Cumières Rouge
- Bollinger’s Côte aux Enfants
- Benoît Lahaye’s Bouzy Rouge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the four vine training systems allowed in Champagne and what are they used for?

A

Cordon de Royat - Pinot Noir
Chablis
Guyot
Valle de la Marne - Only Meunier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the climate of Champagne?

A

Considered martime with a continental influce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the biggest climate risks in Champagne?

A

Extreme weather spikes
- Frosts are danger into late spring
- Heatwaves in the summer
- Hail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What parallel is Champagne located on?

A

49th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is Boues de ville?

A

Sanitized urban compost from Paris that was spread across the vineyards
- Banned in 1999
- Blue trash bags are still found in the vineyard
- Brought heavy metal contamination to the soils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is a Crayeres?

A

Deep pits and tunnels dug into Chalk
- Originally dug in Gallo-Roman times 2000 years ago to quarry chalk for buildings
- Pyramid shaped with a small hole in the top up to 100 feet deep
- Only found on the north side of Reims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Who first used Crayeres as a cellar?

A

Ruinart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Who is famous for their decorated Crayeres?

A

Pommery
- Has the most ornate examples thanks to Madame Louise Pommery
- She acquired 120 crayères in 1870s covering more than 11 miles of tunnels and rooms
- She commissioned Champenois artist Gustave Navlet to carve a huge bas-reliefs of bacchic times directly into the walls
- Project took 3 years to complete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How were the chalk soils in Champagne formed?

A
  • Result of a vast sea that covered the area during the Campanian era of the Cretaceous period 72 million years ago
  • Formed by sediment from tiny fossils and calcareous algae
  • Thick layer up to 1,000 feet deep in some areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the two layers of chalk found in Champagne?

A

Belemnite
- Upper slope made of the fossilized calcite beaks of cephalopods

Micraster
- Lower slope made of fossilized sea urchins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is Cendres Noirs?

A

Lignite (“Black ashes”) - low grade coal formed from compressed peat

Prior to modern fertilizer, quarries of cendres noires allowed vine growers to replenish their soils. Still done in Ambonnay and Bouzy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the main soil type of the Cotes des Bar?

A

Kimmerdgian limestone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is Sparnacian?

A

Stratum of soils
- Sands
- Clays
- Limestone
- Lightnite (cendres noirs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What general soil types relative to slope in Champagne?

A

Top Slope - Clay and limestone (often Sparnacian)
Mid Slope - Belemnite
Low Slope - Micraster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Who was the first Champagne producer to certify biodynamic?

List others

A

Fleury - 1992

  • Françoise Bedel
  • Larmandier-Bernier
  • David Léclapart
  • Leclerc-Briant
  • Vouette & Sorbée
  • Louis Roederer (not certified but the largest bioD vineyard owner)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What directions to the vineyards face in Verzenay and Verzy?

A

North

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What villages were promoted to Grand Cru in 1985?

A

Verzy
Chouilly
Oiry
Oger
Mesnil-sur-Oger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

List notable sites in Verzy

A

Les Fervins
Les Epinettes
Les Blanches Voies

Penet-Chardonnet makes all 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

List producers from Verzy

A

Mouzon-Leroux
Penet-Chardonnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is Villers-Marmery almost entirely planted with?

A

Chardonnay - East facing Slopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

List notable sites in Villers-Marmery

A

Champs d’Enfer
Brocot
Les Alouettes Saint-Betzs - Hugues Godme

A. Margaine makes all 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

List prominent produces that use fruit from Villers-Marmery

A

Deutz
- Blanc de Blancs, Amour de Deutz

Arnaud Margaine
- All vines are from Villers-Marmey except for small plot of Pinot Noir in Verzy

Hughes Godme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is Trepail mostly planted with?

A

Chardonnay - East and southeast facing slopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Who is the most regarded producer in Trepail?

A

David Leclapart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is Ambonnay mostly planted with?

A

Pinot Noir 80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

List important sites in Ambonnay

A

Les Crayeres - Benoit Marguet
Les Bermonts- Benoit Marguet
La Grande Ruelle - Benoit Marguet, Gonet-Medville
Le Bout du Clos - Jacques Selosse
Le Parc - Benoit Marguet
Clos du Ambonnay - Krug Monopole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is most planted in Louvois?

A

Pinot Noir - 80-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is most planted in Tauxieres?

Name a notable vineyard

A

Pinot Noir - 80-90%

Les Argentieres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Describe the climate of Bouzy

A

Warmer and sunnier than most of the Montagne de Reims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is most planted in Bouzy?

A

Pinot Noir - 80-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

List notable sites in Bouzy

A

Les Maillerettes - Pierre Paillard
Les Mottelettes - Pierre Paillard
Les Monts des Tours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

List prominent producers in Bouzy

A

Paul Bara
Benoit Lahaye
Jean Vesselle
Hubert Dauvergne
Pierre Paillard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

List notable sites in Tours-sur-Marne

A

Les Meslaines - Liamiable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is the breakdown of planting in the Montagne de Reims?

A

41% Pinot Noir
34% Meunier
25% Chardonnay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What subzone in Montagne de Reims is known for Meunier?

A

Petite Montagne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What are the subzones of Montagne de Reims?

A

Massif de St. Thierry
Monts de Berru
Vesle
Ardre
Petite Montaigne
Grand Montaigne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is Brulart?

A

Most famous Champagne estate in the 17th century, located in Sillery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

How long is the Cote des Blancs?

A

12 miles north to south

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

How do wines from the northern Cote des Blanc compares to the south?

A

North - Richer due to higher clay content
South - More tense and saline due to more chalk and limestone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

List a producer known for the Cuis 1er wine

A

Pierre Gimmonet, Blanc de Blanc, Cuis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is Chouilly quality designation?

A

Grand Cru for Chardonnay
Premiere Cru for Pinot Noir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What are the two sections of Chouilly?

A
  • Les Pertelains - Northwestern part, less desirable
  • Butte de Sarran
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is the Butte de Sarran?

A

A large outcropping of rock between Chouilly and Cramant with vineyards planted on it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

List notable sites in Chouilly

A

Les Grandes Terres
Montaigu - Suenen
Les Aventures - AR Lenoble “Les Aventures”, Vazart Coquart TC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What direction to vineyards in Cramant face?

A

East - Sits on the southern part of the Butte de Sarran creating an open facing amphitheater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

List notable sites on Cramant

A

Chemins des Chalons - Jacques Selosse
Les Robarts - Suenen
Buzons
Gros Monts
Pimonts
Les Buissons
Les Moyens
Bourrons de Levant
Le Fond de Bâteau
Les Bionnes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

List producers known for Cramant holdings or bottlings

A

Diebolt-Vallois - Cuvee Prestige, Fleur de Passion
Lilbert Fils
Larmandier-Bernier
Lancelot-Pienne
Jacques Selosse - “Chemin de Châlons”
Suenen - Les Robarts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

List notable sites in Avize

A
  • La Fosse - Agrapart Venus
  • Les Chantereines - Jacques Selosse (Used in Substance)
  • Champ Cain - Jacquesson

_
- Chemin de Pivot - Used in Larmandier Bernier Les Chemins d’Avize
- Chemin de Flavigny - Used in Larmandier Bernier Les Chemins d’Avize
- Les Marvillannes - Used in Selosse Substance
- Le Champ Bouton
- Nemery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

List producers known for their Avize

A
  • Agrapart - Venus from “La Fosse”
  • Jacques Selosse - “Les Chantereines”
  • Jacquesson - “Champ Cain”
  • Larmandier-Bernier - Les Chemins d’Avize frm “Chemin de Plivot” and “Chemin de Flavigny”

_
- Louis-Roederer - uses in blends
- Billecart-Samon - uses in blends
- Tattinger - uses in blends
- Moet & Chandon - uses in Dom Perignon
- Charles Heidsieck - uses in Blanc des Millenaires
- Veuve Cliquot - Uses in La Grande Dame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

List producers known for Oger

A

Claude Cazals
Jean Michel
Jean Milan
Charles Heidsieck - uses in Blanc des Millenaires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

List notable sites in Oger

A

Clos Cazals - Claude Cazals
Terres de Noel - Jean Michel, Jean Milan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

List notable sites in Le Mesnil-sur-Oger

A
  • Clos du Mesnil - Krug Monopole
  • Les Chétillons - Pierre Peters, Pierre Moncuit Cuvée Nicole Moncuit Vielle Vigne, Robert Moncuit
  • Les Musettes
  • Coullemets
  • Le Mont Joly
  • Monts Martin
  • Hautes Mottes - JL Vergnon Confidence
  • Les Carelles - Jacques Selosse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

What is Vertus mostly planted with?

A

Chardonnay - 92%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Describe the two sections of Vertus

A

Northern Side - closer to Mesnil, chalk with little topsoil
Southern Side - Deeper clay, also good for Pinot Noir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

List notable sites in Vertus

A

Les Barillées
Les Faucherets
La Vielle Voie
Les Monts Ferrés
Clos de L’Abbaye - Doyard
Les Rougesmonts - Veuve Fourny
Clos Faubourg Notre Dame - Veuve Fourny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

List notable sites in Oiry

A

La Cocluette - Suenen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

List notable sites in Bergereles-les-Vertus

A

Le Mont Aime - Pascal Doquet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is a marc?

A

8,800 pounds (4000 kg) of grapes put into a press in Champagne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Who is the most common traditional press maker in Champagne?

A

Coquard Press

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

What is Auto-Pressurage?

A

The first 100 L of free run juice that is discarded because it can contain dust and other impurities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

What is a serre?

A

Each round of pressing after Auto-pressurage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

What are the 3 presses in Champagne?

A

Cuvee - 2,050 liters - best quality, Coeur de Cuvee is the middle 1,800 litres
Taille - 500 liters, lesser quality, often sold off
Rebeche - final 10%, cannot be used for Champagne so it’s used for vinegar or distilled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

What is a retrousse?

A

Using a pitchfork to separate grape between pressings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

What is debourbage?

A

Overnight settling of must to clarify

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

List presses used in Champagne

A

Traditional Champagne press - Vertical Basket
Pneumatic Press
Pressoir automatique a plateau incline (PAI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Describe a PAI press

A

Made by Coquard
Horizontal press with a large plate tilted at an angle
Plate pushes grapes against the opposite wall of the press
When the plate retracts grapes fall naturally with gravity, making the retrousse unnecessary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

What is the base wine for Champagne called?

A

Vin clairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

When were concrete and stainless vats for ferment introduced in Champagne?

A

1960s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

What selected yeast can biodynamic champagne producers use?

A

Quartz

Selected from Champagne Fleury vineyards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

List producers that do not allow malo

A

Lanson
Gosset
Alfred Gratien

92
Q

What is the mixture of sugar and yeast added to start secondary fermentation called?

What is the ratio?

A

Liqueur de Tirage

4g sugar creates 1 amtosphere of pressure - 24 grams is standard

93
Q

At what pressure were Cote de Blancs bottled in the past?

Why and what was this style called?

A

4 bars

Give creamier texture and mouthfeel

Cremants

94
Q

List some wines that are still bottled in the old “cremant” style of the Cote de Blancs

A

Pierre Gimmonet’s Gastronome
Pierre Péters’ Perle du Mesnil
Lilbert’s Perle
Louis Roederer’s vintage dated Blanc de Blancs

95
Q

What is remuage?

Who does this?

A

Ridding by hand

Remuer

96
Q

How bottles can a gyropalette hold?

A

504

97
Q

List and describe disgorgement methods

A

Degorgement a la glace - neck of bottle is dipped in -16.6 F brine and sediment is frozen

Degorgement a la volee - disgorgement by hand

98
Q

List a producer that still disgorges by hand

What are the risks?

A

Bereche - 85,000 bottle production

Wine can be cloudy and large amounts can be lost

99
Q

What is dosage called?

What is often used?

A

Liqueur d’expedition

Cane or beet sugar, MCR

100
Q

What is Moute concetre et Rectifie?

Why is it controversial?

A

Concentrated, rectified grape must

Some people say it is neutral and reliable, others say the texture is syrupy and does not promote terroir

101
Q

List the dosage levels for Champagne

A

Brut Nature - 0 3 g/L
Extra Brut - 0-6 g/L
Brut - 0-12 g/L
Extra Dry - 12-17 g/L
Sec (Dry) - 17-32 g/L
Demi-Sec - 32-50 g/L
Doux - more than 50 g/L

102
Q

What is a muselet?

A

Wire cage

103
Q

What is a plaque de muselet?

A

Metal cap in the muselet

104
Q

What is jetting?

A

A process used to regulate oxidation

A drop of water is dropped in the bottle right before the cork causing the wine to foam expel the air

105
Q

Can Champagne be released under crown cap?

A

NO

106
Q

What kind of cork is most common in Champagne?

A

Composite with 2 or 3 disks of natural cork in contact with the wine

Synthetic corks cannot be used because they aren’t elastic enough for sparkling wine

107
Q

What is Mytiak Diam?

What are the benefits?

A

Conglomerate closure composed of pulverized cork treated with supercritical carbon dioxide to remove TCA

Eliminates cork taint
Prevents bottle variation

108
Q

What is the Echelle des Crus and when was it established and abolished?

A

1911-2010
- In 1990, houses could start negotiating with growers over prices

  • Each village was given a % which determined the price a grower from that village would receive when selling grapes
  • Grand Cru - 100%
  • Premier Cru - 90-99%
  • Minimum was eventually 80% but began as low as 22.5%
  • Villages could have different rankings for red and white grapes
109
Q

What villages received a 99% rating in the Echelle des Crus?

A

Mareuil-sur-Ay
Tauxieres

110
Q

When was special club founded and with how many members?

Which original members remain?

A

1971

12

Paul Bara, Gaston Chiquet, Pierre Gimonnet

111
Q

What did the name of the special club change to in 1999?

A

Club Tesors de Champagne

112
Q

What are the membership rules for Club Tesors/Special Club?

A
  • Must be RM
  • Estate vinification bottling
  • Members must respect and uphold the charter
113
Q

What are the rules for wines with Special club labeling?

What rule is no longer in practice?

A
  • The club declares a vintage worthy of special club prestige cuvees and members decide whether or not to participate
  • Tasting analysis of vin clairs and wines after 3 years of bottle aging by two panels - oenologists and winemakers
  • Special club bottle shape
  • They used to share the same label
114
Q

What is Terres et Vins de Champagne?

A

Organization of Grower Champagne producers founded in 2009 by Raphaël Bérêche and Aurélien Laherte

115
Q

What is Les Artisans du Champagne?

A

Organization of Grower Champagne producers founded in 2010, inspired by Terres et Vins

116
Q

What is Trait-d’Union?

A

Grower organization including Selosse, Egly-Ouriet, Prevost, Larmandier-Bernier, Jacquesson, Roger Coulon

117
Q

Who was the first certified Organic grower?

First to produce Organically certified Champagne?

A

Georges Laval - 1971

Duval-Leroy

118
Q

What was the first house established in Champagne?

A

Gosset - 1584

119
Q

What is the first single vineyard Champagne made and when?

A

Philipponnat, Clos des Goisses, Mareuil-sur-Ay, Grande Valle, Valle de la Marne

1935

120
Q

What was the second single vineyard Champagne made and when?

A

Cattier, Clos du Molin, Ludes, Grand Montaigne, Montagne de Reims

1952

121
Q

What is NM?

A

Neogicant Manipulant

Producer that purchases grape, must or wine to make Champagne. Can own vines too

122
Q

What is RM?

A

Recoltant Manipulant

A producer that makes wine from vines they own. 95% minimum

123
Q

What is RC?

A

Recoltant Cooperateur

A grower that sells grapes to a coop and receives wine to market under their own label

124
Q

What is CM?

A

Cooperative de Manipulation

A cooperative that sells wine made from it’s members grapes

125
Q

What is ND?

A

Negociant Distributeur

A Merchant that buy bottles of finished Champagne and markets them under it’s own label

126
Q

What is MA?

A

Marque Auxilaire or Marque d’acheteur

A buyer’s own brand. For example, a supermarket that purchases bottles of Champagne and sells it under it’s own label

127
Q

What are the departments of Champagne?

A

Aube
Aisne
Marne
Haut-Marne
Seine-et-Marne

128
Q

How many villages in Champagne?

A

357

129
Q

What styles are allowed in Champagne?

A

Vin Mousseux Blanc
Vin Mousseux Rose

130
Q

What methods are allowed to make Vin Mousseux Rose?

A

Saignee
Blending

131
Q

Whats the minimum alcohol and RS on base wines?

A

9%
10 g/L

132
Q

In what must tirage take place?

When can it occur?

A

Glass bottles

Jan 1 year after harvest

133
Q

Do wines have to be sold in the same bottle tirage took place?

A

Yes

  • Except 187ml and larger than 3L
  • For NV, 20% of 375ml can have wine transferred in them
134
Q

How much may the volume increase from tirage?

A

Not more than 1.2% volume per 1% increase in alcohol during secondary fermentation

135
Q

How much can the volume increase from Liqueur d’Expedition?

A

Volume of Wine (%) = (1.266 × Alcohol Percent Increase) + (0.0666 × Sugar Increase)

The addition of liqueur d’expédition may not lead to an increase in volume of wine (expressed in percentage) higher than the sum of the percentage increase in alcoholic strength (multiplied by a coefficient of 1.266) and the grams per liter increase in sugar content (multiplied by a coefficient of 0.0666)

136
Q

How much vintage champagne can a house produce?

A

Max of 80% of harvest

137
Q

When can disgorgement take place?

A

12 months from date of tirage

138
Q

What are the aging requirements for NV and Vintage Champagne?

A

NV - 15 months from date of tirage
Vintage - 36 months from date of tirage

139
Q

What is the minimum must weight of Champagne?

A

143 g/L

140
Q

What is the press yield in Champagne?

A

102 L/160 Kilograms

141
Q

What year what the Champagne AOP established?

A

1936

142
Q

What the sub regions of Valle de la Marne?

A

Grande Valle
Rive Droite
Rive Gauche
Coteaux sud d’Epernay

143
Q

What is the westernmost village in the Grande Valle?

A

Cumieres

144
Q

What direction does the Marne river flow?

A

North until it turns west at Chalons-en-Champagne

145
Q

What is the dominant grape of Rive Droite and Rive Gauche?

A

Meunier - 75% of plantings

146
Q

What is the dominant grape of the Grand Vallee?

A

Pinot Noir - 66% of plantings

147
Q

What are the two terroirs of Mareuil-sur-Ay?

A

East - Chalkier, south and east aspect
West - Clay-rich (except for some Chalky parcels on the border with Ay)

148
Q

What monument over looks the slopes on the east side of Mareuil-sur-Ay?

A

Notre Dame du Gruguet

149
Q

What is Bisseuil predominantly planted with and why?

A

Chardonnay

Chalk

150
Q

List Notable sites in Mareuil-sur-Ay

A

Clos des Goisses - Philipponnat Monopole
Les Blanchiens - R. Pouillion

151
Q

What is most planted in Ay?

A

Pinot Noir - 90%

152
Q

List notable vineyards in Ay

A
  • Chaudes Terres - Used in Bollinger’s Vieilles vignes Francois
  • Clos Saint-Jacques - Used in Bollinger’s Vieilles vignes Francois
  • La Cote Faron - Selosse
  • Vauzelle Terme - Jacquesson
  • Le Leon - Philipponnat single vineyard and used in Philipponatt’s Cuvee 1522
  • Chaufour - Bollinger
153
Q

What is most planted in Dizy?

A

Pinot Noir - 40%
Chardonnay - 37%
Meunier - 23%

154
Q

List notable sites in Dizy

A

Souchienne
Les Cerisieres
Corne Bautray - Jacquesson

155
Q

What village did Dom Pierre Perignon work in?

A

Hautvillers

156
Q

What is the first village to ripen in the Valle de la Marne?

A

Cumieres

157
Q

What is most planted in Cumieres?

A

Pinot Noir - over 50%

158
Q

List notable sites in Cumieres

A

Empreinte - Rene Geoffroy
Les Hautes Chevres - George Laval
Les Longues Violes - George Laval
Les Chenes - George Laval

159
Q

What fungal disease is large problem in the Rive Gauche and Rive Droit?

A

Botrytis

160
Q

What producer is famous for their Oeuilly wine?

A

Tarlant

-Tarlant, La Vigne d’Or, Pinot Meunier, Brut Nature - “Pierre de Bellevue”
-Tarlant, La Vigne d’Antan, Chardonnay, Brut Nature - “Les Sables”
-Tarlant, BAM!, Petite Meslier (45%)/Arbane (27%)/PB (27%), Brut Nature - “Four a Chaux”
- Tarlant, La Matinale, PN (45%)/PM (27%)/C (28%), Brut Nature - “Four à Chaux” and “La Perchape”
- Tarlant, Cuvee Louis, PN/C, Brut Nature - “Les Crayons”

161
Q

Where does Krug get some of their Meunier?

A

Leuvrigny - Rive Gauche

162
Q

What are the hamlets of Mareuil-le-Port?

A

Port-a-Binson - Bereche’s Rive Gauche “Les Misey”
Cerseuil
Mareuil-le-Port

163
Q

What is most planted in Damery?

A

Meunier - 62%

164
Q

What is most planted in Cuisles?

A

Meunier

165
Q

What producer is most famous and located in Cuisles 1er?

A

Mousse Fils

  • Mousse Fils, Anecdote Blanc de Blancs, 1er, Chardonnay, Extra Brut - “Les Varosses”
  • Mousse Fils, Les Vignes de Mon Village, 1er, Pinot Meunier, Brut, NV
  • Mousse Fils, Terre D’illite, 1er, PM (93%)/PN, Brut
  • Mousse Fils, Special Club “Les Fortes Terres”, Pinot Meunier, Brut
166
Q

What is the easternmost village of the Aisne department?

A

Trelou-sur-Marne

167
Q

How did Taittinger become a Champagne house?

A
  • Pierre Taittinger was a young Cavalry officer serving in the WWI and stationed at Chateau de la Marquetterie in Pierry
  • In 1930, he bought the Champagne house Forest-fourneaux and renamed it Taittinger
  • In 1932, he purchased Chateau de la Maruqetterie and the surrounding vineyards
168
Q

How did Chateau de la Marquetterie get it’s name?

A

Pattern of alternating blocks of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir planted in a way that resembles a checkerboard, or the decorative veneer that furniture makers call marquetry

169
Q

Who made wine at Chateau de la Marquetterie before Taittinger?

A

Order of Saint-aux Monts - Benedictines

170
Q

Who is Frere Oudart?

A

A monk that worked in Chateau de la Marquetterie (and probably worked with Dom Perignon) considered to be one of the the founding fathers of modern Champagne (with Dom P)

171
Q

List the villages of the Coteaux sud d’Epernay

A
  1. Pierry
  2. Moussy
  3. Vinay
  4. Saint-Martin-d’Ablois
  5. Brugny-Vaudancourt
  6. Chavot-Courcourt
  7. Monthelon
  8. Mancy
  9. Morangis
  10. Moslins
  11. Grauves
172
Q

When did members of the 11 villages of the Coteaux sud d’Epernay formed an association to promote its identity and its wine?

A

1996

173
Q

Why does Peter Liam argue that Grauves belongs in the Coteaux sud d’Epernay?

A
  • It’s vineyards face west instead of east like the other Cote des Blancs villages
  • The village applied for membership to the official association
174
Q

List the villages in the Coteaux sud d’Epernay that are planted over 50% to Chardonnay

A

Grauves - > 90%
Mancy - > 50%
Monthelon - > 50%
Morangis - > 50%
Moslins - > 50%

175
Q

What is the main grape planted in Pierry?

A

Meunier - 50%

176
Q

What regions have Sparnacian soils?

A

Rive Droite & Gauche
Coteaux sud d’Epernay

177
Q

List notable sites in Pierry

A

Les Gayeres - Jean-Marc Seleque Pinot Noir
Les Tartieres - Jean-Marc Seleque Chardonnay
Les Gouttes d’Or - Jean-Marc Seleque Meunier

178
Q

What is the most famous producer in Chavot-Courcourt?

A

Laherte Freres

  • Laherte Freres, Les Empreintes, C/PN, Extra Brut
  • Laherte Freres, Les 7, C/PM/PN/PMes/PN/PG/A, Extra Brut, NV - “Les Clos”
  • Laherte Freres, Les Grandes Crayers, Chardonnay, Extra Brut
  • Laherte Freres, Petite Meslier, Extra Brut, NV
  • Laherte Freres, Rose de Saignee, Pinot Meunier, Extra Brut, NV
179
Q

Name the best villages in the Coteaux du Morin

A

Congy
Vert-Toulon

180
Q

What is most planted in the Coteaux du Morin?

A

Meunier - 47%
Chardonnay - 40%

181
Q

What is most planted in the Cote de Sezanne?

A

Chardonnay - 77%

182
Q

Name the best villages in the Cote de Sezanne?

What department is each located in?

A

Villenauxe-la-Grande - Aube
Bethon - Marne

183
Q

What is most planted in the Vitryat?

A

Chardonnay - 98%

184
Q

Who is the most famous producer with vines in The Vitryat?

A

Pascal Douquet

185
Q

What is most planted in Montgueux?

A

Chardonnay - 90%

186
Q

What department is Montgueux in?

A

Aube

187
Q

What is most planted in the Cote des Bars?

A

Pinot Noir - 86%

188
Q

What are the two subregions of the Aube?

A

Barsequanais
Bar-sur-Aubois

189
Q

What river flows through the Aube?

A

Siene

190
Q

What is the main soil type of the Aube?

A

Kimmerdigian

191
Q

What are the best villages in the Aube and name a producer in each?

A

Bauxieres-sur-Arce - Vouette & Sorbee
Celles-sur-Ource - Roses de Jeanne (Cedric Bouchard)
Polisot - Marie Courtin
Urville - Drappier
Rouvres-Les-Vignes - Nathalie Falmet

192
Q

What famous producer is located in Montgueux?

A

Jacques Lassigne

193
Q

What direction to vineyards in Mailly-Champagne face?

A

North

194
Q

What are the Lieu dits made by Selosse?

A
  • “Le Bout du Clos” Ambonnay (all Pinot Noir, debut 2004 base)
  • “Sous le Mont” Mareuil-sur-Aÿ (all Pinot Noir, debut 2005 base)
  • “La Côte Faron” Aÿ (formerly known as ”Contraste”; all Pinot Noir, debut 2003 base).
  • “Chemin de Châlons” Cramant (all Chardonnay, debut 2005 base).
  • “Les Chantereines” Avize (all Chardonnay, debut 2005 base).
  • “Les Carelles” Le Mesnil (all Chardonnay, debut 2003 base).
195
Q

Match the following Premier Cru vineyards to their region (Cote des Blancs etc.)
a. Cumieres –
b. Trepail –
c. Dizy –
d. Voipreux –
e. Bisseuil –

A

a. Cumieres – VALLE DE LA MARNE
b. Trepail – MONTAGNE DE REIMS
c. Dizy – VALLE DE LA MARNE
d. Voipreux – COTE DES BLANCS
e. Bisseuil – VALLE DE LA MARNE

196
Q

Provide the village for the following special club producers.
a. Gaston Chiquet -
b. Henri Goutorbe –
c. Vazart-Coquart –
d. Marc Hebrart –
e. A. Margaine –

A

a. Gaston Chiquet - DIZY
b. Henri Goutorbe – AY
c. Vazart-Coquart – CHOUILLY
d. Marc Hebrart – MAREUIL-SUR-AY
e. A. Margaine – VILLERS MARMERY

197
Q

What is the Les Grandes Marques

Provide 4 producers in Les Grandes Marques.

A

The term Grande Marque (‘Great Brand’) represents international brand awareness, infallible reputation and unyielding customer loyalty. The term has a long history from inception, development and interpretation in the 21st century. Today, there are 24 Champagne Houses which are considered Les Grandes Marques and these are:

Ayala, Billecart-Salmon, Bollinger, Canard-Duchêne, Deutz, Gosset, Charles Heidsieck, Heidsieck & Co Monopole, Krug, Lanson, Laurent-Perrier, Mercier, Moët & Chandon, GH Mumm, Joseph Perrier, Perrier-Jouët, Piper-Heidsieck, Pol Roger, Pommery, Louis Roederer, Ruinart, Salon, Taittinger and Veuve Clicquot.

198
Q

The famous Coteaux Champenois ‘Cote aux Enfants’ is produced by

A

CHAMPAGNE BOLLINGER

  • Pinot Noir from Bollinger’s Monopole vineyard in Ay
  • Jacques Bollinger himself reconstituted it patiently, at the beginning of the 20th century, from over 50 differently owned plots! Today, Bollinger owns all four hectares of the legendary and iconic plot.
199
Q

What are the permitted vine training methods in Champagne?

A

CORDON DE ROYAT, VALLE DE LA MARNE, CHABLIS, AND GUYOT

200
Q

Name the still wine AOPs for Champagne?

A

COTEAUX CHAMPENOIS AND ROSE DES RICEYS

201
Q

What is Rebeche?

A

THIRD PRESS USUALLY USED FOR DISTILLATION, MUST ACCOUNT FOR 0-10% OF PRODUCTION

202
Q

State the RS range for Extra Dry Champagne

A

12-17 G/L

203
Q

The vineyard Les Beguines, famously bottled by Jerome Prevost, is based in what village?

A

GUEUX

204
Q

This champagne house produces Le Nombre d’Or, a cuvee that incorporates all 7 permitted grape varieties.

A

L. AUBRY

205
Q

Roses de Jeanne, by Cederic Bouchard, creates a 100% Pinot Blanc bottling called

A

LA BORLOREE

206
Q

T/F The following cuvees are made in Rose
a. Champagne Rare –
b. Dom Ruinart –
c. R.D. -
d. Clos des Goisses –
e. Clos des Maladries –

A

a. Champagne Rare – TRUE
b. Dom Ruinart – TRUE
c. R.D. - FALSE
d. Clos des Goisses – TRUE
e. Clos des Maladries – FALSE

207
Q

Jean Milan produces ‘Terres de Noel’, sourced from a single vineyard in ________________.

A

OGER

208
Q

What is the current release of ‘Clos du Mesnil’? Clos d’Ambonnay?

A

2008 & 2006

209
Q

What percentage of a year’s harvest may be sold as vintage champagne?

A

80%

210
Q

T/F. Rose Coteaux Champenois can be produced by assemblage.

A

False, Maceration only

211
Q

What is debourbage? Who is credited with creating/using double debourbage?

A

SETTLING OF MUST, JAMES COFFINET IS CREDITED WITH USING DOUBLE DEBOURBAGE DURING HIS TIME AT BILLECART-SALMON

212
Q

What is the French term for the product of first fermentation?

A

Vin Clair

213
Q

What is RCGM and what is it used for?

A

RECTIFIED CONCENTRATED GRAPE MUST, USED FOR DOSAGE/CHAPTALIZATION

214
Q

“In the rare cases when the secondary fermentation is ineffective, or when a batch of wine is technically correct but a decision has been made not to commercialize, the wine must be returned to the vat and reblended. French winemakers call this procedure ________________ (return to hoops), a reference to the hoops around a wooden barrel.”

A

REMISE EN CERCLES

215
Q

T/F. Green glass protects wine from UV light better than Dark Amber glass.

A

FALSE, DARK AMBER GLASS BLOCKS 99.9% OF UV LIGHT WHILE GREEN BLOCKS 79.2%

216
Q

How many bottles are in a Salmanazar?

A

12 BOTTLES (9L)

217
Q

Producers like Bollinger that insist on using cork closures during second fermentation use a staple, or ________, to keep the cork in the bottle.

A

AGRAFE

218
Q

What recent technique has been developed to decrease the time of riddling to just one hour?

A

ULTRASONIC VIBRATION

219
Q

During degorgement a la glace, previously a salt water solution was used to freeze the accumulation of solids in the neck but now ____________________ is used because it is not corrosive to the equipment.

A

PROPYLENE GLYCOL

220
Q

SO2 and ____________ are typically used in combination for their antioxidant qualities and ability to improve freshness and longevity.

A

ASCORBIC ACID

221
Q

What is the name of the metal disc that protects the cork from the muselet?

A

PLAQUE

222
Q

What is the name of the river that runs through the city Reims?

A

VESLE RIVER

223
Q

Montgueux lies just west of what historic city, once considered to be the capital of Champagne?

A

TROYES

224
Q

What producer bottles ‘Clos du Moulin’?

A

CATTIER

225
Q
A

France_Champagne (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions