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Politics > Challenging power/History of democracy > Flashcards

Challenging power/History of democracy Flashcards

1
Q

What is a revolution?

A

A forcible overthrow of a government or social order, in favour of a new system by a group holding a significant amount of popular support

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2
Q

What is a coup?

A

A sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government by a small group lacking popular support

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3
Q

Why do overthrows often happen?

A

When a government is lacking legitimacy

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4
Q

What is a strike?

A

A boycott induced to stop production until grievances are met

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5
Q

Who normally conducts strikes?

A

Trade unions

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6
Q

What is a dissident?

A

A person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state

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7
Q

What is Sedition?

A

A speech/behaviour or organisation that encourages revolution

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8
Q

A person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state is known as a?

A

Dissident

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9
Q

What is a speech/behaviour or organisation that encourages revolution known as?

A

Sedition

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10
Q

Where did the earliest notions of democracy start?

A

Athens

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11
Q

What is the Ecclesia?

A

An assembly of politicians

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12
Q

Who is Cleisthenes?

A

An intelligent aristocrat whom had the idea of having a popularly elected leader of Athens

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13
Q

Who had the idea of democracy?

A

Cleisthenes

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14
Q

Who was Hippias?

A

A reigning tyrant

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15
Q

What were the Phylae?

A

The four warring clans of Athens and Attica who were divided up into 10 smaller groups

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16
Q

The four warring clans of Athens and Attica who were divided up into 10 smaller groups were known as

A

Phylae

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17
Q

How many times did the Ecceslia meet annually?

A

40 times

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18
Q

A council of how many men were elected into the Phylae every year?

A

50 men

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19
Q

What were the main principles that democracy is based on?

A

Government is constituted from population, right to vote, rotation of positions of power

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20
Q

When was the Magna carta or “Great charter signed?”

A

1215

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21
Q

What was the Magna carta?

A

It set the boundaries that the feudal monarch needed to follow

22
Q

When did King James come to power?

A

1603

23
Q

What did King James notably do?

A

Begin English parliament

24
Q

What started friction between the monarch and parliament?

A

The belief that the monarch had the divine right over anyone else

25
Q

What was the petition of right?

A

It was made by parliament and declared that all taxes not voted on by parliament were illegal

26
Q

When was the Petition of right signed?

A

1628

27
Q

What caused the Petition of right to occur?

A

King Charles wanting to tax people so he could fund going to war with France

28
Q

As a result of the Petition of right Charles?

A

Dissolved the parliament

29
Q

As a result of the dissolution of the English parliament what would place in 1642?

A

The English civil war

30
Q

How long was the English civil war?

A

7 years

31
Q

When was the English civil war?

A

1642

32
Q

How did the English civil war end?

A

King Charles being beheaded

33
Q

Who declared England a commonwealth?

A

Oliver Cromwell

34
Q

Who was Oliver Cromwell?

A

The man who declared England a commonwealth

35
Q

An independent state or community, especially a democratic republic is an?

A

Commonwealth

36
Q

A Commonwealth is?

A

An independent state or community, especially a democratic republic

37
Q

Did the original English commonwealth last long?

A

No

38
Q

When did Oliver Cromwell die?

A

1658

39
Q

Who took to the throne after the death of Cromwell?

A

King Charles son

40
Q

What conditions did Charles son return on?

A

The compulsory signing of the petition of right along with the virtue to meet with parliament every three years

41
Q

What made the English republic significant in the development of democracy?

A

It shifted away from sovereignty of the monarch to popular sovereignty

42
Q

What was the enlightenment?

A

When traditional ways of thinking was replaced with new more “progressive ideals”

43
Q

When did the enlightenment span from?

A

1660-1789

44
Q

What is social contract?

A

If you follow the laws of state, you will social benefits

45
Q

Who is the “father” of the social contract theory?

A

Thomas Hobbes

46
Q

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

A

The “father” of the social contract theory

47
Q

What was Thomas Hobbes belief on the “state of nature?”

A

Things would become so unbearable without order that a civil society would form

48
Q

Who was John Locke?

A

An English philosopher who had beliefs in the idea of social contract

49
Q

Who Was Baron de Montesquieu?

A

An French political philosopher

50
Q

What was Baron de Montesquieu biggest contribution to politics?

A

The idea of the separation of powers

51
Q

When were Australian women given the vote?

A

1902

Politics (6 decks)

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