Challenges To The Authority Of State In The Late 18th And 19th Centuries: Key Terms Flashcards
What is capitalism?
An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state
Democracy
A system of government where eligible members of the population elect their leaders/representatives
What does the term ‘closed shop’ mean?
A place of work where all employees must belong to an agreed trade union
Entrepreneur
A person who sets up a business, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit
Artisan
A worker in a skilled trade, especially one that involves making things by hand
Knobstick
A term for a worker who is not part of a union and works when others are striking
Picketing
A form of protest in which people gather outside a place or work or location where and event is taking place, in order to draw public attention to a cause
Dividend
A sum of money paid regularly by a company to its shareholders out of its profits
Shareholder
Somebody that owns share ( a percentage or part of) in a company
Mutualism
Mutualism is a relationship that benefits both individuals involved
Cooperative economics
An economic system whereby those who follow its principles and values can meet their basic needs
Laissez faire economics
An economic system that is free from government intervention
What is the difference between parliament and government?
Parliament is a group of elected politicians who make laws for the country
Government is the group of people/ party who officially control a country
Hunger politics
Humanitarian aid to help the hunger conditions worldwide
Constitution
The basic principles and laws of a nation/ state that determines the powers and duties of the government and guarantees certain rights to people in it
Patronage
Privilege or financial aid given by one organisation or individual to another
Pocket borough
A constituency controlled by one person or family who owned the land; this family would have controlled the election of political representatives. These areas had very small electorates
Rotten borough
A small constituency maintained by the crown or an aristocrat; these areas had the right to elect members of the House of Commons
Sedition
Speech or writing a that encourages people to rebel against the authority of state or monarch
Two party system
Party system where 2 major political parties dominate the government
One of the two typically holds a majority in government and other hold the minority’s or is an opposition party
Lobby
To persuade a politician, government or official group on an issue
What did an Adullamite believe in 1866?
The Adullamites were an anti-reform group in the U.K. liberal party who believed that giving working men (skilled ones) a vote was wrong
Agrarian
The use of land for farming
Joint stock bank
A bank which is a public company with shares owned by investors rather than by the government
Cottage industry
A business or manufacturing activity carried out in a persons home
Trade union
An organised association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests
New model unionism
Skilled workers grouping together to form a conservative craft union ( trade union combining workers who specialise in a particular craft or skill) known as new model unionism, that used calm negotiation to achieve aims
Aristocracy of labour
Privilege and highly paid skilled factory workers
Upper section of the working class
Piecework
Work paid for according to the amount produced
TUC
Trade Union Congress - national trade union centre that represents trade unions
Parish
A small district that has its own church and priest
Pauperism
Pauperism is a term meaning poverty/ state of being poor
The paupers would have revived relief under the poor laws
Less eligibility
The condition of the pauper in the workhouse should not be as attractive as that of the poorest labourer outside the workhouse
Non-conformism
A term used to describe people/ non-conformists who did not or refused to follow the rules of the Church of England
Panopticon
A type of institutional building and a system of control, designed by Jeremy Bentham ( type of prison)
