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SAPE Studying > Challenge Bowl #1 > Flashcards

Challenge Bowl #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are three antisecretory drugs that can be used to tx PUD?

A

PPI, H2RA, and sucralfate

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2
Q

The existence of this hepatitis virus requires the coexistence of Hep B?

A

Hep D

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3
Q

What are 2 tests used to dx the presence of H. pylori?

A

urea breath test

stool antigen

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4
Q

Which rash has a Christmas tree distribution and is preceded by a Herald patch?

A

pityriasis rosea

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5
Q

What is the first line tx for AOM in a 5 month old that is bilateral and without otorrhea?

A

Amoxicillin 90mg/kg in 2 divided doses

Pain management - APAP/ibuprofen

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6
Q

What is the formula for CO?

A

CO = SV x HR

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7
Q

A toddler presents who had scratched his lip, and now has a golden yellowish scab over the scratch. Dx?

A

impetigo

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8
Q

Abd pain in the RLQ while palpating the LLQ is which sign?

A

Rovsing’s sign

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9
Q

H. pylori tx should contain which key ingredients?

A

2 or more antibiotics + antisecretory drugs

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10
Q

What is the study of the action of drugs on the body?

A

pharamcodynamics

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11
Q

What is atelectasis?

A

Dependent collapse of the alveolar sacks.

MC when pt has been laying in bed too long

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12
Q

What is a heave?

A

Pulsation felt due to distention of the underlying structure

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13
Q

What is the most sensitive instrument for the detection of gallstones?

A

US

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14
Q

What are 3 parenteral routes of drug administration?

A

IV, IM, sublingual, transdermal, rectal, intranasal

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15
Q

What is a thrombus

A

A clot that is formed in the vessels

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16
Q

What percent of the body has been burned if the anterior chest and entire left arm have been affected?

A

27%

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17
Q

What generation of cephalosporins has the best gram negative coverage?

A

3rd/4th generation

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18
Q

What FQ has the best activity against pseudomonas?

A

ciprofloxacin

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19
Q

What skin CA is most likely to metastasize?

A

melanoma

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20
Q

What initial therapy is recommended when sinusitis begins?

A 
antipyretics
analgesics
nasal irrigation 
hydration
\+/- intranasal corticosteroids
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21
Q

What is the best lab test to monitor long term nutritional status?

A

albumin

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22
Q

What should you instruct your pt to take with metamucil and why?

A

8oz of water so it doesn’t get impacted

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23
Q

When tx’ing anaphylaxis, which med has the fastest onset of action?

A

epinephrine - fastest
antihistamines - middle
corticosteroids - slowest

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24
Q

What is one organism that causes walking pneumonia/

A

M. pneumo

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25
Q

On which structure is an acoustic neuroma located?

A

CN VII

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26
Q

What are two advantages of second generation antihistamines over first generation?

A

Second generation have fewer anticholinergic effects and less sedation

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27
Q

Two MC nutritional deficiencies with alcohol dependence?

A

Thiamine and vit B12

Also vit k and folic acid

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28
Q

Why must you use caution when prescribing cimetidine to a pt using other medications?

A

CYP450 inhibitor; increasing the serum levels of other medications

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29
Q

If a pt has a murmur from aortic stenosis, what will happen when they stand up?

A

Gets softer

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30
Q

What is the recommended tx for uncomplicated HTN?

A

HCTZ

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31
Q

What is the MC cause of death s/p AMI?

A

arrhythmias

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32
Q

What can be used to tx AOM with an allergy to amoxicillin?

A

ceftriaxone, cefdinir, cefuroxime, and ceptidoxine

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33
Q

What is the most effective drug for tx of persistent to moderate allergic rhinitis?

A

intranasal corticosteroid

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34
Q

The rash of rubella starts on which part of the body?

A

Head or face

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35
Q

Prochlorperazine and metoclopramide can cause what type of serious AE?

A

EPSE

36
Q

Are erosions primary or secondary lesions when describing derm findings?

A

secondary

37
Q

What is the tx of choice for acute constipation?

A

bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

38
Q

What is the atrial rate in a. flutter?

A

250-300

39
Q

Which lipid lower agent lowers LDL and TGL, significantly increases HDL, and causes flushing?

A

Nicotinic acid

40
Q

What is the MC sx associated with mitral valve prolapse?

A

asymptomatic

41
Q

What labs are used to monitor warfarin? heparin?

A

Warfarin: INR
Heparin: aPTT

42
Q

How many half lives does it take to reach steady state?

A

5

43
Q

What is the major intracellular cation?

A

K

44
Q

What are 2 minor Jones criteria for rheumatic HD?

A 
fever
prolonged PR interval 
arthralgia
inc'd CRP/ESR
evidence of + strep culture
antigen test
elevated antibody titer
45
Q

A pt has COPD and has received the pneumo vaccination. When should they be revaccinated?

A

If they are 5yrs since their previous dose.

46
Q

What is the pathological process causing appendicitis?

A

obstruction of the lumen

47
Q

What medication should someone with persistent asthma be on?

A

scheduled inhaled CS

prn SABA

48
Q

Massive hemoptysis in a pt with advanced liver dz is most likely associated with what condition?

A

esophageal varices

49
Q

Tx for moderate acne?

A

PO antibiotics +/- benzoyl perioxide

50
Q

T or F? Psoriasis MC’ly affects the flexor surfaces of the elbows and knees.

A

F

51
Q

What three bacteria must be tx’d with more than one antibiotic?

A

H. pylori
Pseudomonas
Enterococcus

52
Q

What lipid lowering agent is best at lowering TG’s?

A

Fibric acid (gemofibrozil)

53
Q

What is the best tx for pityriasis rosea?

A

Time

54
Q

What generation of FQ has the best gram positive coverage?

A

4th

55
Q

Name the drugs classes used to tx GERD from most ot least aggressive?

A

PPI, H2RA, antacids

56
Q

What is herpetic whitlow?

A

Herpes infx of the finger

57
Q

Which common GI procedure should not be used in a pt with acute diverticulitis?

A

Colonoscopy

58
Q

What is the appropriate first line tx of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?

A

valsalva or carotid massage

59
Q

What is the recommended tx for anticipatory N/V?

A

lorazepam

60
Q

What are three conditions that can cause symmetric enlargement of the abdomen?

A

Gas, fluid and fat

61
Q

What are three possible AE of topical corticosteroids?

A

acne, striae, atrophy, purpura

62
Q

Modifiable RF’s for heart disease?

A

exercise, diet, smoking, EtOH, hypercholesterolemia, HTN

63
Q

What drug decreases gastric pH the most?

A

PPI

64
Q

What physical exam finding would you expect to find in a pt with an atrial septal defect?

A

a fixed split S2

65
Q

Which lab test confirms active infx and infectivity of the hepatitis b virus?

A

Hep B surface antigen

66
Q

What is the recommendeded drug tx for COPD management for a pt in group B?

A

SA + LA agent

Influenze and pneumococcal vaccine

67
Q

What are the major Jones criteria for RHD?

A 
carditis 
polyarthritis
chorea
nodules 
erythema marginatum
68
Q

Tx of choice for chemo induced N/V?

A

Zofran

Dexamethasone

69
Q

Three sxs of end organ damage from HTN?

A 
Arterial venous leaking
ventricular hypertrophy
AV nicking
renal failure
carotid dz
TIA
70
Q

Which GI drug is CI in pg?

A

Misoprostol because it is a prostaglandin which induces labor and causes uterine contractions

71
Q

S2 is caused by the closure of what valves?

A

aortic and pulmonic valves

72
Q

What should you start at the same time you prescribe a narcotic?

A

Fluids, physical activity, fiber +/- bisacodyl (stimulant laxative)

73
Q

Which electrolyte imbalance causes flattening of the T waves on an EKG?

A

hypokalemia

74
Q

What is the LDL goal in a pt with DM?

A

<70

75
Q

What outcomes do ACEI have in CHF tx?

A

Slow progression of ventricular remodeling

BB reverse

76
Q

What is the name of the criteria used to predict morbidity and mortality in pt with pancreatitis?

A

Ranson’s criteria

77
Q

What agent can be used in diabetic gastroparesis and GERD?

A

metoclopramide (Reglan)

78
Q

What is the tx of choice for C. diff?

A

metronidazole

79
Q

What are Osler’s nodes?

A

Osler’s nodes are painful, red, raised lesions found on the hands and feet in endocarditis

80
Q

What ENT condition is a true medical emergency?

A

epiglottitis

81
Q

What is the tx for pg induced N/V

A

pyridoxine

doxylamine

82
Q

What part of the artery do atherosclerotic lesions affect?

A

intima

83
Q

What is used to tx severe acne?

A

isotretinoin

84
Q

Which two hepatitis viruses are transmitted in the blood?

A

B and C

85
Q

What are three MC causes of PUD?

A

H. pylori, NSAID, and stress induced (from most to least)

86
Q

Ludwig’s angina affects what space?

A

Between the hyoid bone and floor of mouth

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