Challenge Flashcards
“Excuse me”
as in interrupting to ask question, etc
disculpe
How’s it going?
Como te va?
Como se va?
Como le va?
“can”
“able to”
w/ participle and gerund
poder
participle: podido
gerund: pudiendo
poder conjugations
—————————-puedes
puede ————————————————- pueden
———————- puedo ——– podemos
¿Todo bien?
How’s it going? (similar to ¿Como te va?
“want”
infinitive: querer
participle: querido
gerund: queriendo
- – quieres
quiere - - - quieren
- quiero - - - queremos
“know”
infinitive: saber
participle: sabido
gerund: sabiendo
—————————– sabes
sabe ——————————————- saben
———————- sè —— sabemos
“see”
infinitive: ver
participle: visto
gerund: viendo
“what”
I like WHAT you’re saying.
lo que
I like lo que estàs diciendo.
“believe”
“think” (as in to think something is the case
infinitive: creer
participle: creido
gerund: creyendo
“I believe”
“I think”
creo
We have never done that.
No hemos hecho eso nunca.
“better”
mejor
woman
mujer
Indirect object pronounds
—————————–tè
lè ………………………………………………………lè
………………………mè………….nos
“the one that”
èl que
la que
I have been (ser)
he sido
You have been (ser)
has sido
She has been (ser)
ha sido
We have been (ser)
hemos sido
They have been (ser)
han sido
I have been (estar)
he estado
You have been (estar)
has estado
It has been (estar)
ha estado
We have been (estar)
hemos estado
They have been (estar)
han estado
What type of verbs are sido and estado?
What must accompany them?
Participle
a form of haber must be used with a participle
(he, ha, has, han, hemos)
to eat
infinitive: comer
participle: comido
gerund: comiendo
eating
comiendo
used with estar
eaten
comido
used with haber
Subject pronouns
…………………………………. tù
èlla (èllas)…………………………………………………….èl (èllos)
…………………. yo……………..nosotros
Pronouns after prepositions
……………………………….. tì
èlla………………………………………………….èl
……………. mì ……………..nosotros
It’s for her.
Es para ella.
it’s for me.
Es para mì.
It’s for you.
Es para tì.
It’s for us.
Es para nosotros.
It’s for them.
Es para èlla/èllos.
“if”
sì
“when”
quando
What type of verb if quando references something to happen in the future.
subjunctive
This (masculine)
este
This (fem)
esta
That (masc)
ese
That (fem)
esa
This (no gender)
esto
This (no gender)
eso
Possessive pronouns
tù (tùs)
mì (mìs)
su (sus)
su (sus)
“My something”
Mì algo.
“Your something”
Tù algo.
“His something”
Su algo.
“Her something”
Su algo.
I don’t have it anymore.
Ya no lo tengo nunca.
“anymore”
ya
used to indicate something has changed or is different from before
“as” or “like”
in comparison
como
She’s here, as you now know.
Ella està aquì, como ya sabes.
We did it for you to be the winner.
Lo hemos hecho para que seas the winner.
We don’t want them TO BE in the way.
verb for to be
Estèn
(subjunctive because “want” expresses intention.
Subjunctive “I be” (ser)
sea
Subjunctive “you be” (ser)
seas
Subjunctive “we be” (ser)
seamos
Subjunctive “he be” (ser)
sea
Subjunctive “they be” (ser)
sean
Subjunctive “I be” (estar)
estè
Subjunctive “you be” (estar)
estès
Subjunctive “she be” (estar)
estè
Subjunctive “they be” (estar)
estèn
Subjunctive “we be” (estar)
estèmos
BEING happy is important.
Ser happy…
Pride comes WITH BEING a student.
con ser
We did it to be here.
Lo hemos hecho para estar aquì.
Not para que because intention is on self, not something/someone else
I’m happy but YOU AREN’T.
I’m happy but no lo eres.
I was here.
Estaba aquì.
You were here.
Estabas aquì.
It was here.
Estaba aquì
We were here.
Estabamos aquì
They were here.
Estaban aquì
When are subjunctive verbs used?
What is the form of use for a subjunctive.
What are the subjunctive forms for ser and estar?
Subjunctives are used when intention is expressed (such as want, wish, hope, or something is being done to someone else) or when emotion is expressed.
Form: noun phrase/emotion QUE [subjunctive]
Ser: sea, sea, seas, sean, seamos
Estar: estè, estè, estès, estèn, estèmos
…that I be…
que sea
que estè
…that you be..
que seas
que estès
…that she be
que sea
que èste
that we be
que seamos
que èstemos
…that they be
que sean
que estèn
He hopes that I’m here.
He hopes que estè aquì.
Participle form is what tense and requires…?
a “been” tense…requires haber (he, ha, has, han, hamos)
Gerund is what tense and requires…?
“ing” tense…running, jumping, eating…requires estar verb.
“that’s why”
por eso
in order that
para que
The girls want me to be their friend.
Las chicas quieren que yo sea sus amigo.
sea - subjunctive because of intention - they want
Ser expresses…?
identity, material/what something is made of, where it’s from
Past tense forms of ser
I: era It: era You: eras They: eran We: eramos
Present tense forms of ser
I: soy It: es You: eres They: son We: somos
“because of that”
por eso
What is always used with subjunctive?
What is the form?
que
[intention] que [subjunctive]
or
¡Que [emotion] que [subjunctive]
Direct object pronouns
Me: mè
You: tè
Her: la (las)
Him: lo (los)
They said they want me to be better.
They said que they want que I estè better.
intended for that
para eso
in order to be
para ser
para estar
so that
para que
We want you to be there.
Quieremos que estès ahì.
(remember, intention - want - requires subjunctive
This house is here, like their houses are.
Esta casa està aquì, como sus casas lo estàn
nothing
nada
nobody
nadie
something
algo
somebody
alguien
everything
todo
everybody
todos
“else” or “more”
màs
time
specific event or point in time
la vez
The good thing is that they…
Lo bueno es que
lo is used for abstract descriptions
Lo [description] es que [sentence]
Common ending for gerunds.
-ndo
Common ending for participles.
-ido
to know
infinitive: saber
participle: sabido
gerund: sabiendo
known
sabido
knowing
he/ha/has/han/hemos sabiendo
to want
querer
wanted
he/ha/has/han/hemos querido
wanting
queriendo
to love
querer
“can” or “able to”
infinitive: poder
participle: podido
gerund: pudiendo
to do
infinitive: hacer
participle: hecho
gerund: haciendo
did
he/ha/has/han/hemos hecho
doing
haciendo
“to say” or “to tell”
infinitive: decir
participle: dicho
gerund: diciendo
said
he/ha/has/han/hemos dicho
saying
diciendo
When I’m able to do it, I want to do it with you.
Cuando lo puedo hacer, lo quiero hacer contigo.
Place
el lugar
to go
infinitive: ir
participle: ido
gerund: yendo
I go
voy
You go
vas
it goes
va
they go
van
we go
vamos
I am going to do something.
Voy a hacer algo.
I leave
mè voy
You leave
tè vas
He leaves
sè va
They leave
sè van
We leave
nos vamos
to have
possess
infinitive: tener
participle: tenido
gerund: teniendo
I have
tengo
you have
tienes
it has
tiene
they have
tienen
we have
tenemos
I had
he tenido
you had
has tenido
we had
hemos tenido
he had
ha tenido
they had
han tenido
having
teniendo
I have to do something.
Tengo que hacer algo.
How is tener used to indicate obligation?
(ie “having” to do something?
que is used with an infinitive.
form: [tender] que [infinitive]
night
la noche
tonight
esta noche
the truth
la verdad
la verdad idioms
en verdad = in truth, actually
de verdad = really
“really”
de verdad
“actually”
en verdad
“in truth”
en verdad
people
la gente
The people are here.
La gente està aqui.
remember, la gente is singular noun
The woman is here.
La mujer està aquì.
never
nunca
always
siempre
I am so…
Estoy tan…
“there”
place
ahì
badly
mal
“this way”
“like this”
asì
Yes, one always has to do it a lot.
Sì, uno siempre lo tiene que hacer mucho.
remember, has to do it is obligation, therefore, tiene que hacer
both of the girls
las dos chicas
“both”
los dos
las dos
“there is”
“there are”
hay
“to look”
“to watch”
infinitive: mirar
participle: mirado
gerund: mirando
I watched
he mirado
you watched
has mirado
she watched
ha mirado
we watched
hemos mirado
they watched
han mirado
i looked
he mirado
you looked
has mirado
he looked
ha mirado
we looked
hemos mirado
they looked
han mirado
looking
mirando
watching
mirando
I am here to watch
Estoy aquì para mirar.
I know that you’re going to want that house.
Sè que vas a querer esa casa.
He’s leaving.
Sè va.
I’m going to want it.
Lo voy a querer
She hasn’t been able to do it.
Ella no lo ha podido hacer.
They’re student’s but we’re not.
Son students pero no lo somos.
I want you to go to his house, I have something for you
Quiero que [to go subjunctive] a su casa. Tengo algo para tì.
They have been fine.
Ellos han estado bien.
What we have here is very good.
Lo que tenemos aquì es muy bueno.
I’m sorry
lo siento
