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Social Sciences > Challange and Change > Flashcards

Challange and Change Flashcards

1
Q

What is Deviance

A

any violation of the norms of a society

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2
Q

to be considered a deviant you would have to be …

A

dedicated to a deviant act (criminals)
stigmatized by society (trans people)

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3
Q

what are the 5 types of deviants according to Robert Merten

A

Conformist (most common)
Innovators
Ritualists
Retreatists
Rebels

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4
Q

What is a conformist (Mertens defintion)

A

People who accept the cultural goals of a society and the means to attain that goal. For example in order to become a lawyer you go to get a bachelors -> law school then lawyer, this is the socially acceptable way to become a lawyer and this path is rarely questioned

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5
Q

what is a ritualist (Mertens definition)

A

People who abandon the goal of society but uphold its norms. For example creating change within a societies systems ie RBG

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6
Q

What is a Innovator (Mertens definition)

A

people who seek alternative means of reaching a goal. For example Bill Gates

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7
Q

Retreatists (Mertens definition)

A

People who reject a goal and the means of achieving it. For example a homeless person or drug addict.

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8
Q

Rebels (Mertens definition)

A

People who attempt to subsitute new goals. Similar to Retreastists but Rebels replace the rules while retreatists simply reject them. For example Ghandi is a rebel.

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9
Q

What is Control theory

A

people are impacted by behaviors learned at a young age which leads to conformity

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10
Q

what systems work against our motivations to deviate

A

A person’s inner and outer controls

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11
Q

Transmission theory

A

Deviance is a learned behaviour learned through assocation with deviant individuals (for example being friends with furries may lead you to become one)

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12
Q

Labeling theory

A

focuses on how devients are identified by society.
- Deviance is relative changing from society to society
-deviance can change from society to society or culture to culture

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13
Q

What is Social Change

A

shift in the organization of society itself

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14
Q

Who is Susan Fiske

A

A professor at Princeton University who came up with the five social motives to conform

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15
Q

What is Conformity

A

the most common and pervasive form of social influence. i.e a change of behaviour as a result of real or imagined group pressure or norms.

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16
Q

The Five Core Social Motives of Conformity according to Susan Fiske

A

Belonging
Understanding
Controlling
Enhancing Self
Trusting

17
Q

What is Groupthink

A

a phenomenon that occurs when the desire for group consensus overrides people’s common sense desire to present alternatives, critique a position, or express an unpopular opinion

18
Q

Who is Leon Festinger

A

Leon Festinger is an American Physcologist who developed the social comparison theory

19
Q

what is Social Comparison Theory

A

according to this theory people routinly compare themselves with other when they are unable to judge their status and abilities on their own. For example you just started playing a game and the only way to figure out how good you are is to play against other people and compare your skills to theirs.

20
Q

what is Competetive Emulation

A

trying to keep pace with other people in terms of material good and lifestyle. All your friends recently bought a pair of XM5 headhpones so know you are more likely to buy them.

21
Q

Who is Abraham Maslow

A

Maslow is an American Psychologist who came up with the Hierarchy of Needs

22
Q

What is the Hierarchy of Needs

A

stages of need to explain human motivation.

23
Q

what are inner controls

A

Morals - Conscience - Religious Principles - Impacted by Societal Bonds

24
Q

what are outer controls

A

Family - Friends - Police

25
Q

what are the 5 things on maslows hierarchy of needs

A

Self actualization
Esteem
love/belonging
safety
physiological

26
Q

What did Elkind do

A

developed the theory that teenagers are egotistical af, as they discorver who they are n stuff

Social Sciences (2 decks)

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