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BLS (2024-2025) > Chain of Survival > Flashcards

Chain of Survival Flashcards

1
Q

Primary Survey (DRSABC)

A

Danger
Response
Shout
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

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1
Q

Chain of Survival (4)

A

Call for help
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Post resuscitation

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2
Q

How to check for danger?

A

Always make
sure the area is
safe

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3
Q

How to check for response

A

Check the casualty’s
response. Ask
questions and gently
tap shoulders. Say
“open your eyes!”

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4
Q

Why shout for help?

A

Anyone
nearby can
assist you

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5
Q

How to check airway

A

If not clear, then open
by tilting the head
back, use one hand on
forehead and two
fingers under the chin

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6
Q

How to check breathing

A

Check for normal
breathing. Do not put
your face next to theirs,
instead look at chest
rising and falling only.
(Remember 10
seconds!)

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7
Q

How to check circulation

A

Only if
breathing normally, check the casualty for
bleeding

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8
Q

What to do if the casualty is not breathing normally

A

Call 999/112 then start CPR

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9
Q

What to do if the casualty is breathing normally

A

Place them in the recovery position then call 999/112

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10
Q

How to do recovery position on casualty?

A

Kneel
Angle arm
Hand to cheek
Knee bend
Knee pull
Ensure airway is open

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11
Q

How to kneel

A

By the side of
your casualty

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12
Q

How to angle arm

A

Put the arm nearest
to you to make a right
angle. Palm
facing upwards

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13
Q

How to do hand to cheek

A

Bring the arm furthest
away across the chest
and place the back of
their hand against the
cheek nearest to you
; Hold it there

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14
Q

How to do knee bend

A

With other hand,
bend their far knee
up so that the foot is
flat on the floor

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15
Q

How to do knee pull

A

Pull on the knee to roll
the casualty towards
you onto their side
; Adjust them as
necessary

16
Q

How to ensure airway is open

A

Recheck breathing
Call 999/112
Stay and monitor casualty
until help arrives

17
Q

How to do CPR?

A
  1. If someone collapsed, do primary survey first.
  • Do not place your face close to theirs.
  • ask a helper to call 999 or 112 for emergency
    help while you start CPR. Ask a helper to find and bring a
    defibrillator, if available
  • Ask helper to put the phone on speaker and hold it out
    towards you, so they can maintain a 2m distance.
  • if on your own, use the hands-free speaker on a phone so
    you can start CPR while speaking to ambulance control.
  • Do not leave the casualty to look for a defibrillator yourself. The
    ambulance will bring one.
  1. Before you start CPR, use a towel or piece of clothing and lay it over
    the mouth and nose of the casualty.
  • Start CPR. Kneel by the casualty and put the heel of your hand on the
    middle of their chest. Put your other hand on top of the first. Interlock your
    fingers making sure they don’t touch the ribs.
  • Keep your arms straight and lean over the casualty. Press down hard, to a
    depth of about 5-6cm before releasing the pressure, allowing the chest to
    come back up.
  • The beat of the song “Staying Alive” can help you keep the right speed
  • Do not give rescue breaths.
  1. Continue to perform CPR until:
  • emergency help arrives and takes over
  • the person starts showing signs of life and starts to
    breathe normally
  • you are too exhausted to continue (if there is a helper, you
    can change over every one-to-two minutes, with minimal
    interruptions to chest compressions)
  • a defibrillator is ready to be used.
  1. If the helper returns with a defibrillator, ask them to
    switch it on and follow the voice prompts while you continue
    with CPR.

-Wherever possible, the helper should keep a distance
of 2m.

18
Q

An emergency life-saving device used in
the event of sudden cardiac arrest.

It analyses the heart rhythm and administers an
electrical charge to the heart if needed to
establish a regular heartbeat.

A

Automated External Defibrillator

19
Q

How to use AED

A
  1. Turn the AED on
  2. Follow all the AED voice prompts
  3. Ensure no one is touching the casualty when it
    is analysing
  4. Ensure no one is touching the casualty before
    pushing the shock button
20
Q

How to connect AED pads

A
  1. Ensure that the chest is dry
  2. Consider shaving the chest if
    it is hairy
  3. Use the pre-prepared pads
    that come with the AED, they
    are ready to use.
  4. Stick the pads onto the chest
    as indicated on the pads.
  5. Ensure each pad is securely
    attached

BLS (2024-2025) (7 decks)

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