Chain Of Infection

Question 1

List in order the 6 stage of the chain of infection

Answer 1

Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host.

Question 2

List 3 major reservoirs of diseases that infect humans

Answer 2

Humans, animals, environment (soil and water)

Question 3

Diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans are called ________.

Answer 3

Zoonoses

Question 4

What is a portal of exit

Answer 4

How an infectious microbe leaves it’s reservoir

Question 5

What are 3 human portals of exit

Answer 5

Respiratory system, reproductive system, digestive system, urinary system, skin and blood.

Question 6

Name 3 modes of disease transmission

Answer 6

Contact (direct, indirect, droplet)
Common vehicle (air, water, food)
Vector (mechanical or biological)

Question 7

List 5 strategies to prevent disease transmission

Answer 7

Sanitation, hygiene, isolation, immunisation, treatment.

Question 8

What is sanitation?

Answer 8

Waste collection and disposal, sewage treatment, provision of clean water

Question 9

What is a portal of entry?

Answer 9

How an infectious microbe enters a new host

Question 10

List some standard precautions used to break the chain of infection

Answer 10

PPE, isolation, hand hygiene, cough etiquette, appropriate handling of linen, environmental cleaning.

Question 11

List 3 groups of people who might be susceptible hosts

Answer 11

Young children, elderly, chronically ill, people with open wounds, people receiving certain treatments.