Ch9 Respiratory

Question 0

Atelectasis

Answer 0

Collapse of alveoli preventing the respiratory exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

Question 1

Adventitious

Answer 1

Abnormal breath sounds crackles, sonorous wheezes, sibilant wheezes, pleural friction rub

Question 2

Bronchoscopy

Answer 2

Allows visualization of the larynx, trachea, and the bronchi.
Diagnostic observation of tracheobronchial tree for abnormalities, tissue biopsy and secretions.
Keep patient NPO until gag reflex returns about two hours after procedure

Question 3

Cor pumonale

Answer 3

Late complication of emphysema. Abnormal cardiac condition characterized by hypertrophy of the right ventricle of the heart as a result of hypertension of the pulmonary circulation. Results in edema in the lower extremities and in the sacral and perineal area, distended neck veins, and enlargement of the liver with ascites

Question 4

Ascites

Answer 4

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the spaces between tissues and organs in the cavity of the abdomen

Question 5

Coryza

Answer 5

Common cold
Aka acute coryza or acute rhinitis
Medical mgmt: aspirin or acetaminophen, cough depressant or expectorant

Question 6

Crackles

Answer 6

Most commonly heard during inspiration. Sounds like hair being rolled between fingers. Respiratory passages narrowed by fluid, mucus or pus. Associated with inflammation or infection of the small bronchi, bronchioles and Alveoli

Question 7

Cyanosis

Answer 7

Bluish skin discoloration from excessive amounts of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood

Question 8

Dyspnea

Answer 8

Difficulty breathing
subjective experience. Data should include onset, duration, precipitating factors, and relief measures such as position and use of over-the-counter or prescribed medications.

Question 9

Embolism

Answer 9

Thrombus dislodges and travels through the venous circulation passing through the right side of the heart and enters the pulmonary artery where it becomes lodged hindering oxygenation of the blood, atelectasis develops and pulmonary vascular resistance increases, arterial hypoxia results

Question 10

Pleural effusion

Answer 10

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space by alteration of pressure gradients or surface characteristics of capillaries.

Question 11

Empyema

Answer 11

Fluid in the pleural space becomes infected. Acute or chronic.

Question 12

Epistaxis

Answer 12

Bleeding from the nose
Medical MGMT nasal packing with cotton saturated with 1:1000 epinephrine to promote local vasoconstriction
NI place the pt in a sitting position leaning forward or in a reclining position with head and shoulders elevated. Apply direct pressure for 10 to 15 minutes apply ice compress, suck on ice, insert gauze, observe s/sx of hypovolemic shock.

Question 13

Exacerbation

Answer 13

And increase in the seriousness of a disease or disorder as marked by greater intensity in the signs or symptoms

Question 14

Extrinsic

Answer 14

Caused by external factors such as the environment

Question 15

Intrinsic

Answer 15

Is from internal causes

Question 16

Hypercapnia

Answer 16

Greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 17

Hypoxia

Answer 17

Oxygen deficiency

An inadequate reduced tension of cellular oxygen

Question 18

Hypoventilation

Answer 18

The amount of air that enters the alveoli is not adequate for the bodies metabolic needs

Question 19

Orthopnea

Answer 19

Abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably

Question 20

Pleural friction rubs

Answer 20

Low pitched, grating or creaking lung sounds that occur when in flamed pleural surfaces rub together during respiration.
Over lungs – pleurisy
Over the pericardium – pericarditis

Question 21

Pneumothorax

Answer 21

Collection of air or gas in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse.

Question 22

Sonorous wheezes

Answer 22

Low pitched, loud, coarse, snoring sounds.

Question 23

Stertorous

Answer 23

Harsh snoring sounds

Question 24

Tachypnea

Answer 24

Abnormal rapid rate of breathing

Question 25

Thoracentesis

Answer 25

Inserting a needlelike instrument into the pleural space and removing the fluid

Question 26

Virulent

Answer 26

Capable of producing disease