Ch.9 ICT Systems Part I Flashcards
What is analogue data? Give examples
is the data that constantly varies. Examples of analogue data are analogue watches, human voice or even temperature recorded using a mercury thermometer.
What is digital data? Give examples
is the data that is made up of binary values that are 0 and 1. Examples of digital data are digital watches, barcode, light switch.
Explain how the microphone analogue data can be read by the computer.
ADC (analogue to digital converter) is used to convert the analogue signals from the microphone to digital data that the computer can then process.
Explain how data from the computer can be sent to speakers/headphones.
DAC (digital to analogue converter) is used to convert digital data from the computer to analogue signals which the loudspeaker converts it to sound.
What is the measurement system? What are its components?
it’s a system that involves sensors that constantly taking a measurement of data. Its components are the sensors that take readings, microprocessors that process data and output device that displays the data.
What are the advantages of using measurement systems?
Firstly, the computer takes reading and measurements more frequently than humans, these reading can be taken more accurately than the ones taken by human workers. Computers do not need a break and don’t need to be paid as human workers do so less labour cost. People are now free to do much more useful work.
How collecting data in weather stations (temperature, humidity, air pressure, rainfall, etc) onto occurs?
data is first read by the sensors then is sent to the ADC to be converted into digital data which is then sent to the microprocessor by radio waves from the stations, for the data to be processed. Graphs are automatically produced by the computer and are saved for later use.
How does measuring a patient’s vital signs in a hospital occurs?
sensors constantly send key vital signs (like the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, etc) to the microprocessor to be processed. This data is converted to digital data using the ADC. The microprocessor then compares this data to the preset values and if anything is out of the acceptable range then a signal is sent to sound an alarm if it’s in the acceptable range then this value is shown in a graphical form on a screen. This process is continuous until the sensors is disconnected from the patient.
What is the control system? What are its components?
its a system that takes action that affects the surrounding environment. The components of this system are the sensors, microprocessor (unlike measurement systems take an action that can affect the next input value received) and actuator.
Outline the advantages of using control systems.
Firstly computers do not need (unlike humans):
1. breaks
2. to be paid
As it also can take more accurate measurements than humans and can quickly adapt to change, it can also work/operate under harsh/dangerous conditions.
