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Central Processing > Ch.9 Disinfection > Flashcards

Ch.9 Disinfection Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between disinfection and sterilization?

A

Disinfection gets rid of most microbes not including spores. Sterilization is the removal of all living organisms.

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2
Q

A chemical used on inanimate objects such as medical instruments to kill all microorganisms , except spores.

A

Disinfectant

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3
Q

A chemical used on living tissue such as skin, to slow the growth of microorganisms.

A

Antiseptic

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4
Q

The destruction of nearly all pathogenic microorganisms on an inanimate surface. Disinfection is accomplished using chemical or heat processes.

A

Disinfection

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5
Q

Free from all living organisms.

A

Sterile

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6
Q

What is the selection of disinfectants based on

A

Intended use

Degree/level of disinfection required

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7
Q

Reduces the number of microorganisms on an object.

A

Chemical Disinfection

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8
Q

What are the prevalent Factors Impacting the

Effectiveness of Disinfectants

A

Excessive Moisture

Dilution

Type and number of microorganisms present

Direct Contact

Time

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9
Q

How does excessive moisture effect disinfectants?

A

Excessive moisture can cause disinfectant solutions to become diluted,

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10
Q

How does dilution effect the impact of disinfectants?

A

Disinfectants are designed to be used at a specific strength. Check IFU

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11
Q

How does time effect the impact of disinfectants?

A

Disinfectants must be allowed time to work. Check IFU

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12
Q

How does direct contact with the item effect the impact of disinfectants?

A

In order to be effective, disinfectants must make direct contact with all surfaces being disinfected.

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13
Q

When was the Spaulding Classification first developed?

A

It was first developed in the 1950’s as a representative system

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the Splaulding Classification?

A

Helps the user decide which level of disinfection would be appropriate

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15
Q

What is the Spaulding Classification based on?

A

Based on the potential risk of infection posed to a patient

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16
Q

What are the 3 categories of the Spaulding Classification?

A

critical, semi-critical, or noncritical.

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17
Q

Describe Critical Items

A

Penetrates or enters tissue or spaces that normally are sterile, including the vascular system
Ex: Surgical instruments, implants

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18
Q

Describe Semi-Critical Items

A

Items which come in contact with intact mucous membranes and non‐intact skin
Ex: Fiber optic Endoscopes, Cystoscopes, etc.

19
Q

Describe Non-Critical Items.

A

Come in direct contact with the patient’s unbroken skin.

Ex: Crutches, Blood Pressure Cuffs, equipment, electrocardiogram (EKG) leads, stethoscopes

20
Q

What is the goal when dealing with Critical Items?

A

Goal: Sterility = devoid of all microbial life

21
Q

What is the goal when working with Semi-Critical Items?

A

Goal: High‐level disinfection = free of all microorganisms except low numbers of bacterial spores

22
Q

What is the goal when working with Non-Critical Items?

A

Goal: Kill vegetative bacteria, fungi, viruses

23
Q

When are Low and intermediate level disinfectants used?

A

Used on intact skin, hard environmental surfaces, mobile equipment

24
Q

How can the germicidal action of disinfectants be reduced?

A

By the presence of soil.

25
Q

What are some examples of soil?

A

Blood

Fluids

Feces

Tissue

Pus

26
Q

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of QUATS.

A

AD:
Bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal against lipophilic viruses
Dis:
Not sporicidal, tuberculocidal or virucidal against hydrophilic viruses

Not Compatible with Soap

27
Q

Describe the Advantages and disadvantages of Alcohol.

A

Ad:Fast-Acting, non-staining, evaporates quickly

Leaves No Residue

Both antiseptic/disinfectant

Both disinfectant & sterilant
Dis:
Requires a minimum 5 minute wet contact.

No residual activity

Volatile, flammable

27
Q

Describe the Advantages and disadvantages of Alcohol.

A

Ad:Fast-Acting, non-staining, evaporates quickly

Leaves No Residue

Both antiseptic/disinfectant

Both disinfectant & sterilant
Dis:
Requires a minimum 5 minute wet contact.

No residual activity

Volatile, flammable

28
Q

a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group.

A

Phenolics

29
Q

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of phenolics.

A

Ad:
Broad Spectrum of use;

bactericidal for gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and tuberculocidal against lipophilic viruses
Dis:
Not sporicidal

Inactivated by organic material

Corrosive

30
Q

Name the Chemicals of the halogen family.

A

Chlorine

Iodophers

31
Q

Where are iodophors primarily used?

A

Primarily in patient prep.

32
Q

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of Chlorine.

A

Ad:
Effective against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Microorganisms, Tuberculocidal, Fungicidal, and Virucidal

Rapid-Acting
Dis:
Inactivated by Organic Matter

Corrosive to Metals

Not Sporicidal

33
Q

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of Iodophors.

A

Ad:
Bactericidal, Tuberculocidal, and Virucidal

Rapid-Action against vegetative bacteria
Dis:
Corrosive to Metals

Detrimental to Rubber and some Plastics

May burn tissue

34
Q

Minimum Contact for Glutaraldehyde?

A

10 Min

35
Q

Minimum Contact time for QUATS?

A

6 min

36
Q

Minimum Contact time for Alcohol?

A

5min

37
Q

Minimum Contact time for Chlorine

A

2min

38
Q

What is used to test MEC?

A

Test strips

39
Q

When using high-level disinfectants what 3 things deactivate them?

A

Organic Material
Dilution
Time

40
Q

List the HLD

A

Glutaraldehyde
OPA
Hydrogen Peroxide
Peracetic acid

41
Q

Low-Level Disinfectants

A 
Quats
Alcohol
Phenolics
Chlorine
Iodophors
42
Q

4 doing it rights

A

Right Chemical
Device
Right Dilution
Right contact time

Central Processing (5 decks)

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