Ch.8 Programming

Question 1

variable

Answer 1

a named memory location that can store data
the data can change whilst a program is running

Question 2

constant

Answer 2

a named memory location that can store data
the data cannot change whilst a program is running

Question 3

identifier

Answer 3

a name given to a variable, constant, data structure or subroutine

Question 4

assignment

Answer 4

a type of programming statement that stores data in a variable or constant

Question 5

string

Answer 5

a data type (any characters including letter, numbers and/or symbols)

Question 6

data type

Answer 6

the characteristics of a piece of data
common data types: string, integer, real, boolean

Question 7

integer

Answer 7

a data type (whole numbers)

Question 8

real

Answer 8

a data type (decimal numbers)

Question 9

single

Answer 9

a data type (decimal numbers)

Question 10

double

Answer 10

a data type (decimal numbers)

Question 11

boolean

Answer 11

a data type (true or false)

Question 12

char

Answer 12

a single character
e.g. “A”, “1”, “*”

Question 13

casting

Answer 13

converting data from one data type to another data type

Question 14

output

Answer 14

data that is displayed to the user usually on-screen

Question 15

concatenation

Answer 15

joining two or more strings together

Question 16

input

Answer 16

the user entering data into the program, usually from a keyboard

Question 17

arithmetic operator

Answer 17

a symbol that performs a mathematical function
e.g. “+” adds two values together

Question 18

MOD

Answer 18

remainder division
the remainder after the division is performed
e.g. MOD(5,2) = 2

Question 19

DIV

Answer 19

integer division
the remainder from the division is ignored
e.g. DIV(5,2) = 2

Question 20

parentheses

Answer 20

brackets in a mathematical statement
determine which calculations are performed first

Question 21

sequence

Answer 21

a programming construct
instructions are run once and in the order they are written

Question 22

selection

Answer 22

a programming construct
a condition is checked and this determines which code is run, or not run

Question 23

IF statement

Answer 23

a type of selection construct where the result of the condition is either true or false

Question 24

CASE statement

Answer 24

a type of selection construct where there is a list of different values to compare a single value against

Question 25

logical operator

Answer 25

a symbol that performs a comparison resulting in true or false

Question 26

boolean operator

Answer 26

a symbol that joins multiple logical comparisons
e.g. AND, OR, NOT

Question 27

AND operator

Answer 27

returns true when both inputs are true

Question 28

NOT operator

Answer 28

returns true if the input is false, and false if it is true

Question 29

OR operator

Answer 29

returns true when one, or both, inputs are true

Question 30

iteration

Answer 30

a programming construct
code is run multiple times

Question 31

loop

Answer 31

a type of iteration
code is run a finite number of times, usually a for loop

Question 32

count-controlled loop

Answer 32

a type of iteration
code is run a finite number of times, usually a for loop

Question 33

pre-condition loop

Answer 33

a type of iteration
code is run while the condition is true
the condition is checked before running any code in the loop, so the code might never run

Question 34

post-condition loop

Answer 34

a type of iteration
code is run until a condition is true
the condition is checked after the code in the loop is run, so the code always runs once

Question 35

totalling

Answer 35

a type of program
adds up multiple values to find the total

Question 36

counting

Answer 36

a type of program
adds one for every item to find out how many there are

Question 37

nested statement

Answer 37

a construct (selection or iteration) that is inside another construct

Question 38

subroutine

Answer 38

a self-contained piece of code that has an identifier and can be called from elsewhere in a program

Question 39

procedure

Answer 39

a subroutine that does not return a value to the program that called it

Question 40

function

Answer 40

a subroutine that does return a value to the program that called it

Question 41

parameter

Answer 41

a value that is sent to a subroutine

Question 42

scope

Answer 42

the sections in the code where the variable, or constant, can be accessed

Question 43

global scope

Answer 43

the variable or constant can be assessed from any part of the program

Question 44

local scope

Answer 44

the variable or constant can only be accessed in the subroutine it is declared within

Question 45

array

Answer 45

a data structure where you can store multiple data items, of the same data type, under one identifier

Question 46

1-dimensional array

Answer 46

an array that has only one index

Question 47

index

Answer 47

the number of the space in the array

Question 48

2-dimensional array

Answer 48

an array that has two indices

Question 49

file handling

Answer 49

programming statements that allow text files to be opened, read from, written to and closed