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CHE312 > CH8 > Flashcards

CH8 Flashcards

1
Q

do not contain a phosphate group

A

Nucleoside

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2
Q

are the product when a base bonds at C-1’ of ribose or deoxyribose

A

Nucleoside

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3
Q

are found in RNA and DNA

A

Nucleosides and Nucleotides

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4
Q

contain a base and a monosaccharide

A

Nucleosides and Nucleotides

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5
Q

May contain either a purine or pyrimidine

A

Nucleosides and Nucleotides

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6
Q

Contain a base, monosaccharide, and a phosphate group

A

Nucleotides

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7
Q

Are the monomers of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

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8
Q

Exemplified by deoxyguanosine 5’-monophosphate

A

Nucleutides

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9
Q

a single molecule that can be over 10,000,000 nucleotides long

A

DNA

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10
Q

makes up the genome for prokaryotic organisms

A

DNA

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11
Q

usually double stranded

A

DNA

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12
Q

includes deoxyribose sugar

A

DNA

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13
Q

usually single stranded

A

RNA

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13
Q

can be translated into a protein

A

RNA

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14
Q

includes the base uracil

A

RNA

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15
Q

a single molecule that can form a complex secondary structure

A

RNA

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16
Q

favored form of dehydrated DNA

A

A-DNA

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17
Q

widest helix diameter

A

A-DNA

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18
Q

most stable under physiological conditions

A

B-DNA

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19
Q

23.7 helix diameter

A

B-DNA

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19
Q

The C-2’ of deoxyribose is out of plane of the other ring atoms in the direction of O-5’

A

B-DNA

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20
Q

left handed

A

Z-DNA

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21
Q

narrowest helix diameter

A

Z-DNA

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22
Q

G pairs with C, A pairs with T

A

All DNA Forms

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23
Q

antiparallel strands

A

All DNA Forms

24
Q

What radioactive molecule would you add to the culture medium to radioactively label DNA but not RNA

A

tritiated thymidine

25
Q

A solution contains DNA polymerase and the Mg2+ salts of dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP which DNA molecule would lead to DNA synthesis

A

a single stranded closed circle of 1000 nucleotides base paired to a linear strand of 500 nucleotides with a free 3’-OH terminus

26
Q

Why the DNA molucule lead to DNA synthesis

A

It has a primer with a free 3’-OH group and it has an available template strand

27
Q

DNA polymerase

A

Replication

28
Q

deoxynucleoside triphosphate

A

Replication

29
Q

primer

A

Replication

30
Q

RNA polymerase

A

Transcription

31
Q

ribonucleoside triphosphate

A

Transcription

32
Q

promoter

A

Transcription

33
Q

ribosome

A

Translation

34
Q

transfer RNA

A

Translation

35
Q

ribosomal RNA

A

Translation

36
Q

uses deoxyribonucoside triphosphates

A

DNA polymerase

37
Q

exhibits semiconservative replication

A

DNA polymerase

38
Q

needs a primer

A

DNA polymerase

39
Q

uses ribonucleoside triphosphates

A

RNA polymerase

40
Q

does not need a primer

A

RNA polymerase

41
Q

Key features of genetic material

A

It must be able to replicate and transmit progeny, It must encode the blueprint to form proteins and other structures, It must be variable through infrequent mutation

42
Q

anticodon

A

tRNA

43
Q

transports amino acids

A

tRNA

44
Q

product of transcription

A

mRNA

45
Q

codon

A

mRNA

46
Q

combines with protein to form ribosomes

A

rRNA

47
Q

includes two conserved sequences at -35 and -10

A

Prokaryotic promoters

48
Q

includes a Pribnow box upstream of the transcription start site

A

Prokaryotic promoters

49
Q

contains highly conserved DNA sequences that specify that start of transcription

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic promoters

50
Q

includes a TATA, or Hogness, box upstream of the transcription start site

A

Eukaryotic promoters

51
Q

may further stimulated by enhancer sequences

A

Eukaryotic promoters

52
Q

What is the significance of the fact that human mRNA can be accurately translated in E. Coli?

A

It indicates that the genetic code and translation machinery are highly conserved across species.

53
Q

Continuous message

A

mRNA

54
Q

Removed during processing

A

Introns

55
Q

The first of many amino acids

A

fMet

56
Q

Joins exons

A

Spliceosome

57
Q

Joined to make the final message

A

Exons

58
Q

Locates the start site

A

Shine-Dalgarno

59
Q

Discontinuous message

A

Pro-mRNA

60
Q
A

CHE312 (4 decks)

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