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Networking III > Ch7 EIGRP > Flashcards

Ch7 EIGRP Flashcards

1
Q

Five Features of EIGRP

A
  1. Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
  2. Establishes Neighbor Adjacencies
  3. Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP)
  4. Partial and Bounded Updates
  5. Equal and Unequal Cost Load Balancing.
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2
Q

Difference between reliable and unreliable delivery of packets?

A

Reliable: Requires acknowledgement to be returned by the receiver to the sender.

Unreliable: Requires no acknowledgement.

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3
Q

What IPv4 Address Do EIGRP Packets Use?

A

224.0.0.10 Multicast Address

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4
Q

What IPv6 Address Do EIGRP Packets Use?

A

FF02::A Multicast Address

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5
Q

Partial and Bounded Updates Defined

A

Partial: Updates include information about route changes only.

Bounded: Partial Updates sent only to the routers that the changes affect.

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6
Q

Six Tasks Protocol Dependent Messages Are Responsible For

A
  1. Maintaining the neighbor and topology tables of EIGRP routers.
  2. Building and translating protocol-specific packets for DUAL
  3. Computing the metric and passing this information to DUAL
  4. Implementing filtering and access lists.
  5. Performing redistribution functions to and from other routing protocols.
  6. Redistribution routes that are learned by other routing protocols.
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7
Q

Five EIGRP Packet Types

A
  1. Hello
  2. Acknowledgement
  3. Update
  4. Query
  5. Reply
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8
Q

Hello Packet

Purpose, Delivery Method & Address Type.

A
  1. Used for neighbor discovery and to maintain neighbor adjacencies.
  2. Unreliable delivery.
  3. Multicast ( for most networks).
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9
Q

Update Packets

Purpose, Delivery Method & Address Type.

A
  1. Propagates routing information to EIGRP neighbors.
  2. Reliable Delivery.
  3. Unicast or multicast.
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10
Q

Acknowledgement Packets

Purpose, Delivery Method & Address Type.

A
  1. Used to acknowledge receipt of reliable EIGRP messages.
  2. Unreliable delivery.
  3. Unicast
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11
Q

Query Packets

Purpose, Delivery Method & Address Type.

A
  1. Used to query routes from neighbors.
  2. Reliable Delivery.
  3. Unicast or multicast.
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12
Q

Reply Packets

Purpose, Delivery Method & Address Type.

A
  1. Sent in repsonse to EIGRP query.
  2. Reliable delivery.
  3. Unicast.
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13
Q

Default Hello Interval (3)

(Definition / Values)

A
  1. Time in seconds between each Hello Packet being sent.
  2. 5 seconds for T1/Ethernet (>1.544 Mb/s)
  3. 60 seconds for Multipoint Frame Relay (<1.544 Mb/s)
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14
Q

Default Hold Timer (3)

(Definition / Times)

A
  1. Time in seconds a router will wait before declaring a neighbor router unreachable.
  2. 15 seconds for T1/ Ethernet (>1.544 Mb/s)
  3. 180 seconds for Multipoint Frame Relay (<1.544 Mb/s)
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15
Q

TLV Field

A
  1. Data field that contains EIGRP Parameters, IP Internal Routes, and IP External Routes information.
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16
Q

Two Important Fields Within EIGRP Header

A
  1. Opcode - specifies the packet type as Update, Query, Reply, or Hello
  2. Autonomous System Number - identifies which instance of EIGRP this packet belongs to.
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17
Q

Opcode Values

A

(1) Update
(3) Query
(4) Reply
(5) Hello

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18
Q

Three Important Fields within EIGRP Parameters TLV

A
  1. Bandwidth Metric - weighted equally
  2. Delay Metric - weighted equally
  3. Hold Time
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19
Q

Four Important Fields within IP Internal Routes TLV

A
  1. Delay
  2. Bandwidth
  3. Prefix Length
  4. Destination - destination network address : field is variable / 24bit min.
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20
Q

Autonomous System Number (2)

A

16 bit number used to represent the EIGRP process, much like the process-id in OSPF.

All routers must hvae the same AS in order to form neighbor adjacencies.

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21
Q

Command Used to Start Configuring Router for EIGRP

A

router eigrp autonomous_system_number

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22
Q

Router Command Used to Create Router ID in EIGRP

A

eigrp router-id router_id

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23
Q

Router Command Used to Enable Interfaces in EIGRP

A

network classful_IPv4_network_address

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24
Q

Router Configuration Mode Command That is Enabled By Default in EIGRP

A

eigrp log-neighbor-changes

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25
Q

Router Command Used to Enable EIGRP for Specific Subnet

A

network network_address wildcard_mask

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26
Q

Router Command Used to Create Passive Interfaces

A

passive-interface interface_id

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27
Q

Router Command Used to Designate All Interfaces as Passive

A

passive-interface default

28
Q

Two Reasons to Use Passive Interfaces

A
  1. Suppress unnecessary update traffic.
  2. Increase security controls, such as preventing rogue routing devices from receiving EIGRP updates.
29
Q

Command Used to Verify EIGRP Adjacencies

A

show ip eigrp neighbors

30
Q

Nine Columns of EIGRP Neighbors

A
  1. H Column // Lists neighbors in order they were learned.
  2. Address // IPv4 address.
  3. Interface // Local interface on which Hello packet was received.
  4. Hold // Current hold time; countdown timer.
  5. Uptime // Amt of time since this neighbor was added.
  6. Smooth Round Trip Timer // Used by RTP to manage reliable EIGRP packets.
  7. Retransmission Timeout // Used by RTP to manage reliable EIGRP packets.
  8. Queue Count // Should be 0; >0 means packets are waiting to be sent.
  9. Sequence Number // Used to track updates, queries, and reply packets.
31
Q

Five Important EIGRP Parameters in show ip protocols

A
  1. EIGRP Autonomous Number
  2. Router ID
  3. EIGRP Administrative Distances
  4. EIGRP Network Summarization Status
  5. Neighbor Adjacencies
32
Q

Default Administratice Distances for EIGRP (3)

A
  1. EIGRP Summary Route = 5
  2. Internal Route = 90
  3. External Route = 170
33
Q

Router Command Used to Disable Automatic Summarization in EIGRP

A

no auto-summary

34
Q

How are EIGRP Routes Designated in Route Table

A

D : Stands for DUAL algorithm.

35
Q

Neighbor Discovery EIGRP (4)

A
  1. R1 sends EIGRP Hello packets through all of its EIGRP configured Interfaces
  2. R2 receives EIGRP packet and responds with update packet with routing information.
  3. R2 sends Hello packet to R1.
  4. Adjacency established and both EIGRP neighbor tables are updated.
36
Q

EIGRP Topology Updating Process (5)

A
  1. R1 receives EIGRP update from R2, R1 adds all information to its topology table.
  2. R1 replies to R2 with EIGRP ACK packet informing R2 that it has received the ipdate.
  3. R1 sends EIGRP update to R2 advertising the routes it is aware of , except those learned from R2.
  4. R2 receives the EIGRP update from R1 and adds this information to its own topology table.
  5. R2 responds to R1s EIGRP update with ACK.
37
Q

Topology Table Contents (2)

A
  1. All destinations advertised by neighboring routers.
  2. Cost (metric) to reach each network.
38
Q

EIGRP Convergence (2)

A
  1. R1 Updates its IP routing table with the best path to each destination , including the metric and next-hop router.
  2. R2 updates its routing table with the best path routes to each network.
39
Q

Default Values Used in EIGRP Composite Metric (2)

A
  1. Bandwidth (K1); 1
  2. Delay (K3); 1
40
Q

Optional Values Used in EIGRP Composite Metric (2)

A
  1. Reliability (K4, K5); 0
  2. Load (K2); 0
41
Q

Bandwidth Metric Definition (3)

A
  1. K1
  2. Slowest bandwidth among all of the outgoing interfaces along the path from source to destination.
  3. Default value = 1
42
Q

Delay Metric Definition (3)

A
  1. K3
  2. Cumulative of all interface delay along the path , in tens of microseconds.
  3. Default = 0
43
Q

Reliability Metric Definition (4)

A
  1. K4 & K5
  2. Represents the worst reliability between the source an destination based on keepalives.
  3. Default = 0
  4. Not recommended for general use.
44
Q

Load Metric Definition (4)

A
  1. K2
  2. Worst load on a link between the source and destination based on packet rate and configured bandwidth of the interface.
  3. Default = 0
  4. Not Recommended for General Use.
45
Q

Router Command Used to Modify EIGRP Metric Weights

A

metric weights typeOfService k1 k2 k3 k4 k5

46
Q

Default Composite Formula

A

metric = (K1 * (10,000,000/bandwidth) + K3 * (sum of delay / 10) * 256

47
Q

What Command Can Display Metric Weight Values.

A

show ip protocols

48
Q

Four Parameters Displayed in show interfaces for EIGRP

A
  1. BW - Bandwidth (in Kb/s)
  2. DLY - Delay in microseconds (usec)
  3. Reliability - fraction of 255 (255/255 = 100% reliability)
  4. TXload / RXload - Transmit and receive load on the interface expressed as fraction of 255 (255/255 = 100% saturated)
49
Q

Default Bandwidth for Most Serial Interfaces

A

1544 kb/s = bandwidth of T1

50
Q

Line Interface Command Used to Modify Bandwidth

A

bandwidth kilobits_bandwidth_value

51
Q

Four Things DUAL Provides

A
  1. Loop-free paths.
  2. Loop-free backup paths which can be used immediately.
  3. Fast convergence.
  4. Minimum bandwidth usage with bounded updates.
52
Q

Three Components of the Finite State Machine Workflow Model

A
  1. A finite number of stages.
  2. Transitions between those stages.
  3. Operations
53
Q

Successor Definition

A

Neighboring router that is used for packet forwarding and is the least-cost route to the destination network.

54
Q

Command Used to Display the Topology Table in EIGRP

A

show ip eigrp topology

55
Q

Command Used to Display the Topology Table in EIGRP With All Possible Links Shown.

A

show ip eigrp topology all-links

56
Q

Command Used to Observer Feedback from the Finite State Machine in EIGRP

A

debug eigrp fsm

57
Q

What IPv6 address does EIGRP IPv6 Use for Messages

A

FF02 : : A ; Multicast Address

58
Q

IPv6 Link Local Address Range

A

FE80: : /10 to FEBF: :/10

59
Q

Command Used to Create IPv6 Link-Local Address

A

ipv6 address link_local_address link-local

60
Q

Command Used to Enable IPv6 Routing on a Router

A

ipv6 unicast-routing

61
Q

Steps to Enable EIGRPv6 Routing Process (4)

A
  1. ipv6 unicast-routing // If not already setup.
  2. ipv6 router eigrp autonomous_number
  3. eigrp router-id 32_bit_router_id
  4. no shutdown
62
Q

EIGRPv6 Default State on Router

A

EIGRP is default set to a shutdown state.

63
Q

In EIGRPv6 Are Networks Advertised Through the Router Configuration or Through the Interface Configuration.

A

EIGRPv6 Advertisement is Setup Through Interface Configurations.

64
Q

Commands Used to Advertise an Interface in EIGRPv6 (2)

A

interface interface_id

ipv6 eigrp autonomous_number

65
Q

Setting Passive Interface in EIGRPv6 (2)

A
  1. ipv6 router eigrp autonomous_number // If not already in router config.
  2. passive-interface interface_id
66
Q
A

Networking III (2 decks)

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