ch7 Flashcards
system
The substance or mixture of substance under study
surroundings
Everything in vicinity of thermodynamic system
Is a thermometer a system or surrounding?
surrounding
Is a beaker a system or surrounding?
surrounding
What is the variable for Heat?
q
Kinetic energy
Energy due to motion
Potential energy
Energy due to weight/location
Thermal energy
Energy that is transferred in the form of heat
thermal equilibrium
When there is no longer thermal energy tranfer
chemical energy
Energy based on positions of electrons and nuclei
coulombs Law for calculating chemical energy
E el= Q1 x Q2 / d (download before quiz)
what is the transfer of thermal energy called?
heat
closed systems only echange
heat not mass
isolated systems don’t exchange
heat nor mass
Kinetic energy formula
1/2mv aka (1/2 (kg)(meter/sec))
Change in Energy is calculated by
difference between final energy and initial energy E(final)-E initial or E(products)- E (reactants)
When energy of products is higher than energy of reactants?
Positive change (change gains energy from surroundings)
When energy of reactants is higher than energy of products?
negative change (change loses energy to surroundings)
delta E is always talking about
the system
positive q means _____ and negative q means
system gains heat, negative means system loses heat
positive w means work is being done _____ the system while negative w means work is being done ____ the system
+ = done on the system, - = done by the system
When waves interact so they add to make a larger wave it is called ______ and happens in _______ interference
When waves interact so they add to make a larger wave it is called in phase and happens in constructive interference
When waves interact so they cancel each other it is called ______ and happens in _______ interference
Out of phase and happens in destructive interference
Waves widening when interacting with a wall with a hole or such is called
Wave diffraction
Two slit interference experiences both
Destructive and constructive interference
Brighter light =
Greater amplitude
Principle quantum number
n
Angular moment quantum number
l
Magnetic quantum number
m (sub) l
n can be any interger
1 or greater
Bigger n means the
More energy the orbital has
As n gets larger the amount of energy between orbitals gets
Smaller
l / angular moment quantum number determines
Shape of orbital
l can be any integer from
0 to (n-1)
l= 0 is a ______ orbital
s/spherical
l= 1 represents a _______ orbital
P / parallel orbital
l= 2 represents a ___ orbital
d/ 4 way orbital
l = 3 represents an ____ orbital
f/ fricken octopus (8) orbital
m sub l can be
+ and - all l values and 0
The total number of m sub l numbers is the total amount of
Orbitals based on what type given by the l number
Possible orbitals for n=1
Only 1 s orbital
The element with the _______ specific heat capacity will undergo the greatest change in temperature
Lowest
273.15k is not a standard state for liquid
True
If change in H or E is positive then the reaction is
Endothermic
