Ch.6 General Anatomy Ans Physiology

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye.

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

Study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures.

Question 3

Histology

Answer 3

(microscopic anatomy) study of tiny structures found in living tissue.

Question 4

Cells

Answer 4

Basic unit of all living things (from bacteria, plants, animals, humans)
*Responsible for carrying on all life processes.

Question 5

Protoplasm

Answer 5

Cells of all living things are composed of this substance. (colorless jellylike substance in which food elements such as proteins, fats, carbs, minerals, salts, and water are present. )

*visual= clear gel of raw egg

Question 6

Cells structures include 5 things , what are they?

Answer 6

Protoplasm
Nucleus
Organelle (small organ)
cytoplasm
cell membrane

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

Dense, Active protoplasm found in the center of the cell. Important part of cell reporoduction.

*Visual=Yolk of raw egg

Question 8

Nucleoplasm

Answer 8

within the Nucleus of the cell, a fluid that contains proteins and an important acid known as Deoxyribonucleic aci (DNA).

*DNA is what determines our genetic makeup

Question 9

Cytoplasm

Answer 9

Is all the protoplasm of a cell except that found in the nucleus. The watery fluid contians the food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction and self repair.

Question 10

Cell membrane

Answer 10

Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm.

*permits soluble substances to enter and leave.

Question 11

T/F Cells have the ability to reproduce

Answer 11

True. Providing new cells for growth and replacement of worn or injured ones.

Question 12

Mitosis

Answer 12

usual process of cell reproduction in human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into two identical cells called daughter cells.

Question 13

Centrioles

Answer 13

Two small structire near the nucleus that move side to side during mitosis to help divide the cell.

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

chemical process that takes place in living organisms. Through this process, cells are nourished and carry out their activities.

Question 15

How are the TWO phases pf metabolism carried out? (anabolism and Catabolism)

Answer 15

Simultaneously and continually within the cells

Question 16

Anabolism

Answer 16

Constructive metabolism, The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones.

*during this.. the body stores water, food, and oxygen for the times when these substances will be needed for cell growth and repair

Question 17

Catabolism

Answer 17

The phase of metabolsim in which complex compounds withing the cells are broken down into smallerones.

*this process releases energy that is stores by special molecules to be used in muscle contractions, body secretions, or heat production

Question 18

Tissue

Answer 18

Collection of similar cells that perform a particular function.

*body tissues are composed of large amounts of water along with various other substances.

Question 19

What are the 4 types of tissues in the Body?

Answer 19

Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
muscle tissue
Nerve tissue

*Adipose tissue part of connective tissue

Question 20

Connective tissue

Answer 20

Supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body. (Bone, cartilage, Ligaments, Tendons, Fascia (which seperates muscle) and fat (or Adipose tissue).

*collagen and elastin are protein fibers also located in the connective tissue.

Question 21

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 21

Protective covering on body surfaces. Examples are skin, mucous membranes, the lining of the heart, digestive and respitory organs, and the glands.

Question 22

Muscle Tissue

Answer 22

Contracts and moves the various parts of the body

Question 23

Nerve tissue

Answer 23

Carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all bodily functions.

Nerve tissue is composed of special cells known as neurons, which make up the nerves, brain, and spinal cord.

Question 24

Organs

Answer 24

Structures composed of specialized tissues designed to perform a specific function in plants and animals.

Question 25

Body Systems (Systems)

Answer 25

groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions. Human body is composed of 11 major systems.

Question 26

Skeletal System

Answer 26

Forms the physical foundation of the body.
*provides shape and form for our bodies in addition to supporting, protecting, allowing body movement, producing blood for the body, and storing minerals such as calsium carbonate and calcium phosphate.

Question 27

Osteology

Answer 27

Study of the anatomy, structure, and function og the bones.

Question 28

How many bones form a rigid framework in a skeleton

Answer 28

206

Question 29

Joint

Answer 29

Connection between 2 or more bones of the skeleton

*2 Types of joints: Movable, and immovable such as pelvis or skull.

Question 30

How many bones does the /human head contain?

Answer 30

22

*Cranium AND Facial bones

Question 32

Cranium

Answer 32

Oval bony case that protects the brain, formed by 8 bones

Question 33

Facia

Question 34

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